{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408715978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3553228","title":"Optimized Multi-Scale Detection and Numbering of Teeth in Panoramic Radiographs Using DentifyNet","display_name":"Optimized Multi-Scale Detection and Numbering of Teeth in Panoramic Radiographs Using DentifyNet","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408715978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3553228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3553228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3553228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3553228","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091876791","display_name":"Salih Taha Alperen \u00d6z\u00e7elik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7929-7542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143910747","display_name":"TH Bingen University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxkj057","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143910747"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salih Taha Alperen \u00d6z\u00e7elik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye","Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7929-7542","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143910747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080412755","display_name":"H\u00fcseyin \u00dczen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0998-2130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143910747","display_name":"TH Bingen University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxkj057","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143910747"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H\u00fcsey\u0456n \u00dczen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye","Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143910747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045216943","display_name":"Abdulkadir \u015eeng\u00fcr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1614-2639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143396566","display_name":"F\u0131rat University","ror":"https://ror.org/05teb7b63","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33976269","display_name":"Xerox (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/033q0mv79","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33976269","https://openalex.org/I4210132870"]}],"countries":["FR","TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulkadir Sengur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Fırat University, Elâziğ, Türkiye","Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1614-2639","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Fırat University, Elâziğ, Türkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33976269"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077647596","display_name":"Muammer T\u00fcrko\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2377-4979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115931","display_name":"Samsun University","ror":"https://ror.org/02brte405","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115931"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muammer T\u00fcrko\u011flu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering, Samsun University, Samsun, Türkiye","Department of Software Engineering, Samsun University, Samsun, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2377-4979","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, Samsun University, Samsun, Türkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115931"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, Samsun University, Samsun, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044275218","display_name":"Adalet \u00c7elebi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2471-1942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51780484","display_name":"Mersin \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/04nqdwb39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51780484"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adalet \u00c7elebi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye","Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2471-1942","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51780484"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51780484"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000378603","display_name":"Nebras Sobahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5788-5629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nebras M. Sobahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5788-5629","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.2535,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75252846,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"52353","last_page":"52368"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9793000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9650999903678894,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numbering","display_name":"Numbering","score":0.9188022017478943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiography","display_name":"Radiography","score":0.6346912384033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6125084161758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5333727598190308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dentistry","display_name":"Dentistry","score":0.4406552016735077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthodontics","display_name":"Orthodontics","score":0.39850062131881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33972153067588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2014693021774292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.0924941897392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.09182935953140259}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191916993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362019","display_name":"Numbering","level":2,"score":0.9188022017478943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.6346912384033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6125084161758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5333727598190308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.4406552016735077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.39850062131881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33972153067588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2014693021774292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0924941897392273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.09182935953140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3553228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3553228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5edd5068c65d46fda160db1639d383ec","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5edd5068c65d46fda160db1639d383ec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 52353-52368 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3553228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3553228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3189625083","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TEKF.24.46","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335557","funder_display_name":"Firat University Scientific Research Projects Management Unit"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335557","display_name":"Firat University Scientific Research Projects Management Unit","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2016915886","https://openalex.org/W2105725330","https://openalex.org/W2612624696","https://openalex.org/W2883089513","https://openalex.org/W2920073091","https://openalex.org/W2962766617","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W3034429256","https://openalex.org/W3049469327","https://openalex.org/W3139415545","https://openalex.org/W3166089751","https://openalex.org/W3166606621","https://openalex.org/W3189621102","https://openalex.org/W3205574907","https://openalex.org/W3206748021","https://openalex.org/W3217632695","https://openalex.org/W4221129905","https://openalex.org/W4239692759","https://openalex.org/W4285507347","https://openalex.org/W4313321635","https://openalex.org/W4361247740","https://openalex.org/W4363649209","https://openalex.org/W4379878053","https://openalex.org/W4382658133","https://openalex.org/W4383187663","https://openalex.org/W4388294379","https://openalex.org/W4388979088","https://openalex.org/W4390637996","https://openalex.org/W4391670885","https://openalex.org/W4392193468","https://openalex.org/W6712863333","https://openalex.org/W6727249380","https://openalex.org/W6737664043","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6766978945"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380905223","https://openalex.org/W2316187651","https://openalex.org/W2005053760","https://openalex.org/W74604206","https://openalex.org/W1485272726","https://openalex.org/W2339556925","https://openalex.org/W4319083705","https://openalex.org/W2372287279","https://openalex.org/W2364846444","https://openalex.org/W2360169700"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Manual":[0],"tooth":[1,48,156],"detection":[2,49,76,157],"and":[3,10,19,31,50,71,82,122,137,158,168,175],"numbering":[4,51,95],"in":[5,33,52],"panoramic":[6,53,86],"radiographs":[7,87],"are":[8],"time-consuming":[9],"prone":[11],"to":[12,28,74,171],"human":[13],"errors,":[14],"negatively":[15],"impacting":[16],"diagnostic":[17],"accuracy":[18,123],"treatment":[20],"outcomes.":[21],"These":[22,140],"challenges":[23],"necessitate":[24],"robust":[25],"automated":[26,155],"solutions":[27],"improve":[29],"efficiency":[30],"precision":[32,113],"dental":[34,90],"imaging.":[35],"This":[36],"study":[37],"introduces":[38],"DentifyNet,":[39],"a":[40,58,151],"novel":[41],"deep":[42],"learning":[43],"architecture":[44,127],"designed":[45],"for":[46,154],"automatic":[47],"radiography":[54],"images.":[55],"DentifyNet":[56,101,144],"integrates":[57],"customized":[59],"Faster":[60,147],"R-CNN":[61,148],"framework":[62],"with":[63,105],"Feature":[64],"Pyramid":[65],"Networks":[66],"(FPN),":[67],"flexible":[68],"anchor":[69],"structures,":[70],"RoI":[72],"Align":[73],"enhance":[75],"precision.":[77],"The":[78,126],"model":[79],"was":[80],"trained":[81],"evaluated":[83],"on":[84,164],"468":[85],"annotated":[88],"by":[89],"experts":[91],"using":[92],"the":[93],"FDI":[94],"system.":[96],"Experimental":[97],"results":[98],"demonstrate":[99],"that":[100,143],"achieved":[102],"state-of-the-art":[103],"performance":[104],"an":[106],"Intersection":[107],"over":[108],"Union":[109],"(IoU)":[110],"of":[111,114,117,120,124],"86.42%,":[112],"97.52%,":[115],"recall":[116],"97.49%,":[118],"F1-score":[119],"97.51%,":[121],"97.50%.":[125],"effectively":[128],"detects":[129],"challenging":[130],"cases,":[131],"such":[132],"as":[133],"adjacent":[134],"similar":[135],"teeth":[136],"missing":[138],"teeth.":[139],"findings":[141],"suggest":[142],"surpasses":[145],"standard":[146],"architectures,":[149],"offering":[150],"reliable":[152],"solution":[153],"numbering.":[159],"Future":[160],"research":[161],"will":[162],"focus":[163],"utilizing":[165],"broader":[166],"datasets":[167],"architectural":[169],"advancements":[170],"address":[172],"current":[173],"limitations":[174],"expand":[176],"clinical":[177],"applications.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}