{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414080168","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607148","title":"ISR-FABEL: A Landmark-Based Dataset and Multimodal Emotion Recognition Framework for Child-Robot Interaction","display_name":"ISR-FABEL: A Landmark-Based Dataset and Multimodal Emotion Recognition Framework for Child-Robot Interaction","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414080168","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607148"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3607148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607148","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018438847","display_name":"Beatriz A. Ribeiro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76903346","display_name":"University of Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8k9a98","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Beatriz Ribeiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Systems and Robotics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029334817","display_name":"Ana Lopes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6695-477X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76903346","display_name":"University of Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8k9a98","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Lopes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Systems and Robotics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001685425","display_name":"Carlos Carona","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3605-3513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76903346","display_name":"University of Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8k9a98","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Carona","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011728288","display_name":"Urbano Nunes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7750-5221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76903346","display_name":"University of Coimbra","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8k9a98","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Urbano J. Nunes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Systems and Robotics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Systems and Robotics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I76903346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018438847"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I76903346"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.6579,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94835465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"157687","last_page":"157699"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9218000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"Emotion recognition","score":0.659600019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.6377000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.5268999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.46540001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-classification","display_name":"Emotion classification","score":0.450300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.36809998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affective-computing","display_name":"Affective computing","score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.35510000586509705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7754999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.659600019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.6377000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.5268999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5236999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.46540001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206310091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750859","display_name":"Emotion classification","level":2,"score":0.450300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.382099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.36809998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6438553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185804","display_name":"Affective computing","level":2,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.35510000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60692881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584529","display_name":"Humanoid robot","level":3,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.3116999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780660688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25052564","display_name":"Multimodal learning","level":2,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780910867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952416","display_name":"Multimodality","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126388530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131737","display_name":"Imitation","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.25200000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3607148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:91cbb1f9054d49edaa7da107b9d5342f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/91cbb1f9054d49edaa7da107b9d5342f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 157687-157699 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3607148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3607148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4165189648","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UIDB/00048/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325525","funder_display_name":"Okayama Foundation for Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325525","display_name":"Okayama Foundation for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05vjq0r17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976869056","https://openalex.org/W2002948879","https://openalex.org/W2012758188","https://openalex.org/W2035372623","https://openalex.org/W2084413241","https://openalex.org/W2092187810","https://openalex.org/W2103943262","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2128897837","https://openalex.org/W2133012565","https://openalex.org/W2137071639","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2559085405","https://openalex.org/W2578536385","https://openalex.org/W2756203131","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2885195348","https://openalex.org/W2887260263","https://openalex.org/W2903181347","https://openalex.org/W2908176280","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2991574913","https://openalex.org/W3091535944","https://openalex.org/W3107506847","https://openalex.org/W3171838246","https://openalex.org/W4200225874","https://openalex.org/W4293056298","https://openalex.org/W4313854694","https://openalex.org/W4378191606","https://openalex.org/W4378907171","https://openalex.org/W4383907652","https://openalex.org/W4386024094","https://openalex.org/W4386572391","https://openalex.org/W4394783121","https://openalex.org/W4401581980","https://openalex.org/W4402593536","https://openalex.org/W4407118630","https://openalex.org/W4410342858","https://openalex.org/W4411606169"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056853153","https://openalex.org/W2057559274","https://openalex.org/W2026924879","https://openalex.org/W2005087563","https://openalex.org/W2378111931","https://openalex.org/W3205513966","https://openalex.org/W3126677997","https://openalex.org/W3120459843","https://openalex.org/W1610857240","https://openalex.org/W4366547574"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emotion":[0],"recognition":[1],"plays":[2],"a":[3,46,59,70,97,107,118],"crucial":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,12,152,174,188],"enhancing":[7],"human-robot":[8],"interaction":[9],"(HRI),":[10],"particularly":[11],"contexts":[13],"involving":[14,77],"children":[15],"where":[16],"understanding":[17],"emotional":[18,36,64],"states":[19],"can":[20],"improve":[21],"engagement":[22],"and":[23,53,88,117,149,159,180,191],"therapeutic":[24],"interventions.":[25],"Current":[26],"approaches":[27],"primarily":[28],"focus":[29],"on":[30,157],"facial":[31,52,104,148],"expressions,":[32],"overlooking":[33],"the":[34,85,128,144,168],"valuable":[35],"insights":[37],"provided":[38],"by":[39],"body":[40,54,115],"posture.":[41],"The":[42,93,177],"present":[43],"study":[44],"introduces":[45,68],"multimodal":[47,129],"framework":[48,169],"that":[49,127],"integrates":[50],"both":[51,81,123],"posture":[55],"landmarks":[56],"to":[57,121,184],"capture":[58],"more":[60],"comprehensive":[61],"representation":[62],"of":[63,147],"expression.":[65],"This":[66],"work":[67],"ISR-FABEL,":[69],"new":[71],"dataset":[72,179],"collected":[73],"from":[74,114],"child-robot":[75,192],"interactions":[76],"88":[78],"children,":[79],"including":[80],"real-world":[82],"sessions":[83],"with":[84],"NAO":[86],"robot":[87],"controlled":[89],"emotion":[90,105,153],"imitation":[91],"tasks.":[92],"proposed":[94],"architecture":[95],"incorporates":[96],"Gated":[98],"Recurrent":[99],"Unit":[100],"(GRU)-based":[101],"model":[102,182],"for":[103],"recognition,":[106],"Random":[108],"Forest":[109],"classifier":[110],"leveraging":[111],"engineered":[112],"features":[113],"posture,":[116],"late-fusion":[119],"strategy":[120],"combine":[122],"modalities.":[124],"Results":[125],"show":[126],"approach":[130],"achieves":[131],"72.53%":[132],"classification":[133],"accuracy,":[134],"significantly":[135],"outperforming":[136],"unimodal":[137],"models":[138],"(face-only:":[139],"61.54%,":[140],"body-only:":[141],"39.47%),":[142],"underscoring":[143],"complementary":[145],"nature":[146],"bodily":[150],"cues":[151],"recognition.":[154],"By":[155],"relying":[156],"2D":[158],"3D":[160],"landmark":[161],"data":[162],"rather":[163],"than":[164],"raw":[165],"visual":[166],"input,":[167],"also":[170],"supports":[171],"practical":[172],"deployment":[173],"sensitive":[175],"environments.":[176],"resulting":[178],"baseline":[181],"aim":[183],"support":[185],"future":[186],"research":[187],"affective":[189],"computing":[190],"interaction.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
