{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413392359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3601530","title":"Advanced Fault Diagnosis in Photovoltaic Arrays Using a Metropolis-Hastings Convolutional Variational Autoencoder","display_name":"Advanced Fault Diagnosis in Photovoltaic Arrays Using a Metropolis-Hastings Convolutional Variational Autoencoder","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413392359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3601530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3601530","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3601530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3601530","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008946555","display_name":"Ahmed Mesai Belgacem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0328-3835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116970179","display_name":"University of Jijel","ror":"https://ror.org/03kkfk814","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116970179"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Mesai Belgacem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0328-3835","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116970179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108695094","display_name":"Mounir Hadef","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116970179","display_name":"University of Jijel","ror":"https://ror.org/03kkfk814","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116970179"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mounir Hadef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116970179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017680511","display_name":"Kheira Kahili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0286-1926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116970179","display_name":"University of Jijel","ror":"https://ror.org/03kkfk814","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116970179"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kheira Kahili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116970179"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072437686","display_name":"Muhannad Alshareef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0390-7412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199693650","display_name":"Umm al-Qura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01xjqrm90","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhannad J. Alshareef","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing in Al-Qunfudhah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing in Al-Qunfudhah, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0390-7412","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing in Al-Qunfudhah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing in Al-Qunfudhah, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199693650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106654582","display_name":"Mohammad Ghatasheh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8993-7264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91633459","display_name":"Middle East University","ror":"https://ror.org/059bgad73","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91633459"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Ghatasheh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Basic Sciences, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8993-7264","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Basic Sciences, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91633459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053068895","display_name":"Aymen Flah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-6096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142208455","display_name":"VSB - Technical University of Ostrava","ror":"https://ror.org/05x8mcb75","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27570832","display_name":"Jadara University","ror":"https://ror.org/001drnv35","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27570832"]}],"countries":["CZ","JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aymen Flah","raw_affiliation_strings":["ENET Centre, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic","Jadara University Research Center, Jadara University, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-6096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENET Centre, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142208455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jadara University Research Center, Jadara University, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27570832"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032350538","display_name":"Ayman Hoballah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4978-3133"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayman Hoballah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008946555"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116970179"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12534506,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"150537","last_page":"150554"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10468","display_name":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","score":0.9772999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10468","display_name":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","score":0.9772999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9674999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9656000137329102,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.8753942251205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.6182255148887634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6141811609268188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.4930700957775116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4572226405143738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4199592173099518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.15808600187301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.123328298330307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.0902506411075592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.06421992182731628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.8753942