{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408609379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552834","title":"ECMS-Based MPC Strategy for Multi-Mode Hybrid Electric Trucks","display_name":"ECMS-Based MPC Strategy for Multi-Mode Hybrid Electric Trucks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408609379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552834"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3552834","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552834","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036824294","display_name":"Longjian Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Longjian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001181727","display_name":"Changqing Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1292-8773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changqing Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067294959","display_name":"Xiangyu Gongye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0365-3600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyu Gongye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100611134","display_name":"Jinhai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-9597"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036824294"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.5996,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88565797,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"53241","last_page":"53253"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.9391000270843506,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10192","display_name":"Catalytic Processes in Materials Science","score":0.9369000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/truck","display_name":"Truck","score":0.7986334562301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.513901948928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.5046452283859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.24127212166786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11213105916976929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52121051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43193","display_name":"Truck","level":2,"score":0.7986334562301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.513901948928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.5046452283859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.24127212166786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11213105916976929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3552834","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:73b746f213be4e1db15352db7d5d393a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/73b746f213be4e1db15352db7d5d393a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 53241-53253 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3552834","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552834","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2615211202","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AA23062058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4779801976","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024010702020025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336602","funder_display_name":"Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5962472314","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AA23062058","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336589","funder_display_name":"Guangxi Key Research and Development Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336589","display_name":"Guangxi Key Research and Development Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336602","display_name":"Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2150732662","https://openalex.org/W2527949876","https://openalex.org/W2752306854","https://openalex.org/W2904025397","https://openalex.org/W2950194548","https://openalex.org/W2974193225","https://openalex.org/W3045003233","https://openalex.org/W3086611330","https://openalex.org/W3088699070","https://openalex.org/W3093336825","https://openalex.org/W3200176450","https://openalex.org/W4200028845","https://openalex.org/W4205452196","https://openalex.org/W4213306647","https://openalex.org/W4225744797","https://openalex.org/W4287888103","https://openalex.org/W4307407995","https://openalex.org/W4309701395","https://openalex.org/W4380484911","https://openalex.org/W4384306284","https://openalex.org/W4386223840","https://openalex.org/W4386569353","https://openalex.org/W4390571837","https://openalex.org/W4391812151","https://openalex.org/W4401326289","https://openalex.org/W4402597077","https://openalex.org/W4407672975"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1517019597","https://openalex.org/W4404544825","https://openalex.org/W1968776045","https://openalex.org/W2296713838","https://openalex.org/W767149399","https://openalex.org/W3036261569","https://openalex.org/W575062473"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"address":[1],"the":[2,32,81,90,96,101,112,116,128,133,144,159],"adaptive":[3,109],"energy":[4,43],"management":[5,44],"optimization":[6],"challenge":[7],"of":[8,14,111,158,163],"a":[9,53,60,138,149,164],"hybrid":[10,49],"powertrain":[11],"system":[12],"consisting":[13],"an":[15,23,41],"internal":[16],"combustion":[17],"engine":[18],"and":[19,155],"dual":[20],"electric":[21,50],"motors,":[22],"Equivalent":[24],"Consumption":[25],"Minimization":[26],"Strategy":[27],"(ECMS)":[28],"is":[29,56,83],"introduced":[30],"into":[31],"Model":[33],"Predictive":[34],"Control":[35],"(MPC)":[36],"framework.":[37],"This":[38,106],"paper":[39],"proposes":[40],"MPC-ECMS":[42],"strategy":[45,131,136],"tailored":[46],"for":[47,70,89,121],"multi-mode":[48],"trucks.":[51],"First,":[52],"genetic":[54],"algorithm":[55],"employed":[57],"to":[58,87],"optimize":[59],"radial":[61],"basis":[62],"function":[63,93],"neural":[64],"network,":[65],"enhancing":[66],"its":[67],"predictive":[68],"performance":[69,162],"short-term,":[71],"high-precision":[72],"vehicle":[73],"speed":[74],"forecasting":[75],"based":[76],"on":[77],"historical":[78],"data.":[79],"Next,":[80],"ECMS":[82,134],"combined":[84],"with":[85,115,137],"MPC":[86],"solve":[88],"minimum":[91],"objective":[92],"value":[94],"within":[95],"prediction":[97,117],"horizon,":[98],"thus":[99],"obtaining":[100],"corresponding":[102],"power":[103],"distribution":[104],"results.":[105],"enables":[107],"real-time":[108],"adjustment":[110],"equivalent":[113,141],"factor,":[114],"horizon":[118],"rolling":[119],"forward":[120],"continuous":[122],"optimization.":[123],"Simulation":[124],"results":[125],"demonstrate":[126],"that":[127],"proposed":[129],"control":[130,135],"outperforms":[132],"fixed":[139],"optimal":[140],"factor":[142],"under":[143],"same":[145],"operating":[146],"conditions,":[147],"achieving":[148],"4.2%":[150],"improvement":[151],"in":[152],"fuel":[153,160],"consumption":[154,161],"reaching":[156],"93%":[157],"dynamic":[165],"programming-based":[166],"approach.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}