{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412623418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3592358","title":"Compression-Aware Hybrid Framework for Deep Fake Detection in Low-Quality Video","display_name":"Compression-Aware Hybrid Framework for Deep Fake Detection in Low-Quality Video","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412623418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3592358"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3592358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3592358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3592358","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119061773","display_name":"Lagsoun Abdel Motalib","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119856527","display_name":"Cadi Ayyad University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6nm78","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lagsoun Abdel Motalib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, Networks, and Telecoms (GIRT), Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics, and Communication Systems (MISCOM), National School of Applied Sciences (ENSA), Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco","Department of Computer Sciences, Networks and Telecoms (GIRT), Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Communication Systems (MISCOM), National School of Applied Sciences (ENSA) Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9196-1166","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Networks, and Telecoms (GIRT), Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics, and Communication Systems (MISCOM), National School of Applied Sciences (ENSA), Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Networks and Telecoms (GIRT), Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Communication Systems (MISCOM), National School of Applied Sciences (ENSA) Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Oujaoura Mustapha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119856527","display_name":"Cadi Ayyad University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6nm78","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oujaoura Mustapha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, Networks, and Telecoms (GIRT), Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics, and Communication Systems (MISCOM), National School of Applied Sciences (ENSA), Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco","Department of Computer Sciences, Networks and Telecoms (GIRT), Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Communication Systems (MISCOM), National School of Applied Sciences (ENSA) Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Networks, and Telecoms (GIRT), Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics, and Communication Systems (MISCOM), National School of Applied Sciences (ENSA), Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Networks and Telecoms (GIRT), Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Communication Systems (MISCOM), National School of Applied Sciences (ENSA) Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026127239","display_name":"Mustapha Hedabou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7872-4469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131560","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Mohammed VI Polytechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/03xc55g68","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hedabou Mustapha","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7872-4469","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119061773"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0875,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79656061,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"131980","last_page":"131997"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.792005717754364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.5544843673706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4950462877750397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compression","display_name":"Compression (physics)","score":0.45288917422294617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-quality","display_name":"Video quality","score":0.411964476108551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3753855228424072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3747554123401642}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.792005717754364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.5544843673706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4950462877750397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180016635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2712821","display_name":"Compression (physics)","level":2,"score":0.45288917422294617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103910844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631256","display_name":"Video quality","level":3,"score":0.411964476108551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3753855228424072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3747554123401642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3592358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3592358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b0c122d2d4e844cc80f4fc8306c6e400","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b0c122d2d4e844cc80f4fc8306c6e400","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 131980-131997 