{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410358688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569559","title":"A Comprehensive Survey on Machine and Deep Learning for Optical Communications","display_name":"A Comprehensive Survey on Machine and Deep Learning for Optical Communications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410358688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569559"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3569559","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569559","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007578302","display_name":"Mohammad Ali Amirabadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-3380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86958956","display_name":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","ror":"https://ror.org/00g6ka752","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Ali Amirabadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-3380","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085222355","display_name":"S. Alireza Nezamalhosseini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-3300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67009956","display_name":"Iran University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01jw2p796","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Alireza Nezamalhosseini","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-3300","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010894349","display_name":"Mohammad Hossein Kahaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1920-659X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67009956","display_name":"Iran University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01jw2p796","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Hossein Kahaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1920-659X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005858438","display_name":"Lawrence R. Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3760-4719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence R. Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3760-4719","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007578302"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":9.4691,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98242945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"88794","last_page":"88846"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9433000087738037,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9433000087738037,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9226999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6547677516937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4897463321685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3492383360862732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6547677516937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4897463321685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3492383360862732}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3569559","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1ecdc074d5974f588e0db4475de5e5d4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1ecdc074d5974f588e0db4475de5e5d4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 88794-88846 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3569559","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569559","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":280,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518212754","https://openalex.org/W1580215688","https://openalex.org/W1615755893","https://openalex.org/W1844882231","https://openalex.org/W1968720664","https://openalex.org/W1976009470","https://openalex.org/W1979419948","https://openalex.org/W1984950748","https://openalex.org/W1993168946","https://openalex.org/W2001158996","https://openalex.org/W2009792490","https://openalex.org/W2018789963","https://openalex.org/W2029447243","https://openalex.org/W2031975413","https://openalex.org/W2043537454","https://openalex.org/W2052194957","https://openalex.org/W2055375638","https://openalex.org/W2070655591","https://openalex.org/W2071481046","https://openalex.org/W2075177229","https://openalex.org/W2082677886","https://openalex.org/W2093357052","https://openalex.org/W2097275890","https://openalex.org/W2099217008","https://openalex.org/W2111682468","https://openalex.org/W2112557640","https://openalex.org/W2114135117","https://openalex.org/W2123720021","https://openalex.org/W2123896926","https://openalex.org/W2123927904","https://openalex.org/W2128728535","https://openalex.org/W2149224850","https://openalex.org/W2150950646","https://openalex.org/W2154986869","https://openalex.org/W2159597839","https://openalex.org/W2163707201","https://openalex.org/W2167770189","https://openalex.org/W2188299272","https://openalex.org/W2215439023","https://openalex.org/W2240067561","https://openalex.org/W2248126463","https://openalex.org/W2283470457","https://openalex.org/W2294103580","https://openalex.org/W2314762089","https://openalex.org/W2322835491","https://openalex.org/W2325705242","https://openalex.org/W2337568808","https://openalex.org/W2404352102","https://openalex.org/W2409945967","https://openalex.org/W2483085136","https://openalex.org/W2500151196","https://openalex.org/W2511005218","https://openalex.org/W2522886731","https://openalex.org/W2543033259","https://openalex.org/W2547868186","https://openalex.org/W2565830380","https://openalex.org/W2576683119","https://openalex.org/W2581043077","https://