{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409326474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3559218","title":"On-Chip CMOS Shorted Bow-Tie Antenna Enhanced by 3D Printed Parasitic Resonator Operating Around 246 GHz","display_name":"On-Chip CMOS Shorted Bow-Tie Antenna Enhanced by 3D Printed Parasitic Resonator Operating Around 246 GHz","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409326474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3559218"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3559218","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3559218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3559218","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019863445","display_name":"Joachim Hebeler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-5890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joachim Hebeler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Radio Frequency Engineering and Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Radio Frequency Engineering and Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054648649","display_name":"Pascal Maier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6655-6592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascal Maier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089166388","display_name":"Alexander Kotz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0459-6759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Kotz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026468546","display_name":"C. Koos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2690-0691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Koos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Photonics and Quantum Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058097859","display_name":"Akanksha Bhutani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-2688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akanksha Bhutani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Radio Frequency Engineering and Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Radio Frequency Engineering and Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049276067","display_name":"Thomas Zwick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1268-0766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Zwick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Radio Frequency Engineering and Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Radio Frequency Engineering and Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019863445"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.4842,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91405412,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"65955","last_page":"65965"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bow-tie","display_name":"Bow tie","score":0.6658006906509399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5843543410301208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5511207580566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resonator","display_name":"Resonator","score":0.5478456020355225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.49045082926750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.47314488887786865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printed","display_name":"3d printed","score":0.4584888815879822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4345824420452118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.431639164686203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2386149764060974}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777652565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4950686","display_name":"Bow tie","level":3,"score":0.6658006906509399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5843543410301208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5511207580566406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97126364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349669","display_name":"Resonator","level":2,"score":0.5478456020355225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.49045082926750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.47314488887786865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019308078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3d printed","level":2,"score":0.4584888815879822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4345824420452118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.431639164686203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2386149764060974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3559218","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3559218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b55fd673b6204191b7e5956eb92f2fdd","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b55fd673b6204191b7e5956eb92f2fdd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 65955-65965 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3559218","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3559218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1933397529","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"390761711","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G396834141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16ES0948","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4847238108","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"394221495","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8474369694","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"773248","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8866228967","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16KISK010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525424336","https://openalex.org/W1962483168","https://openalex.org/W1964352687","https://openalex.org/W2034736415","https://openalex.org/W2064227997","https://openalex.org/W2187972956","https://openalex.org/W2415673992","https://openalex.org/W2481400438","https://openalex.org/W2765645083","https://openalex.org/W2903049867","https://openalex.org/W2932725807","https://openalex.org/W2944353863","https://openalex.org/W2976401193","https://openalex.org/W3041454258","https://openalex.org/W3146438916","https://openalex.org/W3204678722","https://openalex.org/W4238521350","https://openalex.org/W4308086333","https://openalex.org/W4319986887","https://openalex.org/W4391616203","https://openalex.org/W4392061704","https://openalex.org/W4392523500","https://openalex.org/W4393034016","https://openalex.org/W4395116118","https://openalex.org/W6629011755","https://openalex.org/W6636862740","https://openalex.org/W6861062757","https://openalex.org/W7008077228"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058425668","https://openalex.org/W2594422408","https://openalex.org/W2542225665","https://openalex.org/W4244903235","https://openalex.org/W3014521742","https://openalex.org/W2955050777","https://openalex.org/W2059751975","https://openalex.org/W2580504822","https://openalex.org/W2765328031","https://openalex.org/W1947140717"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,133],"work":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,37,76,135],"design":[4,104],"process,":[5],"manufacturing,":[6],"and":[7,53,67,93,97,105,110,117],"measurement":[8],"of":[9,14,40,60,78,138],"an":[10,15],"antenna":[11,63,147],"system":[12],"consisting":[13],"on-chip":[16],"feeding":[17],"element":[18],"enhanced":[19],"by":[20,36],"3D":[21,91,141],"printed":[22,142],"parasitic":[23,86,131],"resonators":[24,125],"operating":[25,148],"around":[26,149],"246":[27,150],"GHz.":[28,151],"The":[29,49,72,103,112],"antennas":[30],"are":[31,65,115],"intended":[32],"to":[33],"be":[34],"fed":[35],"differential":[38],"output":[39],"a":[41,79,120,127,139,145],"wideband":[42],"binary":[43],"phase":[44],"shift":[45],"keying":[46],"(BPSK)":[47],"transmitter.":[48],"state-of-the-art":[50],"is":[51,83,95,108,134],"evaluated,":[52],"multiple":[54],"possible":[55],"complementary":[56],"metal-oxide-metal":[57],"(CMOS)":[58],"back-end":[59],"line":[61],"(BEOL)":[62],"structures":[64],"identified":[66],"compared":[68,118],"against":[69,119],"each":[70],"other.":[71],"best":[73],"option,":[74],"in":[75],"form":[77],"shorted":[80],"bow-tie":[81],"antenna,":[82],"selected.":[84],"A":[85],"resonator":[87],"structure":[88,143],"based":[89],"on":[90,126,144],"printing":[92],"metallization":[94],"designed":[96],"improved":[98],"using":[99,123],"common":[100],"mode":[101],"analysis.":[102],"optimization":[106],"process":[107],"detailed":[109],"explained.":[111],"realized":[113],"designs":[114],"measured":[116],"similar":[121],"concept":[122],"metallic":[124],"glass":[128],"substrate":[129],"as":[130],"resonators.":[132],"first":[136],"demonstration":[137],"direct":[140],"CMOS":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}