{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410852652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3574730","title":"Tracking Control of CSTRs Based on Improved OU Noise and the TD3 Algorithm","display_name":"Tracking Control of CSTRs Based on Improved OU Noise and the TD3 Algorithm","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410852652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3574730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3574730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3574730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3574730","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042996874","display_name":"Hongyan Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6562-3597"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48780066","display_name":"Shenyang University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbpdh75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongyan Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108830075","display_name":"Xiaofei Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48780066","display_name":"Shenyang University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbpdh75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102815743","display_name":"Guogang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3253-320X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48780066","display_name":"Shenyang University of Chemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbpdh75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guogang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042996874"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48780066"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15889152,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"94944","last_page":"94952"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13717","display_name":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","score":0.8402000069618225,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13717","display_name":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","score":0.8402000069618225,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14225","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Control Systems","score":0.8278999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14474","display_name":"Industrial Technology and Control Systems","score":0.7197999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5544664263725281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5467613339424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5165857076644897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5067535042762756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3866141736507416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3837892711162567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15038460493087769}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5544664263725281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5467613339424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5165857076644897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5067535042762756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3866141736507416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3837892711162567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15038460493087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3574730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3574730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:00b32dc99b134bd09508c60b817a3048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/00b32dc99b134bd09508c60b817a3048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 94944-94952 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3574730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3574730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W744876331","https://openalex.org/W2014703567","https://openalex.org/W2055863460","https://openalex.org/W2074715768","https://openalex.org/W2889545660","https://openalex.org/W2897498038","https://openalex.org/W2979859981","https://openalex.org/W2990539589","https://openalex.org/W3005146155","https://openalex.org/W3025390326","https://openalex.org/W3085522432","https://openalex.org/W3125691522","https://openalex.org/W4205799573","https://openalex.org/W4309945001","https://openalex.org/W4387424198","https://openalex.org/W4396608962","https://openalex.org/W4400133992","https://openalex.org/W4401098060","https://openalex.org/W4401419287","https://openalex.org/W4401984473","https://openalex.org/W4402188505","https://openalex.org/W4406349867","https://openalex.org/W6748839928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W4409439182","https://openalex.org/W2084086966","https://openalex.org/W2053286651","https://openalex.org/W2181743346","https://openalex.org/W2187401768","https://openalex.org/W2181413294","https://openalex.org/W1982160337","https://openalex.org/W1971380437"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Achieving":[0],"satisfactory":[1],"control":[2,60,146,151,166,171,190],"accuracy":[3,191],"in":[4,187],"typical":[5],"chemical":[6],"processes":[7],"is":[8,13,55,75],"a":[9,29,68,101,131],"challenging":[10],"task.":[11],"This":[12,53],"primarily":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,57,77,115,118,141],"their":[17],"complex":[18,119],"nonlinear":[19,173],"dynamic":[20,80],"characteristics.":[21],"To":[22,91],"address":[23],"this":[24,26],"challenge,":[25],"study":[27],"proposes":[28],"novel":[30],"deep":[31,47],"reinforcement":[32],"learning":[33],"(DRL)":[34],"approach":[35],"that":[36,159],"integrates":[37],"an":[38],"improved":[39],"Ornstein-Uhlenbeck":[40],"(IOU)":[41],"noise":[42,113],"into":[43,107],"the":[44,58,72,85,89,108,123,127,139,144,153,160],"twin":[45],"delayed":[46],"deterministic":[48],"policy":[49],"gradient":[50],"(TD3)":[51],"algorithm.":[52,129],"method":[54],"applied":[56],"tracking":[59,150],"of":[61,71,126,152,189],"continuous":[62],"stirred":[63],"tank":[64],"reactors":[65],"(CSTRs).":[66],"Initially,":[67],"mechanistic":[69],"model":[70,174],"CSTRs":[73,154],"system":[74],"established":[76],"simulate":[78],"its":[79],"environment,":[81],"enabling":[82],"interaction":[83],"between":[84],"TD3":[86,128,162],"agent":[87,140],"and":[88,95,100,121,135,172,185,192],"system.":[90,155],"enhance":[92],"exploration":[93,124],"capabilities":[94],"convergence":[96,193],"speed,":[97],"fractional-order":[98],"characteristics":[99],"reward":[102,133],"feedback":[103],"mechanism":[104],"are":[105],"introduced":[106],"OU":[109],"noise,":[110],"dynamically":[111],"adjusting":[112],"intensity":[114],"improve":[116],"adaptability":[117],"states":[120],"optimize":[122],"strategy":[125],"Furthermore,":[130],"well-designed":[132],"function":[134],"optimized":[136],"hyperparameters":[137],"enable":[138],"efficiently":[142],"learn":[143],"optimal":[145],"policy,":[147],"achieving":[148],"high-precision":[149],"Simulation":[156],"results":[157],"demonstrate":[158],"proposed":[161],"algorithm":[163],"outperforms":[164],"conventional":[165],"methods,":[167],"such":[168],"as":[169,177,179],"PID":[170],"predictive":[175],"control,":[176],"well":[178],"other":[180],"DRL":[181],"algorithms,":[182],"including":[183],"SAC":[184],"PPO,":[186],"terms":[188],"speed.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