openalex.org/W2592882310","https://openalex.org/W2594369284","https://openalex.org/W2598750638","https://openalex.org/W2607281691","https://openalex.org/W2724334266","https://openalex.org/W2734408173","https://openalex.org/W2734967431","https://openalex.org/W2735521527","https://openalex.org/W2738710562","https://openalex.org/W2752916748","https://openalex.org/W2754610723","https://openalex.org/W2757395027","https://openalex.org/W2762572787","https://openalex.org/W2763010666","https://openalex.org/W2765936348","https://openalex.org/W2766441441","https://openalex.org/W2768296674","https://openalex.org/W2768585327","https://openalex.org/W2768588910","https://openalex.org/W2771094319","https://openalex.org/W2771508779","https://openalex.org/W2774785045","https://openalex.org/W2775328391","https://openalex.org/W2775692341","https://openalex.org/W2781788077","https://openalex.org/W2782717155","https://openalex.org/W2782787804","https://openalex.org/W2786530623","https://openalex.org/W2787811863","https://openalex.org/W2789876780","https://openalex.org/W2792694510","https://openalex.org/W2792864010","https://openalex.org/W2797033345","https://openalex.org/W2798760831","https://openalex.org/W2804416550","https://openalex.org/W2805095468","https://openalex.org/W2806003270","https://openalex.org/W2808899848","https://openalex.org/W2810973780","https://openalex.org/W2811047374","https://openalex.org/W2811293019","https://openalex.org/W2886362979","https://openalex.org/W2886374543","https://openalex.org/W2888353605","https://openalex.org/W2890361587","https://openalex.org/W2890645375","https://openalex.org/W2890962147","https://openalex.org/W2894393199","https://openalex.org/W2896632214","https://openalex.org/W2897014238","https://openalex.org/W2899921215","https://openalex.org/W2902549964","https://openalex.org/W2906463457","https://openalex.org/W2907003019","https://openalex.org/W2907239809","https://openalex.org/W2907592470","https://openalex.org/W2910959226","https://openalex.org/W2912267671","https://openalex.org/W2912345961","https://openalex.org/W2914126208","https://openalex.org/W2914554687","https://openalex.org/W2915905517","https://openalex.org/W2916236435","https://openalex.org/W2918657296","https://openalex.org/W2919334842","https://openalex.org/W2920939565","https://openalex.org/W2921260124","https://openalex.org/W2922224568","https://openalex.org/W2922516170","https://openalex.org/W2925256740","https://openalex.org/W2926297575","https://openalex.org/W2937422857","https://openalex.org/W2944480714","https://openalex.org/W2946364249","https://openalex.org/W2949186411","https://openalex.org/W2962745529","https://openalex.org/W2963197931","https://openalex.org/W2963528055","https://openalex.org/W2963688708","https://openalex.org/W2964101383","https://openalex.org/W2964121960","https://openalex.org/W2964300669","https://openalex.org/W2964303602","https://openalex.org/W2972036473","https://openalex.org/W2972792546","https://openalex.org/W2973433474","https://openalex.org/W2975526238","https://openalex.org/W2975594205","https://openalex.org/W2976987664","https://openalex.org/W2978746166","https://openalex.org/W2979635915","https://openalex.org/W2980032836","https://openalex.org/W2980560047","https://openalex.org/W2983637580","https://openalex.org/W2984968632","https://openalex.org/W2986807517","https://openalex.org/W2986991381","https://openalex.org/W2990238905","https://openalex.org/W2995106850","https://openalex.org/W2995498456","https://openalex.org/W2995551325","https://openalex.org/W2996210328","https://openalex.org/W2996420627","https://openalex.org/W2999098987","https://openalex.org/W2999242488","https://openalex.org/W3004295700","https://openalex.org/W3005919018","https://openalex.org/W3008565916","https://openalex.org/W3010149122","https://openalex.org/W3010398415","https://openalex.org/W3011915646","https://openalex.org/W3012281039","https://openalex.org/W3015899200","https://openalex.org/W3019560754","https://openalex.org/W3019747105","https://openalex.org/W3019913914","https://openalex.org/W3024228415","https://openalex.org/W3024364973","https://openalex.org/W3034453888","https://openalex.org/W3036157130","https://openalex.org/W3041793217","https://openalex.org/W3044197200","https://openalex.org/W3047364441","https://openalex.org/W3084127698","https://openalex.org/W3087138290","https://openalex.org/W3088301017","https://openalex.org/W3088545974","https://openalex.org/W3088915330","https://openalex.org/W3089279007","https://openalex.org/W3091521458","https://openalex.org/W3091646958","https://openalex.org/W3091770934","https://openalex.org/W3096288777","https://openalex.org/W3100789280","https://openalex.org/W3103759066","https://openalex.org/W3105430099","https://openalex.org/W3107236391","https://openalex.org/W3107841742","https://openalex.org/W3113766111","https://openalex.org/W3127352461","https://openalex.org/W3129949095","https://openalex.org/W3132669100","https://openalex.org/W3134029884","https://openalex.org/W3135028703","https://openalex.org/W3137125108","https://openalex.org/W3137837835","https://openalex.org/W3149631275","https://openalex.org/W3160181056","https://openalex.org/W3161338394","https://openalex.org/W3165622177","https://openalex.org/W3171246642","https://openalex.org/W3175381344","https://openalex.org/W3184765452","https://openalex.org/W3186025733","https://openalex.org/W3186569952","https://openalex.org/W3187773888","https://openalex.org/W3188948381","https://openalex.org/W3194027004","https://openalex.org/W3201617757","https://openalex.org/W3205189889","https://openalex.org/W3