{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410114783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3567556","title":"A Novel Differential Exchange Parallel Great Wall Construction Algorithm for Efficient Multilevel Image Segmentation","display_name":"A Novel Differential Exchange Parallel Great Wall Construction Algorithm for Efficient Multilevel Image Segmentation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410114783","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3567556"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3567556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3567556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3567556","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019810689","display_name":"Jeng\u2010Shyang Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3128-9025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeng-Shyang Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3128-9025","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rongli Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7927-6319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongli Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7927-6319","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105826134","display_name":"Shu\u2010Chuan Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-0618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu-Chuan Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-0618","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100705271","display_name":"Xiao Sui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2068-5081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Sui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2068-5081","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036511259","display_name":"Junzo Watada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3322-2086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199278144","display_name":"Shimonoseki City University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fyk0v41","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199278144"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junzo Watada","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Data Science, Shimonoseki City University, Daigakucho, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, Japan","Shimonoseki City University, Daigakucho, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3322-2086","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data Science, Shimonoseki City University, Daigakucho, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199278144"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shimonoseki City University, Daigakucho, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199278144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019810689"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12341885,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"83794","last_page":"83814"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.5108000040054321,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.5108000040054321,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6962215900421143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.6454477906227112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","score":0.49890995025634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47337549924850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4344196021556854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.43077489733695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3718124032020569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3461645841598511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07226631045341492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6962215900421143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.6454477906227112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.49890995025634766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47337549924850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4344196021556854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43077489733695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3718124032020569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3461645841598511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07226631045341492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3567556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3567556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cf0ee53f43fa458889f214e01104cb70","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cf0ee53f43fa458889f214e01104cb70","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 83794-83814 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3567556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3567556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1595159159","https://openalex.org/W1906171435","https://openalex.org/W1969774370","https://openalex.org/W1991927948","https://openalex.org/W1999284878","https://openalex.org/W2003407832","https://openalex.org/W2003890325","https://openalex.org/W2022673158","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2024518622","https://openalex.org/W2031183907","https://openalex.org/W2033011996","https://openalex.org/W2047422346","https://openalex.org/W2059418465","https://openalex.org/W2064076387","https://openalex.org/W2068878490","https://openalex.org/W2072955302","https://openalex.org/W2104824430","https://openalex.org/W2138385386","https://openalex.org/W2141983208","https://openalex.org/W2143560894","https://openalex.org/W2151554678","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2169859438","https://openalex.org/W2232317135","https://openalex.org/W2290883490","https://openalex.org/W2469486255","https://openalex.org/W2488789499","https://openalex.org/W2607700698","https://openalex.org/W2794143725","https://openalex.org/W2939714884","https://openalex.org/W2962182762","https://openalex.org/W2970800827","https://openalex.org/W2976560662","https://openalex.org/W2985845430","https://openalex.org/W3006548976","https://openalex.org/W3013529935","https://openalex.org/W3090396243","https://openalex.org/W3096281486","https://openalex.org/W3096682064","https://openalex.org/W3127618063","https://openalex.org/W3129029680","https://openalex.org/W3156438996","https://openalex.org/W3164252737","https://openalex.org/W3169084422","https://openalex.org/W3180143750","https://openalex.org/W4205320908","https://openalex.org/W4225843102","https://openalex.org/W4230167402","https://openalex.org/W4250863246","https://openalex.org/W4281623282","https://openalex.org/W4281739568","https://openalex.org/W4285049232","https://openalex.org/W4292083457","https://openalex.org/W4296822625","https://openalex.org/W4317374258","https://openalex.org/W4322769471","https://openalex.org/W4322774502","https://openalex.org/W4360847244","https://openalex.org/W4383104983","https://openalex.org/W4386547364","https://openalex.org/W4391227114","https://openalex.org/W4392026505","https://openalex.org/W4392872337","https://openalex.org/W4399054398","https://openalex.org/W4403535682","https://openalex.org/W4406080942","https://openalex.org/W4406292058","https://openalex.org/W6641077578","https://openalex.org/W6678722043","https://openalex.org/W6794189575","https://openalex.org/W6840506751"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4379231730","https://openalex.org/W4389858081","https://openalex.org/W2501551404","https://openalex.org/W4298131179","https://openalex.org/W2113201962","https://openalex.org/W4385583601","https://openalex.org/W4395685956","https://openalex.org/W3159516372","https://openalex.org/W4398146871","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,58,70,129,169,195],"GreatWall":[1],"Construction":[2,55],"Algorithm":[3,56],"(GWCA)":[4],"is":[5,31,45,60,197],"an":[6,17],"innovative":[7],"meta-heuristic":[8,81],"algorithm":[9,101],"for":[10,199],"solving":[11],"engineering":[12],"challenges.":[13],"Parallel":[14,52],"strategies":[15],"are":[16],"effective":[18],"approach":[19],"to":[20,49,61,105],"enhancing":[21],"the":[22,51,67,73,91,99,107,119,140,151,156,180,185,202],"performance":[23,71,158,177,191],"of":[24,72,134,164],"algorithms.":[25],"In":[26,97,150],"this":[27],"paper,":[28],"parallel":[29],"technology":[30],"introduced":[32],"into":[33],"GWCA":[34,48],"by":[35,113],"proposing":[36],"a":[37],"new":[38],"communication":[39],"strategy":[40],"named":[41],"Differential":[42],"Exchange,":[43],"which":[44],"combined":[46],"with":[47,78],"design":[50],"Great":[53],"Wall":[54],"(PGWCA).":[57],"goal":[59],"avoid":[62],"local":[63],"optima":[64],"and":[65,86,117,127,146,183,188],"improve":[66],"algorithm\u2019s":[68],"performance.":[69],"proposedPGWCAhas":[74],"been":[75,103],"critically":[76],"compared":[77],"seven":[79],"other":[80],"algorithms":[82],"on":[83],"10,":[84],"30,":[85],"50":[87],"dimensions,":[88],"respectively,":[89],"using":[90,122],"CEC":[92],"2017":[93],"benchmark":[94],"function":[95],"suite.":[96],"addition,":[98],"PGWCA":[100,138,174],"has":[102,189],"used":[104],"solve":[106],"multilevel":[108],"image":[109,152,193],"threshold":[110,153],"segmentation":[111,120,154],"problem":[112],"segmenting":[114],"eight":[115],"images":[116],"evaluating":[118],"results":[121,130,171],"three":[123],"metrics:":[124],"PSNR,":[125],"SSIM,":[126],"FSIM.":[128],"show":[131,172],"that":[132,173],"out":[133,163],"29":[135],"test":[136],"functions,":[137],"achieved":[139,160],"best":[141,157],"(minimum)":[142],"value":[143],"17,":[144],"20,":[145],"16":[147],"times,":[148],"respectively.":[149],"experiments,":[155],"was":[159],"60":[161],"times":[162],"all":[165],"72":[166],"evaluated":[167],"comparisons.":[168],"experimental":[170],"achieves":[175],"better":[176],"in":[178,192],"identifying":[179],"optimal":[181],"solution":[182],"improving":[184],"convergence":[186],"performance,":[187],"good":[190],"segmentation.":[194],"code":[196],"available":[198],"download":[200],"at":[201],"following":[203],"link:":[204],"https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1I-5k-IzTP7cUvZqdo7YV-jOz1Zfka42j?usp=drive_link.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}