{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408860230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3554622","title":"An Enhanced Residual Architecture for Automated Detection of Bone Metastasis on Whole-Body SPECT Images","display_name":"An Enhanced Residual Architecture for Automated Detection of Bone Metastasis on Whole-Body SPECT Images","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408860230","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3554622"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3554622","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3554622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3554622","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jianwei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8082-5695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianwei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8082-5695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109332723","display_name":"Yusheng Hao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yusheng Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9395-4377","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074621033","display_name":"Qiang Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043459905","display_name":"Yongchun Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongchun Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007941220","display_name":"Zhengxing Man","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengxing Man","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100600360","display_name":"Weilan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-6601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145897649","display_name":"Minzu University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/0044e2g62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weilan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-6601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145897649"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9491,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72574657,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"56100","last_page":"56111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12386","display_name":"Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging","score":0.9573000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/whole-body-imaging","display_name":"Whole body imaging","score":0.6980302333831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6090278625488281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.5626559853553772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-photon-emission-computed-tomography","display_name":"Single-photon emission computed tomography","score":0.5295143127441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-imaging","display_name":"Bone imaging","score":0.48253390192985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.43108126521110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spect-imaging","display_name":"Spect imaging","score":0.419130802154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3705921471118927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positron-emission-tomography","display_name":"Positron emission tomography","score":0.3113986551761627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-medicine","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","score":0.304546594619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.16129803657531738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08303961157798767}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776410896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7997551","display_name":"Whole body imaging","level":3,"score":0.6980302333831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6090278625488281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.5626559853553772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780441642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849737","display_name":"Single-photon emission computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.5295143127441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909260394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928938","display_name":"Bone imaging","level":2,"score":0.48253390192985535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.43108126521110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984398910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849737","display_name":"Spect imaging","level":2,"score":0.419130802154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3705921471118927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775842073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208376","display_name":"Positron emission tomography","level":2,"score":0.3113986551761627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.304546594619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16129803657531738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08303961157798767}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3554622","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3554622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:491c1cbc84fa4b3ebb4dc59a5aaf0048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/491c1cbc84fa4b3ebb4dc59a5aaf0048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 56100-56111 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3554622","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3554622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G144842147","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62166036","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1461123737","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62362058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1550521833","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22JR11RA236","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322880","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1738719235","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31920230172","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3498996962","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20JR5RA511","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322880","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5660299511","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62466053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7119918162","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u5065\u5eb7\u6d41\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u6f14\u8fdb\u8d8b\u52bf\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0e\u5b9e\u65f6\u72b6\u6001\u8bc4\u6d4b\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61562075","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8078325894","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31920240092","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G852136721","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31920240099","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8883063265","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31920250032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322880","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W205594890","https://openalex.org/W1966395083","https://openalex.org/W1975020933","https://openalex.org/W2026280768","https://openalex.org/W2050418754","https://openalex.org/W2051385180","https://openalex.org/W2078087645","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2128631602","https://openalex.org/W2140824213","https://openalex.org/W2152526126","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2394599079","https://openalex.org/W2410258410","https://openalex.org/W2559785631","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2581082771","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2782234272","https://openalex.org/W2963091558","https://openalex.org/W2982220924","https://openalex.org/W2995654208","https://openalex.org/W3005061589","https://openalex.org/W3027428490","https://openalex.org/W3043289003","https://openalex.org/W3046103539","https://openalex.org/W3049521066","https://openalex.org/W3080336025","https://openalex.org/W3092312060","https://openalex.org/W3108891141","https://openalex.org/W3130593802","https://openalex.org/W3138784776","https://openalex.org/W3160874522","https://openalex.org/W3216717225","https://openalex.org/W4205463661","https://openalex.org/W4210910686","https://openalex.org/W4249216321","https://openalex.org/W4289752563","https://openalex.org/W4306777816","https://openalex.org/W4317936590","https://openalex.org/W4387221248","https://openalex.org/W4389817453","https://openalex.org/W4402825936","https://openalex.org/W6725235430","https://openalex.org/W6732478121"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002549839","https://openalex.org/W2994759164","https://openalex.org/W2154149596","https://openalex.org/W2438814781","https://openalex.org/W2911530055","https://openalex.org/W4293176485","https://openalex.org/W2056327490","https://openalex.org/W2417317414","https://openalex.org/W171655601","https://openalex.org/W2553353535"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Single-photon":[0],"emission":[1],"computed":[2],"tomography":[3],"(SPECT)":[4],"is":[5,63],"a":[6,18,76,82],"vital":[7],"technology":[8],"for":[9,66],"diagnosing":[10],"bone":[11],"metastases":[12],"and":[13,25,39,81,118,125],"other":[14],"skeletal":[15],"diseases,":[16],"playing":[17],"critical":[19],"role":[20],"in":[21,53,71],"the":[22,32,48,87,89,96,102,109,136,141],"early":[23],"diagnosis":[24,56],"treatment":[26],"of":[27,34,115,121,135],"bone-related":[28],"conditions.":[29],"To":[30],"address":[31],"challenges":[33],"physicians":[35],"dedicating":[36],"considerable":[37],"time":[38],"effort":[40],"to":[41,95,154],"analyzing":[42],"SPECT":[43],"images,":[44],"as":[45,47],"well":[46],"overly":[49],"complex":[50],"preprocessing":[51],"steps":[52],"existing":[54],"automatic":[55],"systems,":[57],"an":[58],"enhanced":[59],"residual":[60],"model":[61,91,110,150],"that":[62,108,147],"better":[64],"suited":[65],"clinical":[67],"applications":[68],"was":[69],"proposed":[70,90,149],"this":[72],"work.":[73],"By":[74],"incorporating":[75],"hybrid":[77],"convolutional":[78],"attention":[79],"module":[80,85],"pyramid":[83],"pooling":[84],"into":[86],"backbone,":[88],"achieves":[92,151],"comparable":[93,153],"performance":[94,152],"state-of-the-art":[97,155],"methods":[98],"while":[99],"substantially":[100],"simplifying":[101],"architecture.":[103],"The":[104,133],"experimental":[105],"results":[106,134],"show":[107],"achieved":[111],"accuracy,":[112],"recall,":[113],"proportion":[114],"true":[116],"positive":[117],"F-1":[119],"score":[120],"0.8721,":[122],"0.7951,":[123],"0.9349":[124],"0.8594":[126],"respectively":[127],"on":[128,140],"our":[129,148],"self-built":[130],"dataset,":[131],"MetaLung-SPECT.":[132],"comparative":[137],"experiments":[138],"conducted":[139],"public":[142],"BS-80K":[143],"dataset":[144],"further":[145],"corroborate":[146],"methods.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}