206113005","https://openalex.org/W3209262975","https://openalex.org/W3210674608","https://openalex.org/W3213258675","https://openalex.org/W4200357297","https://openalex.org/W4200461301","https://openalex.org/W4206013722","https://openalex.org/W4206233407","https://openalex.org/W4206400910","https://openalex.org/W4210356262","https://openalex.org/W4225632037","https://openalex.org/W4252208101","https://openalex.org/W4280540982","https://openalex.org/W4283659504","https://openalex.org/W4285213716","https://openalex.org/W4289868739","https://openalex.org/W4289950849","https://openalex.org/W4300816689","https://openalex.org/W4309639860","https://openalex.org/W4312833557","https://openalex.org/W4312930784","https://openalex.org/W4323664154","https://openalex.org/W4364296885","https://openalex.org/W4365504037","https://openalex.org/W4379796492","https://openalex.org/W4389265550","https://openalex.org/W4389480595","https://openalex.org/W4389847609","https://openalex.org/W4390452972","https://openalex.org/W4396590370","https://openalex.org/W4400235716","https://openalex.org/W4400645025","https://openalex.org/W4400929022","https://openalex.org/W4402836811","https://openalex.org/W4404148152","https://openalex.org/W4404851279","https://openalex.org/W4405105231","https://openalex.org/W4405146376","https://openalex.org/W4406311674","https://openalex.org/W4407064700","https://openalex.org/W4407167016","https://openalex.org/W4407937810","https://openalex.org/W4408145551","https://openalex.org/W4410092605","https://openalex.org/W4410570994","https://openalex.org/W6734206676","https://openalex.org/W6748436336","https://openalex.org/W6749563939","https://openalex.org/W6755630715","https://openalex.org/W6756816833","https://openalex.org/W6758329635","https://openalex.org/W6759943579","https://openalex.org/W6761297853","https://openalex.org/W6773924747","https://openalex.org/W6775176024","https://openalex.org/W6799927285","https://openalex.org/W6805973016","https://openalex.org/W6810781096","https://openalex.org/W6811193155","https://openalex.org/W6875952745","https://openalex.org/W6877418767","https://openalex.org/W6880821609"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,235],"increasing":[1],"complexity":[2,67],"of":[3,55,128,138,165,184,216,228,250],"optical":[4,44,81,100,144,148,153,195,280],"communication":[5,45,146,150,154,281],"systems":[6,56],"and":[7,18,24,39,57,63,87,92,140,152,162,176,179,192,209,214,230,242,252,257,269],"networks":[8],"necessitates":[9],"advanced":[10,77],"methodologies":[11],"for":[12],"extracting":[13],"valuable":[14],"insights":[15],"from":[16],"vast":[17],"heterogeneous":[19],"datasets.":[20],"Machine":[21],"learning":[22,26],"(ML)":[23],"deep":[25],"(DL)":[27],"have":[28,115],"emerged":[29],"as":[30,74],"pivotal":[31],"tools":[32],"in":[33,43,71,99,104,121,182,194,232,254,278],"this":[34,129,173,233],"domain,":[35],"revolutionizing":[36],"data":[37],"analysis":[38],"enabling":[40],"automated":[41],"self-configuration":[42],"systems.":[46,282],"Their":[47],"adoption":[48],"is":[49,68,102,199],"fueled":[50],"by":[51,60,261],"the":[52,125,158,170,212,226,247,263],"growing":[53],"intricacy":[54],"links,":[58],"driven":[59],"numerous":[61],"adjustable":[62],"interdependent":[64],"parameters.":[65],"This":[66,132],"particularly":[69],"evident":[70],"areas":[72],"such":[73],"coherent":[75],"transceivers,":[76],"digital":[78],"signal":[79],"processing,":[80],"performance":[82,208],"monitoring,":[83],"cross-layer":[84],"network":[85],"optimizations,":[86],"nonlinearity":[88],"compensation.":[89],"While":[90],"ML":[91,139,178,229,251],"DL":[93,141,180,231,253],"offer":[94],"immense":[95],"potential,":[96],"their":[97,185],"application":[98],"communications":[101],"still":[103],"its":[105],"early":[106],"stages,":[107],"with":[108],"significant":[109],"opportunities":[110],"remaining":[111],"unexplored.":[112],"Many":[113],"algorithms":[114,181,205],"yet":[116],"to":[117,245,275],"be":[118],"fully":[119],"deployed":[120],"practical":[122,248],"settings,":[123],"underscoring":[124],"emerging":[126],"nature":[127],"research":[130,273],"area.":[131],"paper":[133],"presents":[134],"a":[135,222],"comprehensive":[136],"survey":[137,174,236],"applications":[142,193,249],"across":[143],"fiber":[145],"(OFC),":[147],"wireless":[149],"(OWC),":[151],"networking":[155],"(OCN),":[156],"highlighting":[157],"challenges,":[159,265],"current":[160],"advancements,":[161],"future":[163,272],"potential":[164,267],"these":[166,204],"approaches.":[167],"To":[168],"address":[169],"identified":[171],"gaps,":[172],"evaluates":[175],"compares":[177],"terms":[183],"performance,":[186],"complexity,":[187],"objectives,":[188],"input":[189],"data,":[190],"metrics,":[191],"communication.":[196],"Specific":[197],"emphasis":[198],"placed":[200],"on":[201,225],"identifying":[202,270],"how":[203],"enhance":[206],"system":[207],"optimization.":[210],"Furthermore,":[211],"advantages":[213],"limitations":[215],"existing":[217],"methods":[218],"are":[219],"analyzed,":[220],"offering":[221],"clear":[223],"perspective":[224],"role":[227],"domain.":[234],"also":[237],"includes":[238],"updated":[239],"visual":[240],"representations":[241],"domain-specific":[243],"examples":[244],"elucidate":[246],"OFC,":[255],"OWC,":[256],"OCN.":[258],"It":[259],"concludes":[260],"discussing":[262],"open":[264],"proposing":[266],"solutions,":[268],"promising":[271],"directions":[274],"foster":[276],"advancements":[277],"intelligent":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-19T08:33:51.333923","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}