{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409581351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3562215","title":"Innovative Filter for Nonlinear Multitarget Tracking: Improved SCKF-GM-DLPMBM Filter and Its Implementation","display_name":"Innovative Filter for Nonlinear Multitarget Tracking: Improved SCKF-GM-DLPMBM Filter and Its Implementation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409581351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3562215"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3562215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3562215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3562215","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071086428","display_name":"Yubin Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6237-6377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898894","display_name":"Liaoning University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ay23762","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yubin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, P R China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, P R China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045069209","display_name":"Bo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1794-234X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898894","display_name":"Liaoning University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ay23762","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, P R China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, P R China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107913622","display_name":"Jinyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8571-9368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898894","display_name":"Liaoning University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ay23762","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, P R China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, P R China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101696407","display_name":"Zhikang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-2981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898894","display_name":"Liaoning University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ay23762","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhikang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, P R China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, P R China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071086428"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898894"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06223784,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"72603","last_page":"72619"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.955299973487854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.955299973487854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9484000205993652,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9315000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.6125693321228027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5482396483421326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5301467180252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5020356178283691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filtering-theory","display_name":"Filtering theory","score":0.45300331711769104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-filter","display_name":"Nonlinear filter","score":0.44356369972229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3561166226863861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter-design","display_name":"Filter design","score":0.322983980178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2932305335998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2825115919113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07020482420921326}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6125693321228027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5482396483421326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5301467180252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5020356178283691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988922011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449244","display_name":"Filtering theory","level":2,"score":0.45300331711769104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137685913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4316763","display_name":"Nonlinear filter","level":4,"score":0.44356369972229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3561166226863861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22597639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449227","display_name":"Filter design","level":3,"score":0.322983980178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2932305335998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2825115919113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07020482420921326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3562215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3562215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5a43b17ed7674dc29982e821e6219691","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5a43b17ed7674dc29982e821e6219691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 72603-72619 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3562215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3562215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3570048449","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JYTMS20230862","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4582257072","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020-MS-292","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2110012495","https://openalex.org/W2142300547","https://openalex.org/W2176401720","https://openalex.org/W2238083803","https://openalex.org/W2296664252","https://openalex.org/W2595600061","https://openalex.org/W2742210669","https://openalex.org/W2772534649","https://openalex.org/W2791961936","https://openalex.org/W2794830497","https://openalex.org/W2902283662","https://openalex.org/W2948034885","https://openalex.org/W2969740029","https://openalex.org/W2999756127","https://openalex.org/W3002358929","https://openalex.org/W3011504574","https://openalex.org/W3013404017","https://openalex.org/W3016056009","https://openalex.org/W3047395687","https://openalex.org/W3083908220","https://openalex.org/W3085878220","https://openalex.org/W3108660956","https://openalex.org/W3174643405","https://openalex.org/W3195925032","https://openalex.org/W3197728030","https://openalex.org/W4213194861","https://openalex.org/W4220681056","https://openalex.org/W4223479823","https://openalex.org/W4378804761","https://openalex.org/W4387385758","https://openalex.org/W4390605264","https://openalex.org/W4394862668","https://openalex.org/W4396712968","https://openalex.org/W4400409722","https://openalex.org/W6726484312"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2215635302","https://openalex.org/W2390004645","https://openalex.org/W2369001708","https://openalex.org/W2029959729","https://openalex.org/W303963093","https://openalex.org/W1489991992","https://openalex.org/W1989175590","https://openalex.org/W1804581352","https://openalex.org/W2095558912","https://openalex.org/W2375632876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,193],"Poisson":[1,81],"multi-Bernoulli":[2,88],"mixture":[3,89,183],"(PMBM)":[4],"filter":[5,59,75,123,185,191],"is":[6,76,110,120,200,218],"capable":[7],"of":[8,12,23,32,141,150,170,180,196,212,227,241],"estimating":[9],"the":[10,21,24,30,49,57,69,74,104,124,129,139,147,151,168,181,187,204,209,213,222,228,239,242],"states":[11],"multiple":[13],"targets":[14],"based":[15],"on":[16],"available":[17],"measurements.":[18],"To":[19,166,207],"address":[20,146],"limitations":[22],"traditional":[25],"PMBM":[26,51,58,153],"filter,":[27,154],"which":[28,92],"involves":[29],"enumeration":[31,140],"assumptions":[33],"that":[34],"increases":[35],"computational":[36],"time":[37],"and":[38,66,71,85,94,100,115,131,158,224],"leads":[39],"to":[40,122,145,237],"inaccurate":[41],"state":[42],"estimates":[43,149],"under":[44,173],"noisy":[45],"conditions,":[46,175],"we":[47,176],"propose":[48],"dual-label":[50],"(DLPMBM)":[52],"filter.":[53,206,230,245],"This":[54,136],"paper":[55],"enhances":[56],"by":[60,202],"incorporating":[61],"labels":[62],"for":[63],"both":[64,221],"measurements":[65],"targets.":[67,102],"In":[68],"prediction":[70,223],"update":[72,95,134,225],"phases,":[73],"divided":[77],"into":[78,128],"a":[79,86,112],"labeled":[80,87],"point":[82],"process":[83,198],"(LPPP)":[84],"(LMBM)":[90],"process,":[91],"predict":[93],"undetected":[96],"targets,":[97,99],"potential":[98],"surviving":[101],"During":[103],"measurement":[105,109,133],"generation":[106],"phase,":[107],"each":[108],"assigned":[111],"unique":[113],"label,":[114],"an":[116,155,178],"improved":[117,201],"elliptical":[118],"gate":[119],"used":[121],"measurements,":[125],"embedding":[126],"them":[127],"LPPP":[130],"LMBM":[132],"processes.":[135],"approach":[137],"reduces":[138],"global":[142],"hypotheses.":[143],"Furthermore,":[144],"imprecise":[148],"conventional":[152,171],"optimization":[156],"method":[157],"its":[159],"implementation":[160,179],"are":[161,235],"proposed":[162,243],"in":[163,220],"this":[164],"study.":[165],"mitigate":[167],"uncertainties":[169],"filters":[172],"nonlinear":[174],"develop":[177],"Gaussian":[182],"DLPMBM":[184,229,244],"using":[186],"square-root":[188],"cubature":[189],"Kalman":[190],"(SCKF).":[192],"covariance":[194],"matrix":[195],"unknown":[197],"noise":[199],"integrating":[203],"Sage-Husa":[205],"ensure":[208],"positive":[210],"definiteness":[211],"estimated":[214],"covariance,":[215],"Cholesky":[216],"decomposition":[217],"employed":[219],"phases":[226],"Finally,":[231],"multitarget":[232],"tracking":[233],"experiments":[234],"conducted":[236],"demonstrate":[238],"performance":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
