{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411798882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584401","title":"Using Cough Sounds for the Recognition of Multiclass Respiratory Diseases With Artificial Intelligence: A Review","display_name":"Using Cough Sounds for the Recognition of Multiclass Respiratory Diseases With Artificial Intelligence: A Review","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411798882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584401"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3584401","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584401","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Peng-Fei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8388-0993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peng-Fei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8388-0993","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045149769","display_name":"Hua-Nong Ting","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6295-1651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua-Nong Ting","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6295-1651","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038757453","display_name":"Siow\u2010Wee Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7038-6170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33849332","display_name":"University of Malaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00rzspn62","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siow-Wee Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioinformatics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","Faculty of Science, Bioinformatics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7038-6170","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioinformatics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science, Bioinformatics Programme, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33849332"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23915106,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"114318","last_page":"114345"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12418","display_name":"Respiratory and Cough-Related Research","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12418","display_name":"Respiratory and Cough-Related Research","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13289","display_name":"Infant Health and Development","score":0.9767000079154968,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3611","display_name":"Pharmacy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6055375337600708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-sounds","display_name":"Respiratory sounds","score":0.5548921227455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-system","display_name":"Respiratory system","score":0.4681045711040497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45559999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4366745948791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiclass-classification","display_name":"Multiclass classification","score":0.4145657420158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.27343153953552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.10893034934997559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.09514155983924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma","display_name":"Asthma","score":0.07791078090667725}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6055375337600708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779038","display_name":"Respiratory sounds","level":3,"score":0.5548921227455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534529494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7891","display_name":"Respiratory system","level":2,"score":0.4681045711040497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45559999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4366745948791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123860398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934605","display_name":"Multiclass classification","level":3,"score":0.4145657420158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.27343153953552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.10893034934997559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.09514155983924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.07791078090667725}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3584401","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:77b556445447471bbef5c1da04790777","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/77b556445447471bbef5c1da04790777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 114318-114345 