{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411866978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584551","title":"Multi-Modal Dynamic Fusion for Defect Detection in Electronic Products: A Novel Approach Based on Energy and Deep Learning","display_name":"Multi-Modal Dynamic Fusion for Defect Detection in Electronic Products: A Novel Approach Based on Energy and Deep Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411866978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584551"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3584551","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584551","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584551","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042669834","display_name":"Yeqiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7862-5840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Economics and Management, Business Administration, University of Electronic Science and Technology (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7862-5840","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Economics and Management, Business Administration, University of Electronic Science and Technology (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062102535","display_name":"Yang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9148-8635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Electronics and Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Electronics and Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.2337,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80259995,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"118565","last_page":"118573"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9803000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9674000144004822,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal","display_name":"Modal","score":0.6835017800331116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.6778912544250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6249439716339111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.5073336958885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4496760666370392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.43052002787590027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39456427097320557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.2552931010723114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11870327591896057}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.6835017800331116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.6778912544250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6249439716339111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.5073336958885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4496760666370392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.43052002787590027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39456427097320557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2552931010723114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11870327591896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3584551","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584551","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1527e778cd1841a1bbe5a5be5af24491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1527e778cd1841a1bbe5a5be5af24491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 118565-118573 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3584551","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584551","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053101950","https://openalex.org/W2145308677","https://openalex.org/W2158581396","https://openalex.org/W2164267063","https://openalex.org/W2619383789","https://openalex.org/W2789987342","https://openalex.org/W2792486152","https://openalex.org/W2809734421","https://openalex.org/W2961876792","https://openalex.org/W2964051877","https://openalex.org/W2976851955","https://openalex.org/W2985076077","https://openalex.org/W3009086519","https://openalex.org/W3092466439","https://openalex.org/W3093051361","https://openalex.org/W3093597902","https://openalex.org/W3115466634","https://openalex.org/W3173390795","https://openalex.org/W3185377372","https://openalex.org/W3195969653","https://openalex.org/W3202911331","https://openalex.org/W4367042956","https://openalex.org/W4382934641","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4388522247","https://openalex.org/W4391769909","https://openalex.org/W4392251676","https://openalex.org/W4400244262","https://openalex.org/W4400975126","https://openalex.org/W4401863377","https://openalex.org/W4402636078","https://openalex.org/W4408358295","https://openalex.org/W4409653774","https://openalex.org/W4409882920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2611989081","https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W4230611425","https://openalex.org/W4294635752","https://openalex.org/W4304166257","https://openalex.org/W2132659060","https://openalex.org/W2031992971","https://openalex.org/W3214791684","https://openalex.org/W2152662039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"electronic":[1],"products":[2],"continue":[3],"to":[4,58,77,87,110,134],"evolve":[5],"in":[6,31,145,153],"complexity,":[7],"maintaining":[8],"stringent":[9],"quality":[10,151],"standards":[11],"during":[12],"manufacturing":[13,154],"presents":[14],"mounting":[15],"challenges.":[16],"Conventional":[17],"defect":[18,148],"detection":[19,60,149],"approaches,":[20],"which":[21],"typically":[22],"depend":[23],"on":[24],"a":[25,43],"single":[26],"modality,":[27],"often":[28],"fall":[29],"short":[30],"both":[32],"efficiency":[33],"and":[34,55,81,131,136,150],"reliability.":[35],"To":[36],"address":[37],"these":[38],"shortcomings,":[39],"this":[40,95],"study":[41],"introduces":[42],"dynamic":[44],"multi-modal":[45],"fusion":[46,101],"framework":[47],"that":[48,103,117],"leverages":[49],"data":[50,69],"from":[51],"sensors,":[52],"visual":[53],"imagery,":[54],"component":[56],"attributes":[57],"enhance":[59],"performance.":[61],"Specifically,":[62],"Transformer":[63],"architectures":[64],"are":[65,75,85],"employed":[66],"for":[67],"sensor":[68],"analysis,":[70],"Convolutional":[71],"Neural":[72],"Networks":[73],"(CNNs)":[74],"applied":[76],"process":[78],"image":[79],"data,":[80],"Multi-Layer":[82],"Perceptrons":[83],"(MLPs)":[84],"used":[86],"represent":[88],"part-level":[89],"features.":[90],"A":[91],"distinguishing":[92],"element":[93],"of":[94],"approach":[96],"is":[97],"an":[98],"energy-based":[99],"late-stage":[100],"mechanism":[102],"adaptively":[104],"modulates":[105],"each":[106],"modality\u2019s":[107],"influence":[108],"according":[109],"its":[111],"uncertainty":[112],"level.":[113],"Empirical":[114],"evaluations":[115],"demonstrate":[116],"the":[118,142],"proposed":[119],"model":[120],"achieves":[121],"superior":[122],"results":[123],"across":[124],"multiple":[125],"performance":[126],"metrics\u2014including":[127],"accuracy,":[128],"precision,":[129],"recall,":[130],"F1":[132],"score\u2014compared":[133],"conventional":[135],"unimodal":[137],"systems.":[138],"These":[139],"findings":[140],"underscore":[141],"model\u2019s":[143],"potential":[144],"advancing":[146],"practical":[147],"assurance":[152],"environments.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
