{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410226684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3568589","title":"An Online Torque Prediction Method of PMSM Using PINNs","display_name":"An Online Torque Prediction Method of PMSM Using PINNs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410226684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3568589"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3568589","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3568589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3568589","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080131590","display_name":"Yiyang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6695-0301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yiyang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027732226","display_name":"Yang Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8878-5639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["China North Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China","China North Artificial Intelligence &#x0026; Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China North Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China North Artificial Intelligence &#x0026; Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080356893","display_name":"Chao Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4792-9482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["China North Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China","China North Artificial Intelligence &#x0026; Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China North Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China North Artificial Intelligence &#x0026; Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111181163","display_name":"Bo Su","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100255","display_name":"Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/016a74861","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["China North Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China","China North Artificial Intelligence &#x0026; Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China North Artificial Intelligence and Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China North Artificial Intelligence &#x0026; Innovation Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100255"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080131590"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.9464,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90415106,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"196796","last_page":"196808"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.9293000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.9293000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11201","display_name":"Metallurgy and Material Forming","score":0.9164999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.7609876394271851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6497648358345032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-torque-control","display_name":"Direct torque control","score":0.5869851112365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4191034138202667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2749144732952118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induction-motor","display_name":"Induction motor","score":0.19326895475387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.14163291454315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12681284546852112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12082847952842712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.09325608611106873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.08894649147987366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.7609876394271851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6497648358345032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109871850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227571","display_name":"Direct torque control","level":4,"score":0.5869851112365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4191034138202667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2749144732952118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80962145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207450","display_name":"Induction motor","level":3,"score":0.19326895475387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14163291454315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12681284546852112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12082847952842712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.09325608611106873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.08894649147987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3568589","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3568589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9081f008fb8d4ea89963477ff9dfefe9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9081f008fb8d4ea89963477ff9dfefe9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 196796-196808 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3568589","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3568589","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2836815570","https://openalex.org/W3114003892","https://openalex.org/W4321062773"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Torque":[0],"prediction":[1],"is":[2],"crucial":[3],"for":[4],"the":[5,43,66,130,163],"control":[6],"and":[7,25,42,89,108,118,136,173,191],"safe":[8,119],"operation":[9,74],"of":[10,45,68,102,158,170,176],"electric":[11],"motors.":[12],"Compared":[13,122],"to":[14,22,61,114,123],"offline":[15,87],"methods,":[16,49],"online":[17,90,100,120],"identification":[18],"methods":[19,125],"can":[20,75],"adapt":[21],"dynamic":[23,137],"changes":[24],"individual":[26],"variations":[27],"in":[28,31,139,144,183,185],"motor":[29,73,103],"characteristics":[30],"real":[32],"time,":[33],"but":[34],"they":[35],"face":[36],"challenges":[37],"such":[38],"as":[39],"rank":[40],"deficiency":[41],"failure":[44],"physical":[46,128,150],"equations.":[47],"Data-driven":[48],"which":[50],"do":[51],"not":[52],"rely":[53],"on":[54,127],"specific":[55],"mathematical":[56],"models,":[57],"are":[58],"better":[59],"suited":[60],"address":[62],"these":[63],"issues.":[64],"However,":[65],"lack":[67],"torque":[69,111,155],"feedback":[70],"during":[71],"actual":[72],"render":[76],"supervised":[77],"learning":[78,88,101],"ineffective.":[79],"This":[80],"paper":[81],"proposes":[82],"a":[83,110,145,149,154],"method":[84,98,166,180],"that":[85,162],"combines":[86],"updates":[91],"using":[92],"Physics-Informed":[93],"Neural":[94],"Networks":[95],"(PINNs).":[96],"The":[97,179],"enables":[99],"parameters":[104],"through":[105],"real-time":[106,140],"data":[107,146],"constructs":[109],"output":[112,156],"model":[113],"support":[115],"more":[116],"efficient":[117],"systems.":[121],"least-squares":[124],"based":[126],"formulas,":[129],"PINN":[131,165],"approach":[132],"demonstrates":[133],"greater":[134],"accuracy":[135],"adaptability":[138],"testing.":[141],"Experimental":[142],"results":[143],"set":[147],"from":[148],"test":[151],"bench":[152],"with":[153],"range":[157],"\u00b1260":[159],"N\u00b7m":[160,172],"demonstrate":[161],"proposed":[164],"achieves":[167],"an":[168,174],"MAE":[169],"0.7745":[171],"RMSE":[175],"1.6393":[177],"N\u00b7m.":[178],"also":[181],"converges":[182],"seconds":[184],"new":[186],"environments,":[187],"highlighting":[188],"its":[189],"robustness":[190],"practical":[192],"applicability.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-25T14:43:58.451035","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
