{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410537900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569101","title":"License Plate Recognition for Smart Construction Sites Based on GMH-YOLO","display_name":"License Plate Recognition for Smart Construction Sites Based on GMH-YOLO","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410537900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569101"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3569101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569101","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102829821","display_name":"Ming Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","Department of Business, Hohai-University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business, Hohai-University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ze-Quan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3031-0848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ze-Quan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","Department of Business, Hohai-University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3031-0848","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business, Hohai-University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052391925","display_name":"Yuhang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3686-695X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Hang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","Department of Business, Hohai-University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business, Hohai-University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100430055","display_name":"Qiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3079-6110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090858","display_name":"Nanjing Zhongyi Architectural Design Institute (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/009nm7068","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090858"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhongbo Information Technology Research Institute Company Ltd.,, Nanjing, China","Zhongbo Information Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhongbo Information Technology Research Institute Company Ltd.,, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090858"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhongbo Information Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.033,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95316642,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"89760","last_page":"89774"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14139","display_name":"E-commerce and Technology Innovations","score":0.9031999707221985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1403","display_name":"Business and International Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/license","display_name":"License","score":0.7357473373413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6552502512931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.46923238039016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42907074093818665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3265492916107178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07924401760101318}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79719","display_name":"License","level":2,"score":0.7357473373413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6552502512931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.46923238039016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42907074093818665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3265492916107178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07924401760101318}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3569101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:74f2d67b19644bc3a2c62e85783b7ae5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/74f2d67b19644bc3a2c62e85783b7ae5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 89760-89774 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3569101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3569101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8976229814","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"B230207087","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W2091837173","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2125405759","https://openalex.org/W2140511609","https://openalex.org/W2550229148","https://openalex.org/W2884112924","https://openalex.org/W2962829835","https://openalex.org/W2963857746","https://openalex.org/W2996959377","https://openalex.org/W3042011474","https://openalex.org/W3084154669","https://openalex.org/W3131500599","https://openalex.org/W3156772576","https://openalex.org/W3167976421","https://openalex.org/W3193359084","https://openalex.org/W3201064488","https://openalex.org/W3211328899","https://openalex.org/W4205771406","https://openalex.org/W4206829267","https://openalex.org/W4294167376","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386076129","https://openalex.org/W4388823657","https://openalex.org/W4390640160","https://openalex.org/W4391559729","https://openalex.org/W4391889473","https://openalex.org/W4392313287","https://openalex.org/W4399917485","https://openalex.org/W4400033311","https://openalex.org/W4400966748","https://openalex.org/W4402617723","https://openalex.org/W4405996721","https://openalex.org/W6665852176","https://openalex.org/W6796494063","https://openalex.org/W6796538260","https://openalex.org/W6810974023","https://openalex.org/W6868582632","https://openalex.org/W6873881505","https://openalex.org/W6947681574"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,82,85,97,147,155,179,193,197],"rapid":[2],"urbanization,":[3],"vehicle":[4],"management":[5],"at":[6,216],"construction":[7,53,135,217],"sites":[8],"has":[9],"become":[10],"crucial":[11],"for":[12,52,70,123,211],"safety":[13],"and":[14,34,40,58,65,72,129,203],"logistics":[15],"efficiency.":[16],"However,":[17],"License":[18],"Plate":[19],"Detection":[20],"in":[21,79,133],"such":[22,27],"environments":[23],"faces":[24],"unique":[25],"challenges,":[26],"as":[28],"simultaneous":[29],"detection":[30,77,161],"of":[31,100],"dual":[32],"plates":[33,68,132],"body":[35,66,157],"plates,":[36],"strong":[37],"light":[38],"reflections,":[39],"muddy":[41],"interferences.":[42],"This":[43,102],"paper":[44,83],"constructs":[45],"a":[46,168,207],"license":[47,60,67,126,158,213],"plate":[48,61,127,159,214],"dataset,":[49,149],"CSLPD,":[50],"specifically":[51],"sites,":[54],"containing":[55],"1495":[56],"images":[57],"2301":[59],"instances,":[62],"with":[63,185],"double":[64],"accounting":[69],"27.2%":[71],"25.4%,":[73],"respectively.":[74],"To":[75],"enhance":[76],"performance":[78,176],"complex":[80,134],"environments,":[81],"proposes":[84],"GMH-YOLO":[86,142],"model,":[87],"which":[88],"integrates":[89],"an":[90],"innovative":[91],"Gated":[92],"Multi-Head":[93],"Attention":[94],"mechanism":[95,188,195],"into":[96],"C3k2":[98],"module":[99],"YOLO11.":[101],"lightweight":[103],"gating":[104,181],"unit":[105],"adaptively":[106],"allocates":[107],"feature":[108,201],"channel":[109],"resources,":[110],"effectively":[111],"enhancing":[112],"key":[113],"information":[114],"while":[115],"suppressing":[116],"background":[117],"interference,":[118],"making":[119],"it":[120],"particularly":[121],"suitable":[122],"detecting":[124],"multiple":[125],"types":[128],"partially":[130],"occluded":[131],"site":[136],"environments.":[137],"Experimental":[138],"results":[139],"show":[140],"that":[141,192],"achieves":[143],"93.3%":[144],"mAP@50":[145],"on":[146],"CSLPD":[148],"outperforming":[150],"YOLO11":[151],"by":[152],"1.4%.":[153],"For":[154],"challenging":[156],"task,":[160],"accuracy":[162],"improved":[163],"from":[164],"81.3%":[165],"to":[166,178],"87.2%,":[167],"5.9%":[169],"increase.":[170],"The":[171],"model":[172],"maintains":[173],"high":[174],"real-time":[175],"due":[177],"optimized":[180],"mechanism.":[182],"Comparative":[183],"experiments":[184],"six":[186],"attention":[187],"integration":[189],"schemes":[190],"confirm":[191],"gated":[194],"provides":[196],"best":[198],"balance":[199],"between":[200],"extraction":[202],"computational":[204],"efficiency,":[205],"offering":[206],"high-precision,":[208],"efficient":[209],"solution":[210],"intelligent":[212],"recognition":[215],"sites.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T17:40:00.097472","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
