{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414079839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607206","title":"Lightweight End-to-End Patch-Based Self-Attention Network for Robust Image Forgery Detection","display_name":"Lightweight End-to-End Patch-Based Self-Attention Network for Robust Image Forgery Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414079839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607206"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3607206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607206","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119575973","display_name":"Police Aryan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81556334","display_name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","ror":"https://ror.org/03am10p12","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Police Aryan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amrita School of Artificial Intelligence, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amrita School of Artificial Intelligence, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078165876","display_name":"Rama Muni Reddy Yanamala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9132-4914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39244652","display_name":"Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Kancheepuram","ror":"https://ror.org/023c9pb11","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39244652"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rama Muni Reddy Yanamala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing (IIITDM) Kancheepuram, Chennai, India","Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing (IIITD&#x0026;M) Kancheepuram, Chennai, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing (IIITDM) Kancheepuram, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39244652"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing (IIITD&#x0026;M) Kancheepuram, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39244652"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118706808","display_name":"Archana Pallakonda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7865-4156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121750182","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Warangal","ror":"https://ror.org/017ebfz38","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121750182"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Archana Pallakonda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana, India","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Telangana, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121750182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Telangana, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121750182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084674151","display_name":"Rayappa David Amar Raj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5888-5513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81556334","display_name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","ror":"https://ror.org/03am10p12","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rayappa David Amar Raj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amrita School of Artificial Intelligence, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amrita School of Artificial Intelligence, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087553809","display_name":"Krishna Prakash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7797-1399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Krishna Prakasha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, India","School of Computer Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119575973"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.712,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96346323,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"157674","last_page":"157686"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9761999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.6204000115394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/f1-score","display_name":"F1 score","score":0.617900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5453000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5069000124931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.47920000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.4742000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38600000739097595}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.6204000115394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148524875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6975395","display_name":"F1 score","level":2,"score":0.617900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6111000180244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5453000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5069000124931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.47920000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.4742000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.37560001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.3589000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42781572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250322","display_name":"Digital image","level":4,"score":0.3467999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.3418000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.32030001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3607206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fe284a0aceec46d6a34d7e23131ccc0d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fe284a0aceec46d6a34d7e23131ccc0d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 157674-157686 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3607206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888338418","https://openalex.org/W2975393663","https://openalex.org/W2998236504","https://openalex.org/W3001197674","https://openalex.org/W3008486448","https://openalex.org/W3016767186","https://openalex.org/W3026256782","https://openalex.org/W3033714013","https://openalex.org/W3035757126","https://openalex.org/W3081165056","https://openalex.org/W3087912695","https://openalex.org/W3118971208","https://openalex.org/W3136675246","https://openalex.org/W3140970613","https://openalex.org/W3154575015","https://openalex.org/W3179308556","https://openalex.org/W3191117306","https://openalex.org/W3197106219","https://openalex.org/W3202603595","https://openalex.org/W3215142194","https://openalex.org/W4206589716","https://openalex.org/W4225554547","https://openalex.org/W4294770674","https://openalex.org/W4301524954","https://openalex.org/W4312642649","https://openalex.org/W4313121508","https://openalex.org/W4318618357","https://openalex.org/W4321482183","https://openalex.org/W4322503276","https://openalex.org/W4375868772","https://openalex.org/W4383746309","https://openalex.org/W4385945443","https://openalex.org/W4386075803","https://openalex.org/W4386075856","https://openalex.org/W4388599513","https://openalex.org/W4390874712","https://openalex.org/W4391341407","https://openalex.org/W4392903744","https://openalex.org/W4394908923","https://openalex.org/W4398765702","https://openalex.org/W4399303455","https://openalex.org/W4400079403","https://openalex.org/W4402041065","https://openalex.org/W4403577397","https://openalex.org/W4403780745","https://openalex.org/W4404441492","https://openalex.org/W4404876733","https://openalex.org/W4405008482","https://openalex.org/W4405784885","https://openalex.org/W4406947070","https://openalex.org/W4407230034","https://openalex.org/W4407466200","https://openalex.org/W4408016461","https://openalex.org/W4408159983","https://openalex.org/W4409284910","https://openalex.org/W4410358570"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"tampering":[1],"detection":[2,53],"and":[3,35,80,115,131,146,159,167,173,190,204],"localization":[4],"have":[5],"become":[6],"critical":[7],"tasks":[8],"in":[9],"digital":[10],"forensics":[11],"due":[12],"to":[13,39,95],"the":[14,97,117,121],"widespread":[15],"accessibility":[16],"of":[17,59,71,90,120,129,135,144,150,157,163,171,177],"powerful":[18],"image":[19],"editing":[20],"tools.We":[21],"came":[22],"up":[23,70],"with":[24],"a":[25,60,66,72,81,154],"new":[26],"Vision":[27],"Transformer":[28],"(ViT)-based":[29],"design":[30],"that":[31,55],"uses":[32,65],"patch":[33,73],"embedding":[34,74],"multi-head":[36],"self-attention":[37],"mechanisms":[38],"efficiently":[40],"find":[41],"fake":[42],"documents.":[43],"This":[44],"is":[45],"because":[46],"we":[47],"need":[48],"lightweight":[49],"but":[50],"highly":[51],"accurate":[52],"systems":[54],"can":[56],"model":[57,64,125],"all":[58],"document\u2019s":[61],"features.":[62],"Our":[63],"modular":[67],"pipeline":[68],"made":[69],"layer,":[75],"four":[76,108],"transformer":[77],"encoder":[78],"blocks,":[79],"streamlined":[82],"classification":[83,87],"head.":[84],"The":[85,124,181],"slimmed-down":[86],"head":[88],"consisted":[89],"only":[91],"69,793":[92],"trainable":[93],"parameters":[94],"keep":[96],"computation":[98],"costs":[99],"as":[100,102,202],"minimal":[101],"possible.":[103],"Experimental":[104],"evaluation":[105],"conducted":[106],"on":[107,137,152,165,179],"benchmark":[109],"datasets\u2014CASIA":[110],"v1,":[111,139],"DEFACTO":[112],"(Splicing),":[113],"MICC-F2000,":[114],"Columbia\u2014demonstrates":[116],"superior":[118],"performance":[119],"proposed":[122,182],"model.":[123],"gets":[126],"an":[127,132,140,147,160,168,174],"AUC":[128,143,156,170],"0.9712":[130],"F1":[133,148,161,175],"score":[134,149,162,176],"0.9587":[136],"CASIA":[138],"almost":[141],"perfect":[142],"0.9993":[145],"0.9914":[151],"DEFACTO,":[153],"good":[155],"0.8491":[158],"0.8319":[164],"Columbia,":[166],"exeptional":[169],"0.9804":[172],"0.9097":[178],"MICC-F2000.":[180],"architecture":[183],"was":[184],"evaluated":[185],"against":[186],"59":[187],"different":[188],"models":[189],"demonstrated":[191],"its":[192,195],"effectiveness,":[193],"showing":[194],"strong":[196],"potential":[197],"for":[198],"practical":[199],"applications":[200],"such":[201],"detecting":[203],"localizing":[205],"document":[206],"forgeries.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