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3584401","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":220,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W320350441","https://openalex.org/W1517477593","https://openalex.org/W1647288585","https://openalex.org/W1888374534","https://openalex.org/W1988251340","https://openalex.org/W2007830001","https://openalex.org/W2029459011","https://openalex.org/W2048826248","https://openalex.org/W2053276417","https://openalex.org/W2059217871","https://openalex.org/W2059506903","https://openalex.org/W2085135962","https://openalex.org/W2085901068","https://openalex.org/W2096049976","https://openalex.org/W2099592842","https://openalex.org/W2109247912","https://openalex.org/W2122222835","https://openalex.org/W2141008356","https://openalex.org/W2150306018","https://openalex.org/W2158400027","https://openalex.org/W2166561349","https://openalex.org/W2265744734","https://openalex.org/W2338075986","https://openalex.org/W2411334681","https://openalex.org/W2476245094","https://openalex.org/W2544836728","https://openalex.org/W2592353326","https://openalex.org/W2757007264","https://openalex.org/W2767696692","https://openalex.org/W2893591399","https://openalex.org/W2898627833","https://openalex.org/W2903811192","https://openalex.org/W2907163580","https://openalex.org/W2914680699","https://openalex.org/W2931364255","https://openalex.org/W2948751094","https://openalex.org/W2951942899","https://openalex.org/W2959687571","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2969881216","https://openalex.org/W2971398349","https://openalex.org/W2971616138","https://openalex.org/W2980041360","https://openalex.org/W2988299514","https://openalex.org/W2992147743","https://openalex.org/W3000795845","https://openalex.org/W3011076252","https://openalex.org/W3012125924","https://openalex.org/W3015034944","https://openalex.org/W3015597694","https://openalex.org/W3015791598","https://openalex.org/W3022956976","https://openalex.org/W3030401319","https://openalex.org/W3030588587","https://openalex.org/W3034421924","https://openalex.org/W3080599134","https://openalex.org/W3081858622","https://openalex.org/W3082059448","https://openalex.org/W3084055012","https://openalex.org/W3088067841","https://openalex.org/W3102927640","https://openalex.org/W3112200823","https://openalex.org/W3122794187","https://openalex.org/W3128311479","https://openalex.org/W3132012119","https://openalex.org/W3132788024","https://openalex.org/W3136176646","https://openalex.org/W3136907493","https://openalex.org/W3136960503","https://openalex.org/W3139752690","https://openalex.org/W3157670534","https://openalex.org/W3161975008","https://openalex.org/W3162243163","https://openalex.org/W3162506316","https://openalex.org/W3163384138","https://openalex.org/W3163820877","https://openalex.org/W3172444956","https://openalex.org/W3174786846","https://openalex.org/W3175382607","https://openalex.org/W3182764154","https://openalex.org/W3183053987","https://openalex.org/W3188019074","https://openalex.org/W3193775699","https://openalex.org/W3193859452","https://openalex.org/W3196853979","https://openalex.org/W3197597428","https://openalex.org/W3198066218","https://openalex.org/W3198112930","https://openalex.org/W3198351537","https://openalex.org/W3201014845","https://openalex.org/W3204410862","https://openalex.org/W3209452517","https://openalex.org/W3214514486","https://openalex.org/W3214552921","https://openalex.org/W4200174596","https://openalex.org/W4200219333","https://openalex.org/W4200380626","https://openalex.org/W4200383170","https://openalex.org/W4205278735","https://openalex.org/W4206154777","https://openalex.org/W4210895972","https://openalex.org/W4220666538","https://openalex.org/W4220755436","https://openalex.org/W4221067969","https://openalex.org/W4221163652","https://openalex.org/W4224253409","https://openalex.org/W4280533310","https://openalex.org/W4280594094","https://openalex.org/W4281385220","https://openalex.org/W4283214787","https://openalex.org/W4285283834","https://openalex.org/W4285336304","https://openalex.org/W4285604868","https://openalex.org/W4288437714","https://openalex.org/W4290059268","https://openalex.org/W4291825997","https://openalex.org/W4293525840","https://openalex.org/W4294750626","https://openalex.org/W4294975502","https://openalex.org/W4295308403","https://openalex.org/W4295767721","https://openalex.org/W4295777491","https://openalex.org/W4297261054","https://openalex.org/W4300963162","https://openalex.org/W4304116665","https://openalex.org/W4304589872","https://openalex.org/W4304780893","https://openalex.org/W4307413002","https://openalex.org/W4312198972","https://openalex.org/W4313134553","https://openalex.org/W4317542939","https://openalex.org/W4318302266","https://openalex.org/W4319166277","https://openalex.org/W4319874299","https://openalex.org/W4321611685","https://openalex.org/W4321760702","https://openalex.org/W4322704677","https://openalex.org/W4323668699","https://openalex.org/W4327521077","https://openalex.org/W4327743697","https://openalex.org/W4360613656","https://openalex.org/W4360996299","https://openalex.org/W4366588811","https://openalex.org/W4367333153","https://openalex.org/W4376604645","https://openalex.org/W4378085558","https://openalex.org/W4379769441","https://openalex.org/W4380368731","https://openalex.org/W4381233011","https://openalex.org/W4384460026","https://openalex.org/W4384461149","https