{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413155565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598342","title":"Beyond Relevance: Enhancing Serendipity in Content-Based Recommendations With Knowledge Graphs","display_name":"Beyond Relevance: Enhancing Serendipity in Content-Based Recommendations With Knowledge Graphs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413155565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3598342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598342","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079646033","display_name":"Nur Izyan Yasmin Saat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5051-1354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nur Izyan Yasmin Saat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia","Faculty of Information Science &#x0026; Technology, Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5051-1354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Science &#x0026; Technology, Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034852151","display_name":"Masnizah Mohd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8908-8755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masnizah Mohd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia","Faculty of Information Science &#x0026; Technology, Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8908-8755","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Science &#x0026; Technology, Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084358405","display_name":"Shahrul Azman Mohd Noah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7683-4309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahrul Azman Mohd Noah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia","Faculty of Information Science &#x0026; Technology, Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7683-4309","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Science &#x0026; Technology, Centre of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033460973","display_name":"Sumaia Mohammed Al-Ghuribi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9714-9677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142608572","display_name":"Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumaia Mohammed Al-Ghuribi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering Department, College of Computer Engineering and Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia","Software Engineering Department, College of Computer Engineering and Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9714-9677","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Department, College of Computer Engineering and Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Department, College of Computer Engineering and Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079646033"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.0776,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.895272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"142980","last_page":"142989"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serendipity","display_name":"Serendipity","score":0.9522263407707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.7589285373687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6353477239608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/content","display_name":"Content (measure theory)","score":0.4885757863521576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4173758625984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.34313642978668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13341838121414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.10006558895111084}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779119418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166039","display_name":"Serendipity","level":2,"score":0.9522263407707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.7589285373687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6353477239608765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778152352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165061","display_name":"Content (measure theory)","level":2,"score":0.4885757863521576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4173758625984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.34313642978668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13341838121414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.10006558895111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3598342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:09a9694c996f4c6caa0a2aba82f41096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/09a9694c996f4c6caa0a2aba82f41096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 142980-142989 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3598342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3598342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G602421783","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DCP-2017-007/4","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","funder_display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W824612272","https://openalex.org/W1560799855","https://openalex.org/W2042320784","https://openalex.org/W2071198821","https://openalex.org/W2116206254","https://openalex.org/W2148398661","https://openalex.org/W2164646033","https://openalex.org/W2219888463","https://openalex.org/W2254811361","https://openalex.org/W2476960546","https://openalex.org/W2594211397","https://openalex.org/W2751948019","https://openalex.org/W2808051230","https://openalex.org/W2811138351","https://openalex.org/W2888093627","https://openalex.org/W2900395645","https://openalex.org/W2901850002","https://openalex.org/W3092723932","https://openalex.org/W3134166307","https://openalex.org/W3136359687","https://openalex.org/W3175756067","https://openalex.org/W4205934477","https://openalex.org/W4220687172","https://openalex.org/W4226210383","https://openalex.org/W4327909856","https://openalex.org/W4385848411","https://openalex.org/W4389951435","https://openalex.org/W4396964174","https://openalex.org/W4405907381","https://openalex.org/W6748397916","https://openalex.org/W6801573793"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205615116","https://openalex.org/W2154428221","https://openalex.org/W2531086667","https://openalex.org/W4407346128","https://openalex.org/W1967370444","https://openalex.org/W2150136235","https://openalex.org/W2085215424","https://openalex.org/W2088814244","https://openalex.org/W2157408137","https://openalex.org/W4312252109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Content-based":[0],"recommender":[1,43,226],"systems":[2,44],"suffer":[3],"from":[4,97,113,162],"overspecialization,":[5],"creating":[6],"filter":[7],"bubbles":[8],"that":[9,15,155,187],"limit":[10],"user":[11,163,179,250],"exploration.":[12],"Serendipitous":[13],"recommendations":[14],"are":[16,111,156],"unexpected":[17,214],"and":[18,39,74,100,123,178,199,203,213,246],"novel":[19,33,212],"yet":[20,159],"relevant":[21],"offer":[22],"a":[23,32,145],"solution":[24],"to":[25,35,85,152],"this":[26,29],"problem.":[27],"Thus,":[28],"paper":[30],"proposes":[31],"approach":[34,148,209],"enhance":[36],"both":[37],"precision":[38,202],"serendipity":[40,204],"in":[41,140,223],"content-based":[42,225],"using":[45,125],"Knowledge":[46],"Graph":[47],"(KG)":[48],"representations":[49],"by":[50,182,236],"enhancing":[51,233],"the":[52,64,77,104,141,150,171,220,234],"distance-based":[53],"recommendation":[54,244],"combined":[55],"with":[56,76,81,130,239],"LDA":[57],"topic":[58],"enrichment":[59],"strategy.":[60],"Our":[61],"method":[62,189],"combines":[63],"MovieLens":[65],"SAC":[66],"dataset":[67,84],"(which":[68],"includes":[69],"details":[70],"like":[71],"actors,":[72],"directors,":[73],"genres)":[75],"Movie":[78],"Plot":[79],"Synopses":[80],"Tags":[82],"(MPST)":[83],"enrich":[86],"item":[87],"details.":[88],"Using":[89],"Latent":[90],"Dirichlet":[91],"Allocation":[92],"(LDA),":[93],"we":[94],"generate":[95],"topics":[96],"plot":[98],"synopsis":[99],"integrate":[101],"them":[102],"into":[103],"KG":[105,151],"alongside":[106],"other":[107],"features.":[108],"User":[109],"profiles":[110],"developed":[112],"movies":[114],"rated":[115],"<inline-formula":[116,133],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[117,134],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[118,135],"<tex-math":[119,136],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\ge":[120,137],"3.5$":[121],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[122,139],"strengthened":[124],"INTERESTED_IN":[126],"relationships":[127,175],"for":[128],"features":[129],"occurrence":[131],"counts":[132],"2$":[138],"KG.":[142],"We":[143],"implement":[144],"two-hop":[146],"distance":[147],"on":[149,232],"identify":[153],"items":[154,177,215],"semantically":[157],"related":[158],"sufficiently":[160],"distant":[161],"preferences.":[164],"The":[165],"semantic":[166],"richness":[167],"of":[168,173],"KGs":[169],"enables":[170],"exploration":[172],"hidden":[174],"between":[176],"preferences":[180],"overlooked":[181],"conventional":[183],"systems.":[184,227],"Experiments":[185],"demonstrate":[186],"our":[188,208],"significantly":[190],"outperforms":[191],"five":[192],"baseline":[193],"models":[194],"(TF-IDF,":[195],"LDA,":[196],"rTF-IDF,":[197],"rLDA,":[198],"dTF-IDF)":[200],"across":[201],"measures.":[205],"Results":[206],"show":[207],"successfully":[210],"discovers":[211],"without":[216],"sacrificing":[217],"relevance,":[218],"addressing":[219],"overspecialization":[221],"problem":[222],"traditional":[224],"Future":[228],"work":[229],"will":[230],"focus":[231],"graph":[235],"integrating":[237],"it":[238],"more":[240],"contextual":[241],"data,":[242],"providing":[243],"explanations,":[245],"evaluating":[247],"through":[248],"real":[249],"interactions.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}