{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412536336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3591240","title":"A 7-Bit Vector-Sum Phase Shifter for LEO Satellite Communication in 90-Nm CMOS Process","display_name":"A 7-Bit Vector-Sum Phase Shifter for LEO Satellite Communication in 90-Nm CMOS Process","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412536336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3591240"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3591240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3591240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3591240","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hao-Jen Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8759-1709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hao-Jen Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8759-1709","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050553371","display_name":"Hsiao\u2010Chin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4238-6442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsiao-Chin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4238-6442","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pin-Hsuan Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pin-Hsuan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110145098","display_name":"Po-Yen Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-Yen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1388-1168","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21767054,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"129296","last_page":"129304"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9725000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-module","display_name":"Phase shift module","score":0.7059222459793091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.6174162030220032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6056284308433533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5888692736625671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit","display_name":"Bit (key)","score":0.5401043891906738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5294967293739319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.47951939702033997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3896726369857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3822614848613739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.32583993673324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1922166347503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.12306210398674011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.08460596203804016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103864889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480524","display_name":"Phase shift module","level":3,"score":0.7059222459793091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.6174162030220032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6056284308433533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5888692736625671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117011727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1278488","display_name":"Bit (key)","level":2,"score":0.5401043891906738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5294967293739319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.47951939702033997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3896726369857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3822614848613739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.32583993673324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1922166347503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.12306210398674011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.08460596203804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3591240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3591240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:38844da9fe004b919e572aa348f875fd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/38844da9fe004b919e572aa348f875fd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 129296-129304 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3591240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3591240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053994249","https://openalex.org/W2109575238","https://openalex.org/W2131556268","https://openalex.org/W2162756614","https://openalex.org/W2240121644","https://openalex.org/W2511534010","https://openalex.org/W2520978967","https://openalex.org/W2645161951","https://openalex.org/W2770552303","https://openalex.org/W2886242143","https://openalex.org/W2887251701","https://openalex.org/W2996750683","https://openalex.org/W2999039804","https://openalex.org/W3007294621","https://openalex.org/W3044837837","https://openalex.org/W3047844735","https://openalex.org/W3135961049","https://openalex.org/W3141888382","https://openalex.org/W3154083826","https://openalex.org/W3207490111","https://openalex.org/W4214927575","https://openalex.org/W4320015723","https://openalex.org/W4386597442","https://openalex.org/W4387933371"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368851831","https://openalex.org/W2978186478","https://openalex.org/W4232953560","https://openalex.org/W2100867535","https://openalex.org/W2361450273","https://openalex.org/W4327546585","https://openalex.org/W1911569504","https://openalex.org/W2028190576","https://openalex.org/W4206958678","https://openalex.org/W2373343648"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,17,30,115,157],"7-bit":[4],"vector-sum":[5,174],"phase":[6,13,65,96,112,134,159,165,175],"shifter":[7,14,113,135],"for":[8,52,90],"low-earth-orbit":[9],"satellite":[10],"communication.":[11],"The":[12],"consists":[15],"of":[16,86,118,127,188],"differential-type":[18],"quadrature":[19],"all-pass":[20],"filter":[21],"(QAF)":[22],"and":[23,38,66,82,156],"an":[24,137,146,163],"analog":[25],"differential":[26],"vector":[27,39,92],"adder,":[28,93],"where":[29],"matching":[31],"network":[32],"is":[33],"inserted":[34],"between":[35,140,150,167],"the":[36,53,57,79,84,87,91,105,110,124,133,180,185],"QAF":[37,58],"adder":[40],"to":[41,50,63,77,130,143,153,169],"minimize":[42,64],"insertion":[43],"loss":[44],"further.":[45],"Theoretical":[46],"analyses":[47],"are":[48,75],"performed":[49],"account":[51],"loading":[54],"effect":[55],"on":[56],"while":[59,183],"providing":[60],"design":[61],"methodology":[62],"amplitude":[67],"errors.":[68],"Two":[69],"8-bit":[70],"current":[71,81],"digital-to-analog":[72],"converters":[73],"(IDACs)":[74],"used":[76],"supply":[78],"bias":[80],"determine":[83],"weighting":[85],"I/Q":[88],"signals":[89],"enabling":[94],"full-range":[95],"shifting":[97],"with":[98,162,172],"steps":[99],"smaller":[100],"than":[101],"3\u00b0.":[102],"Fabricated":[103],"in":[104],"TSMC":[106],"90-nm":[107],"CMOS":[108],"process,":[109],"digital":[111],"occupies":[114],"chip":[116],"area":[117],"0.63":[119],"mm<sup":[120],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[121],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>.":[122],"Over":[123],"frequency":[125],"band":[126],"27":[128],"GHz":[129],"31":[131],"GHz,":[132],"achieves":[136,179],"average":[138],"gain":[139,148],"0.13":[141],"dB":[142,152],"1.36":[144],"dB,":[145,155],"RMS":[147,164],"error":[149,166],"0.68":[151],"0.9":[154],"high":[158],"shift":[160],"accuracy":[161],"0.18\u00b0":[168],"0.21\u00b0.":[170],"Compared":[171],"other":[173],"shifters,":[176],"this":[177],"work":[178],"highest":[181],"figure-of-merit":[182],"consuming":[184],"lowest":[186],"power":[187],"10":[189],"mW.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}