{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414079417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607472","title":"Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection With Enhanced Spectral Graph Transformer Network","display_name":"Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection With Enhanced Spectral Graph Transformer Network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414079417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607472"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3607472","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607472","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607472","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020395341","display_name":"Furkat Safarov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-8176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Safarov Furkat Eshpulatovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, South Korea","Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-8176","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057292700","display_name":"Mukhiddin Toshpulatov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-852X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3148377317","display_name":"Department of Space","ror":"https://ror.org/000kjq947","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3148377317"]}],"countries":["IN","KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mukhiddin Toshpulatov","raw_affiliation_strings":["SpaceTop Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea","Post-Doctoral researcher, SpaceTop Research Center KAIST, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-852X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SpaceTop Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Post-Doctoral researcher, SpaceTop Research Center KAIST, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3148377317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116410607","display_name":"Misirov Komoliddin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130880545","display_name":"Tashkent Financial Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/018mf9d35","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130880545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55383850","display_name":"Tashkent State University of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/029t9db68","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55383850"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Misirov Komoliddin Mamasabirovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Financial Accounting and Reporting, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Financial Accounting and Reporting, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130880545","https://openalex.org/I55383850"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036343089","display_name":"Akmalbek Abdusalomov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-8695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akmalbek Abdusalomov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, South Korea","Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-8695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119575883","display_name":"Azizbek Khojamurotov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azizbek Khojamurotov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, South Korea","Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084025355","display_name":"Wookey Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-4577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wookey Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Voice AI institute, Industrial Engineering and Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea","Industrial Engineering & Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-4577","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Voice AI institute, Industrial Engineering and Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Engineering & Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0839,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79649191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"170554","last_page":"170576"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.8482000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5511999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.4961000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.4900999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.44279998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.42179998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.42149999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.8482000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5511999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5217999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.4961000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.4900999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.44279998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.42179998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.42149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.3822999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33649998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176641082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2446767","display_name":"Spectral signature","level":2,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778740170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575210","display_name":"Spectral space","level":2,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987249920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365748","display_name":"Spectral representation","level":2,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78660771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5508206","display_name":"Full spectral imaging","level":3,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3607472","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607472","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:395031b6719d460a8257a99e789fc777","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/395031b6719d460a8257a99e789fc777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 170554-170576 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3607472","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607472","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321370","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4224261559","https://openalex.org/W4225850527","https://openalex.org/W4292672241","https://openalex.org/W4309768160","https://openalex.org/W4312289230","https://openalex.org/W4312610008","https://openalex.org/W4386025596","https://openalex.org/W4390494483","https://openalex.org/W4390873265","https://openalex.org/W4391141090","https://openalex.org/W4391467940","https://openalex.org/W4391547678","https://openalex.org/W4391759484","https://openalex.org/W4394011707","https://openalex.org/W4394938943","https://openalex.org/W4395661451","https://openalex.org/W4396623037","https://openalex.org/W4396766427","https://openalex.org/W4398151306","https://openalex.org/W4400062737","https://openalex.org/W4400410899","https://openalex.org/W4400727513","https://openalex.org/W4400965449","https://openalex.org/W4401070764","https://openalex.org/W4401240380","https://openalex.org/W4401247243","https://openalex.org/W4401328280","https://openalex.org/W4401358048","https://openalex.org/W4401705603","https://openalex.org/W4401749181","https://openalex.org/W4402125357","https://openalex.org/W4403561776","https://openalex.org/W4403827055","https://openalex.org/W4406610882"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072166414","https://openalex.org/W3209970181","https://openalex.org/W2060875994","https://openalex.org/W3034375524","https://openalex.org/W4230131218","https://openalex.org/W2404757046","https://openalex.org/W2070598848","https://openalex.org/W2019190440","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hyperspectral":[0],"imaging":[1],"(HSI)":[2],"plays":[3],"a":[4,74,129,172,197],"pivotal":[5],"role":[6],"across":[7,171],"diverse":[8],"sectors\u2014including":[9],"agriculture,":[10],"environmental":[11],"monitoring,":[12],"and":[13,31,84,92,108,131,159,168,193],"defense\u2014by":[14],"capturing":[15],"rich":[16],"spectral":[17,95,109],"information":[18],"that":[19,77,148],"enables":[20],"fine-grained":[21],"material":[22],"discrimination.":[23],"Despite":[24],"its":[25],"advantages,":[26],"the":[27,56,67,90,123,135,165,182,188,203],"inherently":[28],"high":[29],"dimensionality":[30],"complexity":[32],"of":[33,94,125,134,174,185,190],"hyperspectral":[34,145,194],"data":[35],"present":[36],"substantial":[37],"challenges":[38],"for":[39,58,201],"reliable":[40],"anomaly":[41,96],"detection.":[42,97],"Conventional":[43],"approaches":[44],"often":[45],"fall":[46],"short":[47],"when":[48],"confronted":[49],"with":[50,115],"subtle":[51],"or":[52],"context-dependent":[53],"anomalies,":[54],"underscoring":[55],"need":[57],"more":[59],"advanced":[60],"methodologies.":[61],"In":[62],"this":[63,178],"study,":[64],"we":[65],"propose":[66],"Enhanced":[68],"Spectral":[69],"Graph":[70],"Transformer":[71],"Network":[72],"(ESGTN),":[73],"novel":[75],"framework":[76],"synergistically":[78],"combines":[79],"graph-based":[80],"modeling,":[81],"transformer":[82,112],"architectures,":[83],"hyperbolic":[85,126],"space":[86],"embedding":[87],"to":[88,181,208],"improve":[89],"accuracy":[91],"efficiency":[93],"By":[98],"representing":[99],"HSIs":[100],"as":[101],"graphs,":[102],"ESGTN":[103,149],"effectively":[104],"models":[105],"both":[106],"spatial":[107],"relationships.":[110],"The":[111],"component,":[113],"equipped":[114],"self-attention":[116],"mechanisms,":[117],"adaptively":[118],"emphasizes":[119],"salient":[120],"features,":[121],"while":[122],"incorporation":[124],"embeddings":[127],"provides":[128],"compact":[130],"distortion-minimized":[132],"representation":[133],"data\u2019s":[136],"hierarchical":[137],"structure.":[138],"Extensive":[139],"experiments":[140],"conducted":[141],"on":[142],"multiple":[143],"benchmark":[144],"datasets":[146],"demonstrate":[147],"consistently":[150],"outperforms":[151],"existing":[152],"state-of-the-art":[153],"methods,":[154],"achieving":[155],"superior":[156],"precision,":[157],"recall,":[158],"computational":[160],"efficiency.":[161],"These":[162],"findings":[163],"highlight":[164],"model\u2019s":[166],"robustness":[167],"practical":[169],"applicability":[170],"range":[173],"real-world":[175],"scenarios.":[176],"Moreover,":[177],"work":[179],"contributes":[180],"growing":[183],"body":[184],"research":[186],"at":[187],"intersection":[189],"deep":[191],"learning":[192],"imaging,":[195],"offering":[196],"scalable":[198],"path":[199],"forward":[200],"tackling":[202],"complex":[204],"analytical":[205],"demands":[206],"inherent":[207],"high-dimensional":[209],"remote":[210],"sensing":[211],"data.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-09-09T00:00:00"}