://openalex.org/W4385647277","https://openalex.org/W4385739769","https://openalex.org/W4386692426","https://openalex.org/W4387099473","https://openalex.org/W4387469059","https://openalex.org/W4387490083","https://openalex.org/W4387491759","https://openalex.org/W4388296416","https://openalex.org/W4388599232","https://openalex.org/W4388911990","https://openalex.org/W4388937706","https://openalex.org/W4389169773","https://openalex.org/W4389917623","https://openalex.org/W4389942621","https://openalex.org/W4390143342","https://openalex.org/W4390357700","https://openalex.org/W4390450428","https://openalex.org/W4390481730","https://openalex.org/W4390616418","https://openalex.org/W4390628736","https://openalex.org/W4390829176","https://openalex.org/W4391563946","https://openalex.org/W4391589360","https://openalex.org/W4391752468","https://openalex.org/W4392131573","https://openalex.org/W4392233324","https://openalex.org/W4392265715","https://openalex.org/W4392293265","https://openalex.org/W4392408850","https://openalex.org/W4392716342","https://openalex.org/W4392741075","https://openalex.org/W4393925377","https://openalex.org/W4394690407","https://openalex.org/W4395067202","https://openalex.org/W4396628222","https://openalex.org/W4396709381","https://openalex.org/W4396980303","https://openalex.org/W4399160182","https://openalex.org/W4399355304","https://openalex.org/W4399728346","https://openalex.org/W4400076155","https://openalex.org/W4400126525","https://openalex.org/W4400257484","https://openalex.org/W4400801414","https://openalex.org/W4401023891","https://openalex.org/W4403212870","https://openalex.org/W4403487228","https://openalex.org/W4403555798","https://openalex.org/W4403599771","https://openalex.org/W4403938615","https://openalex.org/W4404036431","https://openalex.org/W4404187078","https://openalex.org/W4404681703","https://openalex.org/W4405489649","https://openalex.org/W4405491593","https://openalex.org/W4406236334","https://openalex.org/W4406499949","https://openalex.org/W4407519148","https://openalex.org/W4407837783","https://openalex.org/W6628897660","https://openalex.org/W6747468998","https://openalex.org/W6748163181","https://openalex.org/W6748349539","https://openalex.org/W6769222811","https://openalex.org/W6769470841","https://openalex.org/W6781905506","https://openalex.org/W6786200527","https://openalex.org/W6801643402","https://openalex.org/W6801976681"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389815730","https://openalex.org/W1537592868","https://openalex.org/W2470590370","https://openalex.org/W2215801697","https://openalex.org/W2144252306","https://openalex.org/W3150942535","https://openalex.org/W2385742154","https://openalex.org/W1992392048","https://openalex.org/W3188962172","https://openalex.org/W2885818221"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,117],"multi-class":[1,25,84,115,124,167],"identification":[2],"of":[3,17,32,40,52,79],"respiratory":[4,18,65,85],"diseases":[5],"based":[6],"on":[7,103],"cough":[8,33,41,111,125,142],"sounds":[9],"plays":[10],"a":[11,36,93],"critical":[12],"role":[13],"in":[14,139],"the":[15,50,58,100,152],"diagnosis":[16],"conditions.":[19],"Compared":[20],"to":[21,61,98],"traditional":[22],"auscultation":[23],"methods,":[24],"techniques":[26,109],"integrate":[27],"various":[28],"deep-level":[29],"disease":[30,86],"features":[31],"sounds,":[34],"enabling":[35],"more":[37],"comprehensive":[38],"capture":[39],"characteristics":[42],"associated":[43],"with":[44,151],"specific":[45],"diseases,":[46],"thereby":[47],"effectively":[48],"reducing":[49],"risk":[51],"misdiagnosis.":[53],"Furthermore,":[54],"multiclass":[55],"classification":[56],"enhances":[57],"system\u2019s":[59],"ability":[60],"differentiate":[62],"among":[63],"multiple":[64],"conditions,":[66],"significantly":[67],"improving":[68],"diagnostic":[69],"accuracy":[70],"and":[71,133,145,154,162],"robustness.":[72],"This":[73],"study":[74,118],"provides":[75],"an":[76],"in-depth":[77],"examination":[78],"artificial":[80],"intelligence-driven":[81],"methodologies":[82],"for":[83,114,123,166],"recognition.":[87],"We":[88],"reviewed":[89],"19":[90],"articles":[91],"from":[92],"5-year":[94],"open-access":[95],"literature":[96],"database":[97],"summarize":[99],"current":[101],"research":[102,156],"diagnosing":[104],"voice-affecting":[105],"disorders":[106],"through":[107],"AI":[108,121,140],"using":[110],"sound":[112],"samples":[113],"classification.":[116],"also":[119],"covers":[120],"workflows":[122],"recognition,":[126],"including":[127],"datasets,":[128],"feature":[129],"extraction":[130],"techniques,":[131],"models,":[132],"evaluation":[134],"metrics.":[135],"Additionally,":[136],"recent":[137],"advancements":[138],"technologies,":[141],"monitoring":[143],"applications,":[144],"wearable":[146],"devices":[147],"are":[148],"discussed,":[149],"along":[150],"challenges":[153],"future":[155],"directions":[157],"aimed":[158],"at":[159],"developing":[160],"robust":[161],"universally":[163],"applicable":[164],"solutions":[165],"diagnosis.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}