{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409494162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561581","title":"LM-CLIP: Adapting Positive Asymmetric Loss for Long-Tailed Multi-Label Classification","display_name":"LM-CLIP: Adapting Positive Asymmetric Loss for Long-Tailed Multi-Label Classification","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409494162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561581"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3561581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561581","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049176113","display_name":"C. Timmermann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Timmermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108654851","display_name":"Seunghyeon Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9463-1194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seunghyeon Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020736848","display_name":"Minsu Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miso Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108049393","display_name":"Woojin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7432-4185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205490536","display_name":"Dongguk University","ror":"https://ror.org/057q6n778","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woojin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Dongguk University, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049176113"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205490536"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.4906,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94950259,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"71053","last_page":"71065"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9581999778747559,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9581999778747559,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5946388244628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3975628614425659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38416147232055664}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5946388244628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3975628614425659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38416147232055664}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3561581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7936c4b039244bcdabbd79882ddeb2f1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7936c4b039244bcdabbd79882ddeb2f1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 71053-71065 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3561581","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561581","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6139052211","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022R1F1A1074393","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6153356302","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2023-2020-0-01789","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7592209780","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2023-RS-2023-00254592","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2605572715","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W3084798277","https://openalex.org/W3095707208","https://openalex.org/W3179096061","https://openalex.org/W3198377975","https://openalex.org/W4214673031","https://openalex.org/W4225922615","https://openalex.org/W4312310776","https://openalex.org/W4312956471","https://openalex.org/W4366352743","https://openalex.org/W4382468523","https://openalex.org/W4386075949","https://openalex.org/W4386113259","https://openalex.org/W4390190073","https://openalex.org/W4390873546","https://openalex.org/W4399208913","https://openalex.org/W4402860305","https://openalex.org/W4403725862","https://openalex.org/W6768920361","https://openalex.org/W6791353385","https://openalex.org/W6801948084","https://openalex.org/W6803476161","https://openalex.org/W6804489521","https://openalex.org/W6811013733","https://openalex.org/W6839546733","https://openalex.org/W6841948981","https://openalex.org/W6850000361","https://openalex.org/W6853009528","https://openalex.org/W6862257250","https://openalex.org/W6870330407","https://openalex.org/W6872748643","https://openalex.org/W6929271115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"multi-label":[1],"image":[2,53],"classification":[3],"is":[4,97,105,142,208],"essential":[5],"for":[6],"real-world":[7],"applications,":[8],"especially":[9],"in":[10,127,198],"scenarios":[11],"with":[12],"long-tailed":[13,128],"class":[14],"distributions,":[15],"where":[16,94],"some":[17],"classes":[18,49,167],"appear":[19],"frequently":[20],"while":[21],"others":[22],"are":[23],"rare.":[24],"This":[25,104],"imbalance":[26],"often":[27],"leads":[28],"to":[29,34],"biased":[30],"models":[31,146],"that":[32,111,164],"struggle":[33],"accurately":[35],"recognize":[36],"underrepresented":[37],"classes.":[38,103,139],"Existing":[39],"methods":[40],"either":[41],"trade":[42],"off":[43],"performance":[44,136],"between":[45],"head":[46],"and":[47,149,184,195],"tail":[48],"or":[50],"rely":[51],"on":[52,144,169,182],"captions,":[54],"limiting":[55],"adaptability.":[56],"To":[57],"address":[58],"these":[59],"limitations,":[60],"we":[61,158],"propose":[62],"<italic":[63,76],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[64,77],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">LM-CLIP</i>,":[65],"a":[66,71,108,121,160],"novel":[67],"framework":[68,141],"built":[69,143],"around":[70],"unified":[72],"loss":[73,85,110,131],"function.":[74],"Our":[75,140,206],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Balanced":[78],"Asymmetric":[79],"Loss":[80],"(BAL)</i>":[81],"extends":[82],"traditional":[83],"asymmetric":[84],"by":[86,107],"emphasizing":[87],"the":[88,95,117,188],"gradients":[89],"of":[90,154,190],"rare":[91,166],"positive":[92],"samples":[93,114],"model":[96],"uncertain,":[98],"mitigating":[99],"bias":[100],"toward":[101],"dominant":[102],"complemented":[106],"contrastive":[109],"pushes":[112],"negative":[113],"further":[115],"from":[116,152],"decision":[118],"boundary,":[119],"creating":[120],"more":[122],"optimal":[123],"embedding":[124],"space":[125],"even":[126],"scenarios.":[129],"These":[130],"functions":[132],"together":[133],"ensure":[134],"balanced":[135],"across":[137],"all":[138],"pre-trained":[145],"utilizing":[147],"textual":[148],"visual":[150],"features":[151],"millions":[153],"image-text":[155],"pairs.":[156],"Furthermore,":[157],"incorporate":[159],"dynamic":[161],"sampling":[162],"strategy":[163],"prioritizes":[165],"based":[168],"their":[170],"occurrence,":[171],"which":[172],"ensures":[173],"effective":[174],"training":[175],"without":[176],"compromising":[177],"overall":[178],"performance.":[179],"Experiments":[180],"conducted":[181],"VOC-MLT":[183],"COCO-MLT":[185],"benchmarks":[186],"demonstrate":[187],"effectiveness":[189],"our":[191],"approach,":[192],"achieving":[193],"+4.66%":[194],"+8.14%":[196],"improvements":[197],"mean":[199],"Average":[200],"Precision":[201],"(mAP)":[202],"over":[203],"state-of-the-art":[204],"methods.":[205],"code":[207],"publicly":[209],"available":[210],"at":[211],"https://github.com/damilab/lm-clip.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-12T08:34:05.389933","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
