{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413318871","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3599577","title":"Design of a Self-Built Bidirectional Multi-Slope Integrating Analog-to-Digital Converter","display_name":"Design of a Self-Built Bidirectional Multi-Slope Integrating Analog-to-Digital Converter","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413318871","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3599577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3599577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3599577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3599577","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060209752","display_name":"Yuan Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-4722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144214","display_name":"Jiangsu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04jabhf80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electric Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electric Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077832584","display_name":"Ziqi Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5593-7155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144214","display_name":"Jiangsu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04jabhf80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhilong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electric Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electric Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103571629","display_name":"Cheng Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144214","display_name":"Jiangsu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04jabhf80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electric Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electric Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025060316","display_name":"Yingying Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8173-3465"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144214","display_name":"Jiangsu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04jabhf80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingying Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electric Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electric Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101925038","display_name":"Haohua Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2414-4362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158113","display_name":"Changzhou Architectural Research Institute Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05x0rwj57","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158113"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haohua Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Changzhou Tonghui Electronic Company Ltd., Changzhou, China","Changzhou Tonghui Electronic Co., Ltd, Changzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changzhou Tonghui Electronic Company Ltd., Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changzhou Tonghui Electronic Co., Ltd, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158113"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101273714","display_name":"Xucong Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158113","display_name":"Changzhou Architectural Research Institute Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05x0rwj57","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158113"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xucong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Changzhou Tonghui Electronic Company Ltd., Changzhou, China","Changzhou Tonghui Electronic Co., Ltd, Changzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changzhou Tonghui Electronic Company Ltd., Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Changzhou Tonghui Electronic Co., Ltd, Changzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158113"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060209752"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144214"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12189982,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"146380","last_page":"146389"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13734","display_name":"Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications","score":0.7163000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13734","display_name":"Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications","score":0.7163000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.7023000121116638,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.6717000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6775975823402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-to-digital-converter","display_name":"Analog-to-digital converter","score":0.5229590535163879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4418129324913025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.31734445691108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.14434897899627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14190465211868286}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6775975823402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777271169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190169","display_name":"Analog-to-digital converter","level":3,"score":0.5229590535163879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4418129324913025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.31734445691108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.14434897899627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14190465211868286}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3599577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3599577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fd9c1dfeef5b4eb59261cc424e9cb686","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fd9c1dfeef5b4eb59261cc424e9cb686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 146380-146389 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3599577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3599577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3797031705","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12304477","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2582477875","https://openalex.org/W2776138491","https://openalex.org/W2787708333","https://openalex.org/W3096597667","https://openalex.org/W3112056426","https://openalex.org/W4205877901","https://openalex.org/W4281731591","https://openalex.org/W4311294714","https://openalex.org/W4316660175","https://openalex.org/W4320006681","https://openalex.org/W4321062119","https://openalex.org/W4376605878","https://openalex.org/W4386702690","https://openalex.org/W4387192684","https://openalex.org/W4388279429","https://openalex.org/W4389296443","https://openalex.org/W4390417292","https://openalex.org/W4393028350","https://openalex.org/W4396918393","https://openalex.org/W4398198570","https://openalex.org/W4399997198","https://openalex.org/W4400771225","https://openalex.org/W4404102610","https://openalex.org/W4405936107","https://openalex.org/W4408183539","https://openalex.org/W4408441908","https://openalex.org/W4408716116","https://openalex.org/W4410536706","https://openalex.org/W4411724791"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2052540181","https://openalex.org/W2120387100"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2,74,133,145,148],"meet":[3],"the":[4,22,29,37,52,58,68,86,104,110,130,142,152],"requirements":[5],"of":[6,60,99],"high-precision":[7],"and":[8,32,40,49,113,121],"high-resolution":[9,169],"measurement":[10,131,170],"environments,":[11],"this":[12],"paper":[13,27],"proposes":[14],"a":[15,80],"bidirectional":[16,137],"multi-slope":[17],"integrating":[18],"ADC":[19],"based":[20],"on":[21,36,62,157],"Multi-Slope":[23],"III":[24],"technique.":[25],"The":[26,136],"details":[28],"design":[30],"methodology":[31],"operational":[33],"principles":[34],"centered":[35],"\u2019multiple":[38],"integration":[39,43,54,64,70,117,138],"high-bit":[41],"sampling":[42],"with":[44,57,79,93,103],"low-bit":[45],"residual":[46],"detection\u2019":[47],"mode,":[48],"rigorously":[50],"derives":[51],"theoretical":[53],"waveform":[55,89],"along":[56],"dependence":[59],"resolution":[61,132],"signal":[63,69,159],"time":[65,71],"settings.":[66],"When":[67],"is":[72],"set":[73],"one":[75],"power-line":[76],"cycle":[77],"(PLC)":[78],"10":[81],"V":[82,147],"full-scale":[83],"DC":[84],"input,":[85],"integrated":[87],"voltage":[88],"exhibits":[90],"stable":[91],"settling":[92],"negligible":[94],"distortion,":[95],"confirming":[96],"effective":[97],"suppression":[98],"nonlinear":[100],"errors.":[101],"Combined":[102],"designed":[105],"optimization":[106],"schemes":[107],"such":[108],"as":[109],"\"balanced":[111],"circuit\"":[112],"\"power":[114],"frequency":[115,123],"cycle-matched":[116],"time\",":[118],"zero-adjustment":[119],"errors":[120],"power":[122],"interference":[124],"are":[125],"effectively":[126],"suppressed,":[127],"further":[128],"improving":[129],"7.5":[134],"bits.":[135],"mechanism":[139],"adopted":[140],"expands":[141],"input":[143],"range":[144],"-10":[146],"+10":[149],"V,":[150],"eliminating":[151],"need":[153],"for":[154],"excessive":[155],"reliance":[156],"external":[158],"conditioning":[160],"circuits.":[161],"This":[162],"architecture":[163],"demonstrates":[164],"significant":[165],"utility":[166],"in":[167],"low-frequency,":[168],"systems.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