251205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.6182255148887634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6141811609268188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4930700957775116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4572226405143738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4199592173099518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.15808600187301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.123328298330307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0902506411075592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.06421992182731628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3601530","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3601530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dbd2ea8c718c4b719d0ac97b0e4a3880","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dbd2ea8c718c4b719d0ac97b0e4a3880","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 150537-150554 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3601530","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3601530","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8574158922","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101139527","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323722","funder_display_name":"Taif University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323722","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1652153443","https://openalex.org/W2041354713","https://openalex.org/W2060976371","https://openalex.org/W2085191958","https://openalex.org/W2096991872","https://openalex.org/W2106642194","https://openalex.org/W2108207895","https://openalex.org/W2174076334","https://openalex.org/W2466439715","https://openalex.org/W2614092582","https://openalex.org/W2615933803","https://openalex.org/W2755382782","https://openalex.org/W2763277974","https://openalex.org/W2772601414","https://openalex.org/W2775904338","https://openalex.org/W2786001248","https://openalex.org/W2795975941","https://openalex.org/W2883843133","https://openalex.org/W2888728157","https://openalex.org/W2896830844","https://openalex.org/W2897996667","https://openalex.org/W2898869714","https://openalex.org/W2905207378","https://openalex.org/W2912345712","https://openalex.org/W2913001695","https://openalex.org/W2922415109","https://openalex.org/W2926172260","https://openalex.org/W2945020349","https://openalex.org/W2945532623","https://openalex.org/W2950337752","https://openalex.org/W2961566974","https://openalex.org/W2998698862","https://openalex.org/W2998842387","https://openalex.org/W3008241461","https://openalex.org/W3190978736","https://openalex.org/W3214894867","https://openalex.org/W4200512181","https://openalex.org/W4205366346","https://openalex.org/W4210984451","https://openalex.org/W4225401189","https://openalex.org/W4282830900","https://openalex.org/W4285049345","https://openalex.org/W4310193707","https://openalex.org/W4310673970","https://openalex.org/W4311415873","https://openalex.org/W4312695219","https://openalex.org/W4318683792","https://openalex.org/W4377042006","https://openalex.org/W4389085277","https://openalex.org/W4390659449","https://openalex.org/W4391167754","https://openalex.org/W4401107297","https://openalex.org/W4404480001","https://openalex.org/W4404564733","https://openalex.org/W4405108516","https://openalex.org/W4405601935","https://openalex.org/W4406070894","https://openalex.org/W4407568153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3013693939","https://openalex.org/W2566616303","https://openalex.org/W2159052453","https://openalex.org/W3131327266","https://openalex.org/W2734887215","https://openalex.org/W2803255133","https://openalex.org/W4297051394","https://openalex.org/W2752972570","https://openalex.org/W4386815338","https://openalex.org/W4220775285"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Effective":[0],"fault":[1,40,166],"diagnosis":[2,41],"is":[3,97],"critical":[4],"for":[5,141,162],"maintaining":[6],"the":[7,110,115,156,171],"operational":[8,93,153],"efficiency":[9],"and":[10,28,57,75,89,104,129,151,176],"reliability":[11],"of":[12,19,77,173],"photovoltaic":[13],"(PV)":[14],"arrays.":[15],"While":[16],"a":[17,38,46,58,121],"multitude":[18],"artificial":[20],"intelligence":[21],"techniques":[22,103],"have":[23],"been":[24],"applied":[25],"to":[26,170],"detect":[27],"diagnose":[29],"faults":[30],"in":[31,109,148],"solar":[32,178],"panel":[33],"systems,":[34],"this":[35],"research":[36],"presents":[37],"novel":[39,135],"strategy.":[42],"Our":[43],"approach":[44,136],"leverages":[45],"Variational":[47,69],"Autoencoder":[48,70],"(VAE),":[49],"further":[50],"enhanced":[51],"by":[52],"Metropolis-Hastings":[53,67],"Monte":[54],"Carlo":[55],"sampling":[56],"robust":[59],"residual":[60],"convolutional":[61],"neural":[62],"network":[63],"architecture.":[64],"The":[65],"proposed":[66],"Convolutional":[68],"(MH-CVAE)":[71],"demonstrates":[72],"precise":[73],"identification":[74],"categorization":[76],"diverse":[78],"PV":[79,142,164],"faults\u2014including":[80],"arc":[81],"faults,":[82],"MPPT":[83],"failures,":[84],"line-to-line,":[85],"open":[86],"circuits,":[87],"degradation,":[88],"partial":[90],"shading\u2014under":[91],"varied":[92],"influences.":[94],"This":[95,134],"methodology":[96],"benchmarked":[98],"against":[99],"established":[100],"machine":[101],"learning":[102],"existing":[105],"autoencoder":[106],"models":[107],"reported":[108],"literature.":[111],"Comprehensive":[112],"simulations":[113],"highlight":[114],"MH-CVAE":[116,157],"model\u2019s":[117],"superior":[118],"performance,":[119],"attaining":[120],"remarkable":[122],"99.86%":[123],"accuracy":[124],"on":[125],"simulated":[126],"test":[127],"data":[128],"surpassing":[130],"conventional":[131],"diagnostic":[132,139],"approaches.":[133],"significantly":[137],"expands":[138],"capabilities":[140],"arrays,":[143],"thereby":[144],"offering":[145],"potential":[146],"improvements":[147],"system":[149],"dependability":[150],"overall":[152],"efficacy.":[154],"Consequently,":[155],"method":[158],"shows":[159],"considerable":[160],"promise":[161],"advancing":[163],"array":[165],"diagnosis,":[167],"ultimately":[168],"contributing":[169],"development":[172],"more":[174],"resilient":[175],"efficient":[177],"energy":[179],"infrastructures.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}