{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411055214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3576784","title":"A Benchmark Dataset and a Framework for Urdu Multimodal Named Entity Recognition","display_name":"A Benchmark Dataset and a Framework for Urdu Multimodal Named Entity Recognition","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411055214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3576784"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3576784","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3576784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3576784","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hussain Ahmad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75390827","display_name":"Beijing University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00df5yc52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hussain Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113221657","display_name":"Qingyang Zeng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75390827","display_name":"Beijing University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00df5yc52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingyang Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1469-0791","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031875407","display_name":"Jing Wan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75390827","display_name":"Beijing University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00df5yc52","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-7883","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75390827"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":10.388,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9784307,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"100904","last_page":"100919"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7682608366012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urdu","display_name":"Urdu","score":0.7265199422836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7203755378723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5466625094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","score":0.5070512294769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.39219361543655396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3454318940639496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.12152114510536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.07610738277435303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.06467074155807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0636076033115387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7682608366012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777350258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1617","display_name":"Urdu","level":2,"score":0.7265199422836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7203755378723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5466625094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779135771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403574","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","level":3,"score":0.5070512294769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.39219361543655396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3454318940639496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.12152114510536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.07610738277435303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.06467074155807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0636076033115387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3576784","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3576784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cf288c1873804ce19d7e64f707f7d9b7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cf288c1873804ce19d7e64f707f7d9b7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 100904-100919 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3576784","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3576784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2626176522","https://openalex.org/W2778970600","https://openalex.org/W2949241676","https://openalex.org/W3096266342","https://openalex.org/W3127151332","https://openalex.org/W4212998232","https://openalex.org/W4226323522","https://openalex.org/W4321089622","https://openalex.org/W4379467709","https://openalex.org/W4382466550","https://openalex.org/W4385938087","https://openalex.org/W4386546962","https://openalex.org/W4387789957","https://openalex.org/W4387848810","https://openalex.org/W4388334650","https://openalex.org/W4391840625","https://openalex.org/W4396753517","https://openalex.org/W4396878069","https://openalex.org/W6640362995","https://openalex.org/W6697154816","https://openalex.org/W6697155078","https://openalex.org/W6748181105","https://openalex.org/W6750834060","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6779876311","https://openalex.org/W6810507330","https://openalex.org/W6810601176","https://openalex.org/W6838003630","https://openalex.org/W6872635436","https://openalex.org/W7048367968"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W135458787","https://openalex.org/W4285154531","https://openalex.org/W2250347524","https://openalex.org/W3017222382","https://openalex.org/W3128216712","https://openalex.org/W3136915866","https://openalex.org/W4390279576","https://openalex.org/W2886890203","https://openalex.org/W4313535650","https://openalex.org/W2287770975"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,46,120],"emergence":[1],"of":[2,24,52,59],"multimodal":[3,54,105],"content,":[4],"particularly":[5],"text":[6,131],"and":[7,56,71,104,125,133,146],"images":[8],"on":[9,107,117,154],"social":[10],"media,":[11],"has":[12],"positioned":[13],"Multimodal":[14],"Named":[15],"Entity":[16],"Recognition":[17],"(MNER)":[18],"as":[19,36],"an":[20],"increasingly":[21],"important":[22],"area":[23],"research":[25,116,164],"within":[26],"Natural":[27],"Language":[28],"Processing.":[29],"Despite":[30],"progress":[31],"in":[32,165],"high-resource":[33],"languages":[34,43],"such":[35],"English,":[37],"MNER":[38,163],"remains":[39],"underexplored":[40],"for":[41,79,130,135,161],"low-resource":[42,166],"like":[44],"Urdu.":[45],"primary":[47],"challenges":[48],"include":[49],"the":[50,57,68,73,84,155,159],"scarcity":[51],"annotated":[53,91],"datasets":[55],"lack":[58],"standardized":[60],"baselines.":[61],"To":[62],"address":[63],"these":[64],"challenges,":[65],"we":[66],"introduce":[67],"U-MNER":[69,121],"framework":[70,122],"release":[72],"Twitter2015-Urdu":[74,156],"dataset,":[75,88,109,157],"a":[76,140],"pioneering":[77],"resource":[78],"Urdu":[80,118],"MNER.":[81,119],"Adapted":[82],"from":[83],"widely":[85],"used":[86],"Twitter2015":[87],"it":[89],"is":[90],"with":[92,139],"Urdu-specific":[93],"grammar":[94],"rules.":[95],"We":[96],"establish":[97],"benchmark":[98],"baselines":[99],"by":[100],"evaluating":[101],"both":[102],"text-based":[103],"models":[106],"this":[108],"providing":[110],"comparative":[111],"analyses":[112],"to":[113,144],"support":[114],"future":[115],"integrates":[123],"textual":[124],"visual":[126,136],"context":[127],"using":[128],"Urdu-BERT":[129],"embeddings":[132],"ResNet":[134],"feature":[137],"extraction,":[138],"Cross-Modal":[141],"Fusion":[142],"Module":[143],"align":[145],"fuse":[147],"information.":[148],"Our":[149],"model":[150],"achieves":[151],"state-of-the-art":[152],"performance":[153],"laying":[158],"groundwork":[160],"further":[162],"languages.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}