{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409494189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561315","title":"Application of Artificial Intelligence in Tinnitus Diagnosis and Treatment: A Pilot Study","display_name":"Application of Artificial Intelligence in Tinnitus Diagnosis and Treatment: A Pilot Study","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409494189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561315"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3561315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561315","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042770904","display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8647-7066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141942","display_name":"Peking University Third Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04wwqze12","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141942"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8647-7066","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I4210141942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kaixiang Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5733-2894"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaixiang Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Camas High School, Camas, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5733-2894","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Camas High School, Camas, WA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088736796","display_name":"Richard S. Tyler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2101-4714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Tyler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology and of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA","Department of Otolaryngology and of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology and of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology and of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhaoyi Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3501-9532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141942","display_name":"Peking University Third Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04wwqze12","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141942"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoyi Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3501-9532","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I4210141942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031980455","display_name":"Shan Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2833-913X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141942","display_name":"Peking University Third Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04wwqze12","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141942"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I4210141942"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100958540","display_name":"Yufei Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6992-3852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141942","display_name":"Peking University Third Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04wwqze12","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141942"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufei Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I4210141942"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086995869","display_name":"Tao Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2328-2461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141942","display_name":"Peking University Third Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04wwqze12","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141942"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I4210141942"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.918,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72414001,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"75718","last_page":"75726"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9057999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9057999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6505106091499329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tinnitus","display_name":"Tinnitus","score":0.649294376373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46629470586776733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audiology","display_name":"Audiology","score":0.22611960768699646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.20303961634635925}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6505106091499329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776992516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192309","display_name":"Tinnitus","level":2,"score":0.649294376373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46629470586776733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.22611960768699646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.20303961634635925}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3561315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fd94853ab4b742818eaf3f2260e162c2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fd94853ab4b742818eaf3f2260e162c2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 75718-75726 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3561315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4412907208","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HDCXZHKC2022211","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325739","funder_display_name":"Peking University Third Hospital"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7189675272","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BYSYZHKC2022111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325739","funder_display_name":"Peking University Third Hospital"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325739","display_name":"Peking University Third Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04wwqze12"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531148331","https://openalex.org/W1602160603","https://openalex.org/W1972987258","https://openalex.org/W1977442242","https://openalex.org/W2038102787","https://openalex.org/W2154026132","https://openalex.org/W3156362784","https://openalex.org/W3176916417","https://openalex.org/W4200190113","https://openalex.org/W4220862305","https://openalex.org/W4286619091","https://openalex.org/W4290659914","https://openalex.org/W4295441474","https://openalex.org/W4366827177","https://openalex.org/W4393188524","https://openalex.org/W4401540325","https://openalex.org/W6737947904","https://openalex.org/W6765451912","https://openalex.org/W6781072451","https://openalex.org/W6845504887"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2333533852","https://openalex.org/W2297779309","https://openalex.org/W2139696050","https://openalex.org/W2239705608","https://openalex.org/W2762112353","https://openalex.org/W624181032","https://openalex.org/W2965355650"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tinnitus":[0],"is":[1,9,62,80,223],"the":[2,18,40,93,153,188,191,194,200,203,212,220],"perception":[3],"of":[4,21,89,128,133,190,211,219,240],"phantom":[5],"sound":[6,11],"when":[7],"there":[8,68,79],"no":[10,70,81],"source,":[12],"often":[13],"described":[14],"as":[15,161],"ringing":[16],"in":[17],"ear.":[19],"Symptoms":[20],"tinnitus":[22,60,85,129,157,179,184],"vary":[23],"significantly":[24,120],"from":[25],"person":[26],"to":[27,35,39,177,198,208],"person.":[28],"Its":[29],"severity":[30],"can":[31,45,151],"be":[32],"largely":[33],"attributed":[34],"an":[36,51,138,170,174],"individual\u2019s":[37],"reaction":[38],"condition.":[41,77],"While":[42],"some":[43],"people":[44],"go":[46],"on":[47,101,182,234],"without":[48],"medical":[49,55],"intervention,":[50],"increasing":[52],"number":[53],"seek":[54],"help.":[56],"Unlike":[57],"other":[58],"diseases,":[59],"pathophysiology":[61],"complex":[63],"and":[64,87,103,118,123,131,145,159,202,227],"sometimes":[65],"inexplicable.":[66],"Currently,":[67],"are":[69,98,113],"universally":[71],"accepted":[72],"treatment":[73,180,231],"options":[74],"for":[75,109,141,229],"this":[76,166],"Moreover,":[78],"well-established":[82],"correlation":[83],"between":[84,121,156,225],"features":[86,130,158],"projection":[88],"treatment.":[90],"In":[91,165],"practice,":[92],"treatments":[94,136],"provided":[95],"by":[96,163],"practitioners":[97],"not":[99],"based":[100,181,233],"defined":[102],"regulated":[104],"rules":[105],"or":[106],"expected":[107],"outcomes":[108],"patients.":[110],"Instead,":[111],"they":[112],"at":[114],"a":[115,235],"certain":[116],"level":[117],"differ":[119],"clinicians":[122],"across":[124],"regions.":[125],"The":[126,215],"complexity":[127],"lack":[132],"well-adapted":[134],"prognostic":[135],"present":[137],"excellent":[139],"opportunity":[140],"Artificial":[142],"Intelligence":[143],"(AI)":[144],"Machine":[146],"Learning":[147],"(ML).":[148],"AI":[149,171],"models":[150],"learn":[152],"intricate":[154],"patterns":[155],"treatments,":[160],"suggested":[162,213],"experts.":[164],"study,":[167],"we":[168],"trained":[169,221],"model":[172,205,222],"with":[173],"expert":[175],"system":[176],"predict":[178,209],"patients\u2019":[183],"symptoms.":[185],"We":[186],"describe":[187],"curation":[189],"input":[192,237],"data,":[193],"algorithm":[195],"(CTGan)":[196],"used":[197],"extend":[199],"dataset,":[201],"ML":[204],"(Random":[206],"Forest)":[207],"each":[210],"treatments.":[214],"average":[216],"accuracy":[217],"score":[218],"currently":[224],"0.81":[226],"0.96":[228],"most":[230],"predictions,":[232],"small":[236],"dataset":[238],"size":[239],"300":[241],"samples.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}