{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411798877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584259","title":"Copolar Synchronous Switching Method for BLDC Motor Control in EV Application","display_name":"Copolar Synchronous Switching Method for BLDC Motor Control in EV Application","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411798877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584259"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3584259","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584259","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046637765","display_name":"Yueh-Tsung Shieh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5660-3167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yueh-Tsung Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7495-9351","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gang-Ting Liou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang-Ting Liou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008546508","display_name":"Shyr-Long Jeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7367-7520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50519452","display_name":"Lunghwa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/001y2wd07","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50519452"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shyr-Long Jeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50519452"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061300393","display_name":"Wei-Hua Chieng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9207-2735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Hua Chieng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9207-2735","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050241247","display_name":"Jih\u2010Sheng Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2315-8460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jih-Sheng Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2315-8460","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013545831","display_name":"Edward Yi Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1616-5240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward-Yi Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1616-5240","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046637765"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.6252,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70601952,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"116729","last_page":"116744"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6437755823135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5646318793296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-motor","display_name":"Synchronous motor","score":0.5299038887023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3609046936035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3436961770057678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2180478870868683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.17218422889709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11286535859107971}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6437755823135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5646318793296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71376005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845675","display_name":"Synchronous motor","level":2,"score":0.5299038887023926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3609046936035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3436961770057678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2180478870868683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.17218422889709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11286535859107971}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3584259","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/141548","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10919/141548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d028c59f4a6546ef95eaeff927ba2ecb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d028c59f4a6546ef95eaeff927ba2ecb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 116729-116744 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3584259","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3584259","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2726659001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSTC 112-2221-E-A49-073","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5823292064","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSTC 112-2622-8-A49-013-SB","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00wnb9798"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2094003248","https://openalex.org/W2097100823","https://openalex.org/W2132493221","https://openalex.org/W2603707148","https://openalex.org/W2756373165","https://openalex.org/W3001742634","https://openalex.org/W3010191184","https://openalex.org/W3049447259","https://openalex.org/W3088464190","https://openalex.org/W3092258963","https://openalex.org/W3092565262","https://openalex.org/W3099238788","https://openalex.org/W3108329659","https://openalex.org/W3126503068","https://openalex.org/W3199970934","https://openalex.org/W3200128229","https://openalex.org/W3211219997","https://openalex.org/W3217352859","https://openalex.org/W4240285046","https://openalex.org/W4247375352","https://openalex.org/W4285124107","https://openalex.org/W4285278316","https://openalex.org/W4317881470","https://openalex.org/W4361273872","https://openalex.org/W4387149036","https://openalex.org/W4387624021","https://openalex.org/W4387706139","https://openalex.org/W4388726330","https://openalex.org/W4392007266","https://openalex.org/W4399274194"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,19],"paper":[1,133],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,138],"new":[4],"PWM":[5],"switching":[6,40,48,55,86,90],"method,":[7],"called":[8],"copolar":[9,85],"switching,":[10,28],"for":[11,93],"synchronous":[12],"rectification":[13],"in":[14,35,117,131],"brushless":[15],"DC":[16],"motors":[17],"(BLDC).":[18],"method-integrates":[20],"the":[21,30,110,124],"benefits":[22],"of":[23,65],"both":[24],"unipolar":[25,89],"and":[26,47,96],"bipolar":[27,54,99],"addressing":[29],"efficiency":[31,57,140],"trade-off":[32],"commonly":[33],"observed":[34],"low-resistance":[36],"BLDC":[37],"drives.":[38],"Unipolar":[39],"is":[41],"known":[42],"to":[43,62,77,98,104,109,122],"reduce":[44],"current":[45],"ripple":[46],"losses":[49],"at":[50,91,101],"low":[51],"speeds,":[52],"while":[53],"enhances":[56],"during":[58],"high-speed":[59],"operation":[60],"due":[61],"faster":[63],"recovery":[64],"freewheeling":[66],"current.":[67],"However,":[68],"most":[69],"existing":[70],"methods":[71],"statically":[72],"adopt":[73],"one":[74],"scheme,":[75],"leading":[76],"suboptimal":[78],"performance":[79],"across":[80],"variable-speed":[81],"conditions.":[82],"The":[83,128],"proposed":[84],"method":[87],"combines":[88],"zero-speed":[92],"ripple-free":[94],"conduction,":[95],"switches":[97],"mode":[100],"higher":[102],"speeds":[103],"enable":[105],"rapid":[106],"energy":[107],"feedback":[108],"source.":[111],"Therefore,":[112],"it":[113],"can":[114],"be":[115,137],"used":[116],"electric":[118],"vehicles":[119],"(EV)":[120],"applications":[121],"increase":[123],"average":[125],"power":[126],"efficiency.":[127],"EV":[129],"simulation":[130],"this":[132],"identified":[134],"there":[135],"could":[136],"5%":[139],"improvement.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
