{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409762105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3564137","title":"On-Device Automatic Speech Recognition for Low-Resource Languages in Mixed Reality Industrial Metaverse Applications: Practical Guidelines and Evaluation of a Shipbuilding Application in Galician","display_name":"On-Device Automatic Speech Recognition for Low-Resource Languages in Mixed Reality Industrial Metaverse Applications: Practical Guidelines and Evaluation of a Shipbuilding Application in Galician","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409762105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3564137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3564137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3564137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3564137","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115607234","display_name":"Ant\u00f3n Valladares-Poncela","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ant\u00f3n Valladares-Poncela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science, Universidade da Coru&#x00F1;a, A Coru&#x00F1;a, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science, Universidade da Coru&#x00F1;a, A Coru&#x00F1;a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090443440","display_name":"Paula Fraga\u2010Lamas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4991-6808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paula Fraga-Lamas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science, Universidade da Coru&#x00F1;a, A Coru&#x00F1;a, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science, Universidade da Coru&#x00F1;a, A Coru&#x00F1;a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081216987","display_name":"Tiago M. Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Caram\u00e9s","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-5917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11019714","display_name":"Universidade da Coru\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/01qckj285","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiago M. Fern\u00e1ndez-Caram\u00e9s","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science, Universidade da Coru&#x00F1;a, A Coru&#x00F1;a, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science, Universidade da Coru&#x00F1;a, A Coru&#x00F1;a, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5115607234"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11019714"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":11.3657,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97946851,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"77017","last_page":"77038"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.7764000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.7764000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13310","display_name":"Subtitles and Audiovisual Media","score":0.7078999876976013,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.695900022983551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7640330195426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shipbuilding","display_name":"Shipbuilding","score":0.6557753086090088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.5520395636558533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.5068796277046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaverse","display_name":"Metaverse","score":0.49517717957496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.48745012283325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-reality","display_name":"Mixed reality","score":0.4821488559246063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"Augmented reality","score":0.42152997851371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.39060160517692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.32061293721199036}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7640330195426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65542768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474200","display_name":"Shipbuilding","level":2,"score":0.6557753086090088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5520395636558533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5068796277046204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53332860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632041","display_name":"Metaverse","level":3,"score":0.49517717957496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.48745012283325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206776904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758389","display_name":"Mixed reality","level":3,"score":0.4821488559246063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.42152997851371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.39060160517692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.32061293721199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3564137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3564137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d29b0a7918c54cdf9892062e94432360","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d29b0a7918c54cdf9892062e94432360","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 77017-77038 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3564137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3564137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G174880290","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IN853C 2022/01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326633","funder_display_name":"Axencia Galega de Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6426926602","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IN853C 2022/01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326633","display_name":"Axencia Galega de Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/02vcxyt85"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W126815945","https://openalex.org/W188048097","https://openalex.org/W2091746061","https://openalex.org/W2156279557","https://openalex.org/W2166400748","https://openalex.org/W2761434131","https://openalex.org/W2790452817","https://openalex.org/W2802073917","https://openalex.org/W2809941692","https://openalex.org/W2893990858","https://openalex.org/W2894877413","https://openalex.org/W2911291251","https://openalex.org/W2990305579","https://openalex.org/W2991321657","https://openalex.org/W3086863954","https://openalex.org/W3090474612","https://openalex.org/W3096032230","https://openalex.org/W3115021520","https://openalex.org/W3116889726","https://openalex.org/W3127315956","https://openalex.org/W3138431583","https://openalex.org/W3168770049","https://openalex.org/W3211884931","https://openalex.org/W3212880672","https://openalex.org/W4229050860","https://openalex.org/W4312940001","https://openalex.org/W4380682053","https://openalex.org/W4381569722","https://openalex.org/W4385410998","https://openalex.org/W4386323309","https://openalex.org/W4392972190","https://openalex.org/W4405695309","https://openalex.org/W6636963299","https://openalex.org/W6767064347","https://openalex.org/W6767780588","https://openalex.org/W6769263558","https://openalex.org/W6780218876","https://openalex.org/W6799483340"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4378228679","https://openalex.org/W2736982640","https://openalex.org/W4378228262","https://openalex.org/W3107375852","https://openalex.org/W4320495410","https://openalex.org/W2752321621","https://openalex.org/W2902898664","https://openalex.org/W2789244453","https://openalex.org/W3205251208","https://openalex.org/W4285815440"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,33,59,74,106,113,133,136,152,157,195,198],"Metaverse":[2,127],"and":[3,13,35,70,87,109,125,181],"Mixed":[4],"Reality":[5],"(MR)":[6],"technologies":[7],"continue":[8],"to":[9,131],"evolve,":[10],"enabling":[11],"natural":[12],"intuitive":[14],"user":[15],"interfaces":[16],"is":[17],"crucial.":[18],"However,":[19],"supporting":[20],"low-resource":[21,48],"languages":[22],"in":[23,143,156,163,204],"these":[24],"advanced":[25],"systems":[26],"presents":[27],"unique":[28],"challenges.":[29],"This":[30],"article":[31],"explores":[32],"development":[34],"deployment":[36],"of":[37,112,135,151,184,197],"an":[38,119,144,164,189],"on-device":[39,120],"Automatic":[40],"Speech":[41],"Recognition":[42],"(ASR)":[43],"system":[44,66,122,199],"for":[45,76,95,123,148,200],"Galician,":[46],"a":[47,168,174,182],"language":[49],"spoken":[50],"by":[51,72],"less":[52],"than":[53],"3":[54,186],"million":[55],"people,":[56],"implemented":[57],"on":[58],"Microsoft":[60],"HoloLens":[61],"2":[62],"MR":[63,206],"glasses.":[64],"The":[65,170],"prioritizes":[67],"data":[68],"privacy":[69],"security":[71],"eliminating":[73],"need":[75],"Internet":[77],"connectivity":[78],"or":[79],"external":[80],"processing.":[81],"Key":[82],"implementation":[83],"choices,":[84],"including":[85],"software":[86],"libraries,":[88],"are":[89],"detailed,":[90],"along":[91],"with":[92],"optimization":[93],"strategies":[94],"minimizing":[96],"latency.":[97],"Performance":[98],"evaluations,":[99],"taking":[100],"into":[101],"account":[102],"noise-simulated":[103],"environments,":[104],"demonstrate":[105,132],"high":[107],"accuracy":[108],"low":[110],"latency":[111,183],"system,":[114,138],"proving":[115],"its":[116,160],"effectiveness":[117,134,196],"as":[118],"ASR":[121],"current":[124],"future":[126],"applications.":[128],"In":[129],"order":[130],"developed":[137],"it":[139],"has":[140],"been":[141],"incorporated":[142],"electrical":[145],"outfitting":[146],"application":[147],"Navantia,":[149],"one":[150],"largest":[153],"shipbuilding":[154],"companies":[155],"world,":[158],"illustrating":[159],"practical":[161],"utility":[162],"industrial":[165,205],"scenario":[166],"like":[167],"shipyard.":[169],"results":[171],"obtained":[172],"show":[173],"Character":[175],"Error":[176],"Rate":[177],"(CER)":[178],"below":[179],"6%":[180],"under":[185],"seconds":[187],"using":[188],"ARM64":[190],"quantized":[191],"model,":[192],"which":[193],"validates":[194],"real-time":[201],"voice":[202],"control":[203],"environments.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
