{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409473848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561240","title":"EG-VAN: A Global and Local Attention-Based Dual-Branch Ensemble Network With Advanced Color Balancing for Multi-Class Skin Cancer Recognition","display_name":"EG-VAN: A Global and Local Attention-Based Dual-Branch Ensemble Network With Advanced Color Balancing for Multi-Class Skin Cancer Recognition","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409473848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561240"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3561240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561240","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101648026","display_name":"Adnan Saeed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7018-7646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I274311791","display_name":"Lahore Leads University","ror":"https://ror.org/030qptj94","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I274311791"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adnan Saeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Pakistan","Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7018-7646","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I274311791"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I274311791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076312948","display_name":"Khurram Shehzad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7129-5876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khurram Shehzad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China","Software College Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7129-5876","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software College Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078275003","display_name":"Saim Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2302-705X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saim Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2302-705X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109785220","display_name":"Ahmad Taher Azar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Taher Azar","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.8456,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97340586,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"72852","last_page":"72874"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10392","display_name":"Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10392","display_name":"Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6987961530685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.6326574087142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.6084157228469849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42794620990753174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6987961530685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.6326574087142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6084157228469849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42794620990753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3561240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6586b4fb653e49d6a0acf6ade23c9326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6586b4fb653e49d6a0acf6ade23c9326","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 72852-72874 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3561240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3561240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327702","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2809150600","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2976558185","https://openalex.org/W3036365526","https://openalex.org/W3049612666","https://openalex.org/W3082726869","https://openalex.org/W3086691244","https://openalex.org/W3094329596","https://openalex.org/W3115901151","https://openalex.org/W3135012562","https://openalex.org/W3181411924","https://openalex.org/W3188824159","https://openalex.org/W3202820355","https://openalex.org/W4200120391","https://openalex.org/W4206671419","https://openalex.org/W4211264657","https://openalex.org/W4214560328","https://openalex.org/W4220856798","https://openalex.org/W4225640122","https://openalex.org/W4285152660","https://openalex.org/W4292263242","https://openalex.org/W4298149876","https://openalex.org/W4308889883","https://openalex.org/W4311959437","https://openalex.org/W4318344284","https://openalex.org/W4323055215","https://openalex.org/W4324066829","https://openalex.org/W4362620048","https://openalex.org/W4362665647","https://openalex.org/W4367303100","https://openalex.org/W4380480439","https://openalex.org/W4382292469","https://openalex.org/W4385322174","https://openalex.org/W4387777460","https://openalex.org/W4388054372","https://openalex.org/W4388990231","https://openalex.org/W4389622027","https://openalex.org/W4390204228","https://openalex.org/W4392304829","https://openalex.org/W4393068803","https://openalex.org/W4396680659","https://openalex.org/W4399887480","https://openalex.org/W4399969687","https://openalex.org/W4400003647","https://openalex.org/W4401228409","https://openalex.org/W4403674701","https://openalex.org/W4403875965","https://openalex.org/W4406028239","https://openalex.org/W4406800216","https://openalex.org/W6753038380","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6793164127"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,62,92],"accurate":[1],"diagnosis":[2],"of":[3,59,208,212,217],"skin":[4,60,156,195],"cancer":[5,157,196],"remains":[6],"challenging":[7],"due":[8],"to":[9,26,103,120,134,147,175],"factors":[10],"like":[11],"intra-class":[12,111],"variation":[13],"and":[14,32,76,89,100,169,214],"inter-class":[15,122],"similarity":[16],"in":[17,50,98,202],"dermoscopic":[18],"images.":[19],"Despite":[20],"their":[21,33],"sophistication,":[22],"existing":[23],"methods":[24],"struggle":[25],"generalize":[27],"well":[28],"across":[29,151,155],"diverse":[30],"cases,":[31],"computational":[34],"complexity":[35],"often":[36],"limits":[37],"real-world":[38],"applicability.":[39],"To":[40],"address":[41],"these":[42],"challenges,":[43],"we":[44,139],"introduce":[45,140],"a":[46,78,83,141,210],"novel":[47],"dual-path":[48,63,126,181],"architecture":[49],"the":[51,114,180,193],"Efficient":[52],"Global-Vision":[53],"Attention-Net":[54],"(EG-VAN)":[55],"for":[56],"early":[57],"detection":[58],"cancer.":[61],"design":[64],"uniquely":[65],"combines":[66],"(1)":[67],"EfficientNetV2S,":[68],"which":[69],"processes":[70],"multi-scale":[71],"features":[72,150],"with":[73,82],"high":[74],"efficiency,":[75],"(2)":[77],"modified":[79],"ResNet50":[80],"enhanced":[81],"Spatial-Context":[84],"Group":[85],"Attention":[86],"(SCGA)":[87],"module":[88,94,146],"Non-Local":[90,115],"Block.":[91],"SCGA":[93],"captures":[95,117],"local-contextual":[96],"relationships":[97],"horizontal":[99],"vertical":[101],"directions":[102],"focus":[104],"on":[105,192],"subtle":[106],"lesion":[107,177],"details,":[108],"directly":[109],"addressing":[110],"variation,":[112],"while":[113],"Block":[116],"long-range":[118],"dependencies":[119],"resolve":[121],"similarity.":[123],"This":[124],"synergistic":[125],"fusion":[127],"ensures":[128],"comprehensive":[129],"feature":[130],"extraction,":[131],"enabling":[132],"EG-VAN":[133,188],"outperform":[135],"single-path":[136],"architectures.":[137],"Further,":[138],"Multi-Scale":[142],"Feature":[143],"Fusion":[144],"(MFF)":[145],"aggregate":[148],"hidden":[149],"scales,":[152],"improving":[153],"generalization":[154],"types.":[158],"Additionally,":[159],"our":[160,187],"pioneering":[161],"color":[162,173],"balancing":[163],"method,":[164],"inspired":[165],"by":[166,204],"Gray":[167],"World":[168],"Retinex":[170],"theory,":[171],"recalibrates":[172],"distribution":[174],"highlight":[176],"regions,":[178],"enhancing":[179],"network\u2019s":[182],"input":[183],"quality.":[184],"We":[185],"validate":[186],"through":[189],"extensive":[190],"experiments":[191,199],"9-class":[194],"dataset.":[197],"Our":[198],"show":[200],"improvement":[201],"performance":[203],"achieving":[205],"an":[206,215],"accuracy":[207],"98.20%,":[209],"recall":[211],"95.74%,":[213],"F1-Score":[216],"96.68%.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-28T08:01:55.173337","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}