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3592358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3592358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043002547","https://openalex.org/W2301937176","https://openalex.org/W2341528187","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2794857359","https://openalex.org/W2883183894","https://openalex.org/W2898877033","https://openalex.org/W2942074357","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2963684180","https://openalex.org/W2982058372","https://openalex.org/W2983315964","https://openalex.org/W2989855043","https://openalex.org/W2998158928","https://openalex.org/W3008823916","https://openalex.org/W3014859719","https://openalex.org/W3034301684","https://openalex.org/W3034371424","https://openalex.org/W3034713808","https://openalex.org/W3043444502","https://openalex.org/W3086623482","https://openalex.org/W3094728142","https://openalex.org/W3101998545","https://openalex.org/W3105104152","https://openalex.org/W3108854358","https://openalex.org/W3124826036","https://openalex.org/W3158766194","https://openalex.org/W3166873596","https://openalex.org/W3174508664","https://openalex.org/W3174656926","https://openalex.org/W3174814557","https://openalex.org/W3174831884","https://openalex.org/W3179508259","https://openalex.org/W3213933678","https://openalex.org/W4284964929","https://openalex.org/W4285401152","https://openalex.org/W4289519668","https://openalex.org/W4304587257","https://openalex.org/W4307784177","https://openalex.org/W4311886258","https://openalex.org/W4312851379","https://openalex.org/W4318751598","https://openalex.org/W4319336828","https://openalex.org/W4375955734","https://openalex.org/W4382318331","https://openalex.org/W4382366051","https://openalex.org/W4385413618","https://openalex.org/W4385943968","https://openalex.org/W4385986617","https://openalex.org/W4387947302","https://openalex.org/W4388328186","https://openalex.org/W4389633690","https://openalex.org/W4389742134","https://openalex.org/W4389897623","https://openalex.org/W4390341229","https://openalex.org/W4392774535","https://openalex.org/W4392948149","https://openalex.org/W4394627369","https://openalex.org/W4394897011","https://openalex.org/W4399138486","https://openalex.org/W4400732561","https://openalex.org/W4403277964","https://openalex.org/W4406457498","https://openalex.org/W4407172089","https://openalex.org/W4409985209","https://openalex.org/W4410798100","https://openalex.org/W4411250235","https://openalex.org/W6728184133","https://openalex.org/W6755772070","https://openalex.org/W6756046522","https://openalex.org/W6757146666","https://openalex.org/W6767264202","https://openalex.org/W6771956660","https://openalex.org/W6776059089","https://openalex.org/W6781480044","https://openalex.org/W6797657831","https://openalex.org/W6798504790","https://openalex.org/W6846689287","https://openalex.org/W6850163494"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388138958","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2779427294","https://openalex.org/W2775347418","https://openalex.org/W2625805835","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2054084867","https://openalex.org/W2612632602","https://openalex.org/W2321805087"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"fakes":[1],"pose":[2],"a":[3,55,74],"growing":[4],"threat":[5],"to":[6,19],"digital":[7],"media":[8,31],"integrity":[9],"by":[10,73],"generating":[11],"highly":[12],"realistic":[13],"fake":[14,42,58,225],"videos":[15],"that":[16,61,153],"are":[17],"difficult":[18],"detect,":[20],"especially":[21],"under":[22,95],"the":[23,38,127,159,190,215],"high":[24,92],"compression":[25,34,133],"levels":[26],"commonly":[27],"used":[28],"on":[29,104,126,162,174],"social":[30],"platforms.":[32],"These":[33,212],"artifacts":[35],"often":[36],"degrade":[37],"performance":[39],"of":[40,217],"deep":[41,57,80,224],"detectors,":[43],"making":[44],"reliable":[45],"detection":[46,59,93,226],"even":[47],"more":[48],"challenging.":[49],"In":[50],"this":[51],"paper,":[52],"we":[53],"propose":[54],"handcrafted":[56,183],"framework":[60,219],"integrates":[62],"wavelet":[63],"transforms":[64],"and":[65,87,107,119,131,135,139,143,201,205,222,229],"Conv3D-based":[66],"spatiotemporal":[67],"descriptors":[68],"for":[69,210,220],"feature":[70],"extraction,":[71],"followed":[72],"lightweight":[75],"ResNet-inspired":[76],"classifier.":[77],"Unlike":[78],"end-to-end":[79],"neural":[81],"networks,":[82],"our":[83,185,218],"method":[84],"emphasizes":[85],"interpretability":[86],"computational":[88],"efficiency,":[89],"while":[90,164],"maintaining":[91],"accuracy":[94,161],"diverse":[96],"real-world":[97],"conditions.":[98],"We":[99],"evaluated":[100],"four":[101],"configurations":[102],"based":[103],"input":[105],"modality":[106],"attention":[108,157,168],"mechanisms:":[109],"RGB":[110,113,154],"with":[111,117],"attention,":[112,115,118],"without":[114,121,156,167],"grayscale":[116,120,165],"attention.":[122],"Experiments":[123],"were":[124],"conducted":[125],"FaceForensics++":[128],"dataset":[129],"(C23":[130],"C40":[132],"levels)":[134],"Celeb-DF":[136,175],"v2":[137],"(C0":[138],"C40),":[140],"across":[141],"intra-":[142],"inter-compression":[144],"settings,":[145],"as":[146,148],"well":[147],"cross-dataset":[149,172],"scenarios.":[150],"Results":[151],"show":[152],"inputs":[155,166],"achieve":[158],"highest":[160],"FaceForensics++,":[163],"perform":[169],"best":[170],"in":[171,227],"evaluations":[173],"v2,":[176],"attaining":[177],"strong":[178],"AUC":[179],"scores.":[180],"Despite":[181],"its":[182],"nature,":[184],"approach":[186],"matches":[187],"or":[188],"surpasses":[189],"existing":[191],"state-of-the-art":[192],"(SOTA)":[193],"methods.":[194],"Grad-CAM":[195],"visualizations":[196],"further":[197],"reveal":[198],"both":[199],"strengths":[200],"failures":[202],"(e.g.,":[203],"occlusion":[204],"misalignment),":[206],"offering":[207],"valuable":[208],"insights":[209],"refinement.":[211],"findings":[213],"underscore":[214],"potential":[216],"efficient":[221],"effective":[223],"low-resource":[228],"real-time":[230],"environments.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}