{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411171735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578462","title":"Automated Ultrasound Diagnosis via CLIP-GPT Synergy: A Multimodal Framework for Image Classification and Report Generation","display_name":"Automated Ultrasound Diagnosis via CLIP-GPT Synergy: A Multimodal Framework for Image Classification and Report Generation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411171735","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578462"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3578462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578462","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020471625","display_name":"Yan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9079-8826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9079-8826","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111231017","display_name":"Xiaodong Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102414","display_name":"Medical Center Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01e2a5576","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102414"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodong Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China","Ultrasound Diagnosis & Treatment Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ultrasound Diagnosis & Treatment Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026889053","display_name":"Y.P. Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaotian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Cyberspace Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5248-1242","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Cyberspace Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022626771","display_name":"Xuan Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Cyberspace Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2775-3536","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Cyberspace Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404159","display_name":"Qing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0587-1748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102414","display_name":"Medical Center Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01e2a5576","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102414"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China","Ultrasound Diagnosis & Treatment Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102414"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ultrasound Diagnosis & Treatment Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gang Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2305-6870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Cyberspace Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2305-6870","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Cyberspace Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.792,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90760565,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"107950","last_page":"107960"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.6898000240325928,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.6898000240325928,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.6546000242233276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.6348000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7068372964859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound","display_name":"Ultrasound","score":0.5037514567375183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4627380967140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45875880122184753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3316776156425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.3291512131690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1546303927898407}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7068372964859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.5037514567375183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4627380967140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45875880122184753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3316776156425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3291512131690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1546303927898407}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3578462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3f7c7fcf17ff44b9bdc74726830269bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3f7c7fcf17ff44b9bdc74726830269bf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 107950-107960 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3578462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5070812094","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-YBSF-121","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2971649496","https://openalex.org/W3108724609","https://openalex.org/W3124938033","https://openalex.org/W3128513378","https://openalex.org/W3133120667","https://openalex.org/W3134329288","https://openalex.org/W4205209449","https://openalex.org/W4210717628","https://openalex.org/W4211031152","https://openalex.org/W4214701159","https://openalex.org/W4288685128","https://openalex.org/W4293155294","https://openalex.org/W4293778995","https://openalex.org/W4308327397","https://openalex.org/W4310861047","https://openalex.org/W4313585481","https://openalex.org/W4382763281","https://openalex.org/W4385277032","https://openalex.org/W4386413468","https://openalex.org/W4386648688","https://openalex.org/W4386693652","https://openalex.org/W4386913158","https://openalex.org/W4388145633","https://openalex.org/W4388551076","https://openalex.org/W4390670395","https://openalex.org/W4391097126","https://openalex.org/W4391347933","https://openalex.org/W4391556976","https://openalex.org/W4392131573","https://openalex.org/W4401244789","https://openalex.org/W4402732881","https://openalex.org/W4402775923","https://openalex.org/W4403828470","https://openalex.org/W4404193542","https://openalex.org/W4404473371","https://openalex.org/W4405010393","https://openalex.org/W6809831610","https://openalex.org/W6859580620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"a":[1,43,73,90,118],"crucial":[2],"non-invasive":[3],"imaging":[4],"modality":[5],"in":[6,27,99],"clinical":[7,126,153],"diagnosis,":[8],"ultrasound":[9,63],"interpretation":[10],"faces":[11],"challenges":[12],"of":[13,21,68],"subjectivity":[14],"and":[15,30,57,103,133],"inefficiency.":[16],"To":[17],"address":[18],"the":[19],"limitations":[20],"traditional":[22],"single-modal":[23],"deep":[24],"learning":[25,49],"models":[26],"cross-modal":[28,80,119],"alignment":[29],"structured":[31,91],"text":[32],"generation,":[33],"this":[34],"study":[35,141],"proposes":[36],"an":[37,62,143],"intelligent":[38,156],"analysis":[39],"system":[40],"based":[41],"on":[42],"CLIP-GPT":[44],"joint":[45],"framework,":[46],"integrating":[47],"contrastive":[48],"with":[50],"generative":[51],"pre-training":[52],"for":[53,147,155],"end-to-end":[54],"image":[55,149],"classification":[56,100],"diagnostic":[58,157],"report":[59,92,104],"generation.":[60],"Utilizing":[61],"dataset":[64],"containing":[65],"six":[66],"types":[67],"liver":[69],"lesions,":[70],"we":[71],"implement":[72],"multi-stage":[74],"training":[75],"strategy:":[76],"first":[77],"establishing":[78],"visual-semantic":[79],"mapping":[81],"through":[82],"CLIP,":[83],"followed":[84],"by":[85],"fine-tuning":[86],"GPT-3.5":[87],"to":[88,112],"construct":[89],"generator.":[93],"Experimental":[94],"results":[95],"demonstrate":[96],"superior":[97],"performance":[98],"accuracy":[101],"(96.4%)":[102],"generation":[105],"quality":[106],"(ROUGE-L":[107],"41.2,":[108],"BLEU-4":[109],"32.5)":[110],"compared":[111],"conventional":[113],"models.":[114],"Key":[115],"innovations":[116],"include:":[117],"feature":[120],"decoupling-recombination":[121],"mechanism":[122],"bridging":[123],"semantic":[124],"gaps,":[125],"guideline-driven":[127],"hierarchical":[128],"templates":[129],"ensuring":[130],"professional":[131],"standardization,":[132],"dynamic":[134],"attention":[135],"strategies":[136],"enhancing":[137],"lesion":[138],"discrimination.":[139],"This":[140],"provides":[142],"interpretable":[144],"multimodal":[145],"solution":[146],"medical":[148],"analysis,":[150],"offering":[151],"significant":[152],"value":[154],"systems.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}