{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413465140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598927","title":"A Scalable Framework for Deploying AI-Powered Wildlife Monitoring in Resource-Limited Field Environments","display_name":"A Scalable Framework for Deploying AI-Powered Wildlife Monitoring in Resource-Limited Field Environments","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413465140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598927"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3598927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598927","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009778094","display_name":"Md. Auhidur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7252-5373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Auhidur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7252-5373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119402067","display_name":"Tesfalem Mehari Berhe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tesfalem Mehari Berhe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, CNIT, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Dept. of Information Engineering, CNIT - University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, CNIT, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Engineering, CNIT - University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092460583","display_name":"Luca Borgianni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1097-0421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Borgianni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1097-0421","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Md Sabbir Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0480-0392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Sabbir Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0480-0392","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094582980","display_name":"Cristian Bua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2300-0257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristian Bua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2300-0257","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007526433","display_name":"Davide Adami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3007-1400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Adami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, CNIT, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Dept. of Information Engineering, CNIT - University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, CNIT, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Engineering, CNIT - University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021026284","display_name":"Stefano Giordano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-7528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Giordano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-7528","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via G. Caruso 16, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.8347,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90167418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"145023","last_page":"145041"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.8647000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.8647000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.7598999738693237,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.7387999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7425172328948975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.679989218711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.5383843183517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wildlife","display_name":"Wildlife","score":0.5218549966812134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5217117667198181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.44443103671073914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.23120155930519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.16701585054397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.15401393175125122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.11351728439331055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7425172328948975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.679989218711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5383843183517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29376679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241741","display_name":"Wildlife","level":2,"score":0.5218549966812134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5217117667198181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44443103671073914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.23120155930519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.16701585054397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.15401393175125122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.11351728439331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3598927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/1345130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11568/1345130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:22b9830663564c7a81cea3c65efa36bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/22b9830663564c7a81cea3c65efa36bf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 145023-145041 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3598927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987747093","https://openalex.org/W2011798344","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2744170642","https://openalex.org/W2768556559","https://openalex.org/W2769210209","https://openalex.org/W2798654398","https://openalex.org/W2829055456","https://openalex.org/W2883386984","https://openalex.org/W2952113774","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W3038699438","https://openalex.org/W3147097582","https://openalex.org/W4289986171","https://openalex.org/W4313854519","https://openalex.org/W4315815610","https://openalex.org/W4377969595","https://openalex.org/W4389883100","https://openalex.org/W4389891334","https://openalex.org/W4390643718","https://openalex.org/W4392123792","https://openalex.org/W4392811632","https://openalex.org/W4392939809","https://openalex.org/W4396242367","https://openalex.org/W4399110302","https://openalex.org/W4401070087","https://openalex.org/W4401071581","https://openalex.org/W4401580676","https://openalex.org/W4403674662","https://openalex.org/W4403677714","https://openalex.org/W4407946327","https://openalex.org/W4408100115","https://openalex.org/W4411222076","https://openalex.org/W4412751391","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6749960560","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6868582632"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000315402","https://openalex.org/W2361909619","https://openalex.org/W3118313439","https://openalex.org/W3113123330","https://openalex.org/W2164318214","https://openalex.org/W2799487830","https://openalex.org/W2398337084","https://openalex.org/W2144834373","https://openalex.org/W2394465510","https://openalex.org/W1985749650"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wildlife":[0],"monitoring":[1],"in":[2,43,137,168,202],"remote":[3],"field":[4,139],"environments":[5],"presents":[6],"significant":[7],"challenges":[8],"owing":[9],"to":[10],"energy":[11,99],"constraints,":[12],"limited":[13],"network":[14],"connectivity,":[15],"and":[16,33,47,65,86,98,111,131,157,205,217],"the":[17,69,81,118,146,151,178,196],"need":[18],"for":[19,36,154,187,210],"real-time":[20,122],"processing.":[21],"This":[22],"study":[23],"proposes":[24],"a":[25,173,184],"scalable":[26],"framework":[27],"that":[28,117],"integrates":[29],"artificial":[30],"intelligence":[31],"(AI)":[32],"edge":[34,200],"computing":[35],"autonomous":[37],"wildlife":[38,53,214],"detection,":[39],"class-based":[40],"object":[41,60],"counting":[42],"frames,":[44],"distance":[45],"measurement,":[46],"geolocation":[48],"estimation":[49],"of":[50,199],"key":[51],"European":[52,70],"species.":[54],"The":[55,90],"system":[56],"leverages":[57],"deep":[58],"learning-based":[59],"detection":[61,94],"models,":[62],"specifically":[63],"YOLOv8m":[64],"YOLOv10m":[66],"trained":[67],"by":[68],"Animal":[71],"Detection":[72],"Dataset,":[73],"deployed":[74],"on":[75],"power-efficient":[76],"embedded":[77],"platforms":[78],"such":[79],"as":[80,150,183],"NVIDIA":[82],"Jetson":[83,147],"Orin":[84,148],"Nano":[85,149],"Raspberry":[87,179],"Pi":[88,180],"5.":[89],"experimental":[91],"evaluation":[92],"assesses":[93],"accuracy,":[95],"computational":[96],"efficiency,":[97,158],"consumption":[100],"across":[101],"different":[102],"hardware":[103],"configurations,":[104],"ensuring":[105,135],"an":[106],"optimal":[107,152],"trade-off":[108],"between":[109],"performance":[110],"resource":[112],"utilization.":[113],"Our":[114],"findings":[115],"demonstrate":[116],"proposed":[119],"approach":[120],"enables":[121],"inference":[123],"while":[124],"maintaining":[125],"high":[126],"mean":[127],"average":[128],"precision":[129],"(mAP)":[130],"minimizing":[132],"power":[133,170],"consumption,":[134],"feasibility":[136],"resource-limited":[138],"conditions.":[140],"A":[141],"comprehensive":[142],"cost-performance":[143],"analysis":[144],"highlights":[145],"choice":[153],"balancing":[155],"accuracy":[156],"achieving":[159],"40.1":[160],"Frame":[161],"Per":[162],"Second":[163],"(FPS)":[164],"at":[165],"just":[166],"8W":[167],"25W":[169],"mode":[171],"using":[172],"TensorRT-optimized":[174],"YOLO":[175],"model.":[176],"Meanwhile,":[177],"5":[181],"serves":[182],"cost-effective":[185],"alternative":[186],"lightweight":[188],"models.":[189],"Beyond":[190],"technical":[191],"performance,":[192],"this":[193],"work":[194],"underscores":[195],"transformative":[197],"role":[198],"AI":[201],"supporting":[203],"ecologists":[204],"agronomists":[206],"with":[207],"actionable":[208],"insights":[209],"biodiversity":[211],"conservation,":[212],"human":[213],"conflict":[215],"mitigation,":[216],"sustainable":[218],"ecosystem":[219],"management.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T17:40:00.097472","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
