{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411550982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3582537","title":"Dealing With Heterogeneous Information in Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making Problems: A Comprehensive Design Framework","display_name":"Dealing With Heterogeneous Information in Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making Problems: A Comprehensive Design Framework","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411550982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3582537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3582537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3582537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3582537","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036191852","display_name":"Matheus Pereira Lib\u00f3rio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1411-0553"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43526919","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros","ror":"https://ror.org/01hewbk46","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43526919"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matheus Pereira Lib\u00f3rio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program in Computational Modeling and Systems, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil","Montes Claros, State University of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Computational Modeling and Systems, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43526919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montes Claros, State University of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43526919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089269047","display_name":"Petr Ekel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6372-2316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170935008","display_name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/03j1rr444","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170935008"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petr Ekel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil","Belo Horizonte, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170935008"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Belo Horizonte, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170935008"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076791013","display_name":"Marcos Fl\u00e1vio Silveira Vasconcelos D\u2019\u00c2ngelo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-3397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43526919","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros","ror":"https://ror.org/01hewbk46","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43526919"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcos Fl\u00e1vio Silveira Vasconcelos D\u2019Angelo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Program in Computational Modeling and Systems, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil","Montes Claros, State University of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Computational Modeling and Systems, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43526919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montes Claros, State University of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43526919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009797333","display_name":"Luis Mart\u0131\u0301nez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4245-8813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125068653","display_name":"IE University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jjdwm75","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125068653"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191420491","display_name":"Universidad de Ja\u00e9n","ror":"https://ror.org/0122p5f64","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Mart\u00ednez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain","University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125068653"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003799782","display_name":"Witold Pedrycz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9335-9930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Witold Pedrycz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036191852"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43526919"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.0204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9600042,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"114444","last_page":"114459"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14260","display_name":"Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and Society","score":0.09989999979734421,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14260","display_name":"Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and Society","score":0.09989999979734421,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14420","display_name":"Advanced Research in Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.09589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.09279999881982803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7359694242477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-decision-making","display_name":"Group decision-making","score":0.6688265800476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.5061346888542175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.3553035855293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.35268867015838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07647472620010376}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7359694242477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20701700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q388791","display_name":"Group decision-making","level":2,"score":0.6688265800476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.5061346888542175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3553035855293274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35268867015838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07647472620010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3582537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3582537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:03081a96756648769feb86475b9a03fa","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/03081a96756648769feb86475b9a03fa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 114444-114459 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3582537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3582537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G188922185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"407180/2023-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334753","funder_display_name":"National Council for Forest Research and Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2569950501","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"APQ-00691-23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322980","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3960753042","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"311922/2021-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","funder_display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4269052360","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"402464/2024-9","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334753","funder_display_name":"National Council for Forest Research and Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4283411507","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"311922/2021-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334753","funder_display_name":"National Council for Forest Research and Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4583824293","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"APQ-00526-24","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322980","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5688993633","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"308265/2022-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334753","funder_display_name":"National Council for Forest Research and Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5808975701","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"APQ-06290-24e","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322980","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6489637137","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PPE-00087-24","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322980","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7532422646","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"402464/2024-9","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","funder_display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7590306881","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"407180/2023-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","funder_display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7678977470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"APQ-01042-23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322980","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8364674892","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"APQ 01157-24","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322980","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322980","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/00nc55f03"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334753","display_name":"National Council for Forest Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/008gjgb19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96194279","https://openalex.org/W1570529353","https://openalex.org/W1583858243","https://openalex.org/W1590762254","https://openalex.org/W1604473041","https://openalex.org/W1832641416","https://openalex.org/W1967180328","https://openalex.org/W1971875039","https://openalex.org/W1972529917","https://openalex.org/W1973104643","https://openalex.org/W1975335840","https://openalex.org/W1976377116","https://openalex.org/W1981107087","https://openalex.org/W1998727435","https://openalex.org/W2002669531","https://openalex.org/W2003559041","https://openalex.org/W2012844745","https://openalex.org/W2014984059","https://openalex.org/W2020407132","https://openalex.org/W2028991375","https://openalex.org/W2032391665","https://openalex.org/W2035146377","https://openalex.org/W2040359018","https://openalex.org/W2041786371","https://openalex.org/W2043162489","https://openalex.org/W2049275286","https://openalex.org/W2050262998","https://openalex.org/W2051127073","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2057932415","https://openalex.org/W2060907774","https://openalex.org/W2067103692","https://openalex.org/W2070390781","https://openalex.org/W2075843680","https://openalex.org/W2081918108","https://openalex.org/W2091241831","https://openalex.org/W2098527797","https://openalex.org/W2106336702","https://openalex.org/W2133943399","https://openalex.org/W2137911902","https://openalex.org/W2150220236","https://openalex.org/W2157339075","https://openalex.org/W2164711537","https://openalex.org/W2167510151","https://openalex.org/W2167620730","https://openalex.org/W2167853906","https://openalex.org/W2168867141","https://openalex.org/W2321080325","https://openalex.org/W2341764876","https://openalex.org/W2345960756","https://openalex.org/W2399422713","https://openalex.org/W2470944491","https://openalex.org/W2599784308","https://openalex.org/W2766811560","https://openalex.org/W2783489174","https://openalex.org/W2907159349","https://openalex.org/W2913836843","https://openalex.org/W2967756895","https://openalex.org/W2972094994","https://openalex.org/W3033058385","https://openalex.org/W3126212998","https://openalex.org/W3135355984","https://openalex.org/W3154669616","https://openalex.org/W3155000562","https://openalex.org/W3155243001","https://openalex.org/W3157308065","https://openalex.org/W3164792471","https://openalex.org/W3186625385","https://openalex.org/W3211668149","https://openalex.org/W4206351695","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4240596782","https://openalex.org/W4290841274","https://openalex.org/W4299959846","https://openalex.org/W4361306765","https://openalex.org/W4385807779","https://openalex.org/W4386225890","https://openalex.org/W4386964423","https://openalex.org/W4388765024","https://openalex.org/W4392865096","https://openalex.org/W4400335893","https://openalex.org/W4401275662","https://openalex.org/W4401670253","https://openalex.org/W4406802076","https://openalex.org/W4407023735","https://openalex.org/W4408017309","https://openalex.org/W4408312899","https://openalex.org/W4408725530","https://openalex.org/W4408891933"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2014786470","https://openalex.org/W2077860847"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"provides":[2],"a":[3,88,107,127,162,175,197],"comprehensive":[4],"review":[5],"of":[6,116,149,205,218,224,234],"the":[7,18,41,52,62,82,114,117,147,155,186,206,216,222,228],"literature":[8],"on":[9],"group":[10,101],"decision-making":[11],"with":[12,96],"heterogeneous":[13,97],"information,":[14],"aiming":[15],"to":[16,34,80,112,144,184,248],"map":[17],"main":[19,42],"characteristics":[20],"in":[21,61,73,99,169],"this":[22],"field,":[23],"pointing":[24],"out":[25],"gaps,":[26],"and":[27,32,58,70,78,85,91,125,141,167,191,196],"suggesting":[28],"new":[29,76,142,156],"promising":[30],"approaches":[31,77],"methods":[33,79],"overcome":[35,81],"current":[36],"limitations.":[37,86],"The":[38,67,203],"research":[39,43,68],"reveals":[40],"front":[44],"directions,":[45],"key":[46],"authors,":[47],"most":[48,53],"common":[49],"application":[50],"areas,":[51],"frequently":[54],"used":[55],"preference":[56,118,214],"formats,":[57],"aggregation":[59,177],"schemes":[60],"existing":[63,140],"studies":[64],"are":[65,200],"discussed.":[66],"innovation":[69],"originality":[71],"lie":[72],"developing":[74],"five":[75],"identified":[83],"gaps":[84],"First,":[87],"transparent,":[89],"comprehensive,":[90],"intuitive":[92],"framework":[93,137],"for":[94,131,138],"dealing":[95],"information":[98],"multi-criteria":[100],"decision":[102],"problems":[103],"is":[104,110,152,160],"proposed.":[105],"Second,":[106],"standardization":[108],"scheme":[109,178],"introduced":[111],"define":[113],"name":[115],"format":[119,151,163],"when":[120],"it":[121],"has":[122],"many":[123],"names":[124],"establish":[126],"standard":[128],"naming":[129],"structure":[130,148],"all":[132],"formats.":[133],"Third,":[134],"an":[135],"easy-to-follow":[136],"categorizing":[139],"formats":[143],"facilitate":[145],"understanding":[146],"each":[150],"studied.":[153],"Fourth,":[154],"\u201crelational":[157],"ordered":[158,180,213],"preference\u201d":[159],"introduced,":[161],"that":[164,211,241],"increases":[165,215],"agility":[166],"accuracy":[168,217],"alternative":[170],"assessments.":[171,193],"Fifth,":[172],"we":[173],"introduce":[174],"pioneering":[176],"(consensus-based":[179],"weighted":[181],"averaging":[182],"operator)":[183],"maximize":[185],"consensus":[187,235,249],"level":[188],"between":[189],"individual":[190],"collective":[192],"An":[194],"illustrative":[195],"real-world":[198],"example":[199,204],"also":[201],"provided.":[202],"governance":[207],"composite":[208],"indicator":[209],"shows":[210],"relational":[212],"assessments":[219],"and,":[220],"consequently,":[221],"degree":[223],"consensus.":[225],"In":[226],"turn,":[227],"consensus-based":[229],"approach":[230],"achieved":[231],"higher":[232],"degrees":[233],"than":[236,250],"extreme":[237],"value":[238],"reductions,":[239],"indicating":[240],"preserving":[242,251],"more":[243,247],"convergent":[244],"opinions":[245],"contributes":[246],"intermediate":[252],"opinions.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}