{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413424198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598919","title":"Toward Reliable Fire Detection in Indoor CCTV Footage: Reducing False Alarms From Benign Flames Using 3D Attention CNNs","display_name":"Toward Reliable Fire Detection in Indoor CCTV Footage: Reducing False Alarms From Benign Flames Using 3D Attention CNNs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413424198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598919"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3598919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598919","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073135610","display_name":"Mostafa M. E. H. Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-2948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188329596","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa M. E. H. Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9918-2948","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596","https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040340508","display_name":"Maryam Ghodrat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4009-5262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188329596","display_name":"University of Canberra","ror":"https://ror.org/04s1nv328","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188329596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maryam Ghodrat","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4009-5262","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188329596","https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"apc_paid":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"fwci":2.3575,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87878788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"144092","last_page":"144103"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7111406326293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4773680865764618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.45636695623397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3788154125213623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7111406326293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4773680865764618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.45636695623397827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3788154125213623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3598919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3598919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313567","display_name":"University of New South Wales Canberra","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570937892","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1909366555","https://openalex.org/W1984840037","https://openalex.org/W1996199746","https://openalex.org/W2060947329","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2098269503","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2208403382","https://openalex.org/W2379177526","https://openalex.org/W2408797556","https://openalex.org/W2523496193","https://openalex.org/W2592979336","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2741119099","https://openalex.org/W2769961205","https://openalex.org/W2780222614","https://openalex.org/W2807862495","https://openalex.org/W2900072638","https://openalex.org/W2901853555","https://openalex.org/W2914296386","https://openalex.org/W2936299508","https://openalex.org/W2944039629","https://openalex.org/W2946462571","https://openalex.org/W2963091558","https://openalex.org/W2963155035","https://openalex.org/W2963420686","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2976669726","https://openalex.org/W3010585612","https://openalex.org/W3013887673","https://openalex.org/W3033179750","https://openalex.org/W3053427166","https://openalex.org/W3090022951","https://openalex.org/W3120107013","https://openalex.org/W3121052081","https://openalex.org/W3142500263","https://openalex.org/W3158505286","https://openalex.org/W3197938577","https://openalex.org/W3208697304","https://openalex.org/W4205356104","https://openalex.org/W4213014551","https://openalex.org/W4223958543","https://openalex.org/W4289752563","https://openalex.org/W4292074855","https://openalex.org/W4293660432","https://openalex.org/W4296705332","https://openalex.org/W4297775537","https://openalex.org/W4306154877","https://openalex.org/W4306726711","https://openalex.org/W4311089311","https://openalex.org/W4312054939","https://openalex.org/W4322731423","https://openalex.org/W4385812309","https://openalex.org/W4389114072","https://openalex.org/W4392883607"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reliable":[0],"early":[1],"fire":[2,14,57,87,193,197,211],"detection":[3,15,212],"is":[4,107],"essential":[5],"for":[6,208],"protecting":[7],"life":[8],"and":[9,60,113,138],"property.":[10],"While":[11],"deep":[12],"learning\u2013based":[13],"systems":[16],"have":[17],"demonstrated":[18],"potential,":[19],"many":[20],"remain":[21],"untested":[22],"under":[23],"real-world":[24],"conditions,":[25],"particularly":[26],"in":[27,145,169,216],"indoor":[28,82,218],"environments":[29],"where":[30],"false":[31],"alarms":[32],"are":[33],"prevalent.":[34],"Existing":[35],"studies":[36],"primarily":[37],"address":[38,65],"limited":[39],"false-positive":[40,147],"cases\u2014such":[41],"as":[42],"bright":[43],"illumination":[44],"or":[45],"red-colored":[46],"objects\u2014while":[47],"neglecting":[48],"realistic,":[49],"benign":[50,185,192],"flame":[51,62,83],"sources":[52],"including":[53],"vented":[54],"fireplaces,":[55],"gas":[56],"pits,":[58],"candles,":[59],"LED":[61],"simulators.":[63],"To":[64],"this":[66],"gap,":[67],"we":[68],"introduce":[69],"FalseNet,":[70],"the":[71,156,164,176,202,205],"first":[72],"curated":[73],"video":[74],"dataset":[75],"encompassing":[76],"a":[77,92,104,151,159],"diverse":[78],"set":[79],"of":[80,133,136,140,166,204],"non-hazardous":[81],"scenarios":[84],"alongside":[85],"genuine":[86],"incidents.":[88],"We":[89],"also":[90],"propose":[91],"3D":[93,105],"attention-based":[94],"convolutional":[95],"neural":[96],"network":[97],"that":[98],"integrates":[99],"ResNet":[100],"with":[101,184,213],"(2+1)D":[102],"convolutions\u2014where":[103],"convolution":[106],"factorized":[108],"into":[109],"sequential":[110],"2D":[111],"spatial":[112,181],"1D":[114],"temporal":[115],"operations\u2014and":[116],"Convolutional":[117],"Block":[118],"Attention":[119],"Modules":[120],"(CBAM)":[121],"to":[122,150,179,190],"enhance":[123],"spatiotemporal":[124],"feature":[125],"extraction.":[126],"The":[127],"proposed":[128,206],"model":[129,153,171],"achieves":[130],"an":[131],"accuracy":[132],"90.44%,":[134,141],"precision":[135],"90.46%,":[137],"recall":[139],"demonstrating":[142],"improved":[143],"robustness":[144],"reducing":[146],"rates.":[148],"Compared":[149],"baseline":[152],"without":[154],"CBAM,":[155],"results":[157],"confirm":[158],"notable":[160],"performance":[161],"gain,":[162],"validating":[163],"role":[165],"attention":[167],"mechanisms":[168],"enhancing":[170],"generalization.":[172],"Grad-CAM":[173],"visualizations":[174],"illustrate":[175],"model\u2019s":[177],"ability":[178],"localize":[180],"features":[182],"associated":[183],"flames,":[186],"highlighting":[187],"its":[188],"capacity":[189],"differentiate":[191],"instances":[194],"from":[195],"actual":[196],"events.":[198],"These":[199],"findings":[200],"support":[201],"viability":[203],"approach":[207],"intelligent,":[209],"CCTV-based":[210],"enhanced":[214],"reliability":[215],"complex":[217],"environments.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
