{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411142887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578077","title":"The Global Element Method for Three- Dimensional Potential Problems","display_name":"The Global Element Method for Three- Dimensional Potential Problems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411142887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578077"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3578077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578077","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100724560","display_name":"Xinrong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-3573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinrong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-6796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-6796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044754986","display_name":"Y. L. Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7649-4647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119203015","display_name":"Shandong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mr3ar13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaoming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7649-4647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100724560"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119203015"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13363299,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"104791","last_page":"104798"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10514","display_name":"Numerical methods in engineering","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10514","display_name":"Numerical methods in engineering","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10339","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Methods in Computational Mathematics","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11263","display_name":"Electromagnetic Simulation and Numerical Methods","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5573453903198242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/element","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","score":0.4755513370037079}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5573453903198242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200288055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621792","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","level":2,"score":0.4755513370037079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3578077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bee7c1c7d2264171be9d249646a5cf92","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bee7c1c7d2264171be9d249646a5cf92","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 104791-104798 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3578077","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3578077","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7377277470","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12172201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963932396","https://openalex.org/W1965885359","https://openalex.org/W1971641907","https://openalex.org/W1975720513","https://openalex.org/W1991280488","https://openalex.org/W2052556066","https://openalex.org/W2060899499","https://openalex.org/W2066085685","https://openalex.org/W2069284881","https://openalex.org/W2077353775","https://openalex.org/W2090718871","https://openalex.org/W2109598992","https://openalex.org/W2116450895","https://openalex.org/W2119706809","https://openalex.org/W2133051347","https://openalex.org/W2139126382","https://openalex.org/W2140348774","https://openalex.org/W2143071373","https://openalex.org/W2151154154","https://openalex.org/W2291114278","https://openalex.org/W2462619168","https://openalex.org/W2580100052","https://openalex.org/W2983376838","https://openalex.org/W2991682289","https://openalex.org/W3088798054","https://openalex.org/W3126997507"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,163],"presents":[2],"the":[3,29,40,48,53,56,61,73,76,79,85,91,111,114,117,130,133,141,152,162,181,192],"Global":[4,183],"Element":[5,184],"Method":[6,185],"(GEM)":[7],"for":[8,93,151],"solving":[9],"three-dimensional":[10],"potential":[11],"problems.":[12],"Compared":[13],"to":[14,35],"traditional":[15],"boundary":[16,30,37,54,98,107,123,134,169,176],"element":[17],"methods,":[18],"this":[19,69,156,160],"approach":[20],"offers":[21],"significant":[22],"advantages.":[23],"Conventional":[24],"methods":[25],"typically":[26],"require":[27],"discretizing":[28],"into":[31],"numerous":[32],"local":[33],"elements":[34],"approximate":[36],"functions,":[38],"whereas":[39],"GEM":[41,115],"adopts":[42],"a":[43,105,120,145,165],"novel":[44],"strategy:":[45],"it":[46,104],"selects":[47],"largest":[49],"possible":[50],"portion":[51],"of":[52,68,78,97,113,119,155,173],"as":[55],"integration":[57],"element,":[58],"thereby":[59],"avoiding":[60],"cumbersome":[62],"discretization":[63],"process.":[64],"The":[65],"core":[66],"advantage":[67],"method":[70,194],"lies":[71],"in":[72,132],"fact":[74],"that":[75,129,191],"formation":[77],"influence":[80],"matrix":[81],"depends":[82],"solely":[83],"on":[84,140,179],"normal":[86],"and":[87,148,198],"position":[88],"vectors,":[89],"eliminating":[90],"need":[92],"explicit":[94],"interpolation":[95],"approximation":[96],"quantities":[99],"or":[100],"numerical":[101],"integration,":[102],"making":[103],"true":[106],"node":[108],"method.":[109,157],"However,":[110],"implementation":[112],"requires":[116],"establishment":[118],"\"fully\"":[121,127,167],"regularized":[122,168],"integral":[124,135,170],"equation.":[125],"Here,":[126],"implies":[128],"integrand":[131],"has":[136],"finite":[137],"values":[138],"everywhere":[139],"boundary,":[142],"which":[143],"is":[144,186],"crucial":[146],"prerequisite":[147],"main":[149],"challenge":[150],"effective":[153],"application":[154],"To":[158],"meet":[159],"requirement,":[161],"proposes":[164],"new":[166],"equation":[171],"capable":[172],"computing":[174],"arbitrary":[175],"gradients.":[177],"Based":[178],"this,":[180],"Boundary":[182],"constructed.":[187],"Numerical":[188],"experiments":[189],"demonstrate":[190],"proposed":[193],"exhibits":[195],"high":[196],"accuracy":[197],"efficiency.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}