{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408564360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552626","title":"MicroCrystalNet: An Efficient and Explainable Convolutional Neural Network for Microcrystal Classification Using Scanning Electron Microscope Petrography","display_name":"MicroCrystalNet: An Efficient and Explainable Convolutional Neural Network for Microcrystal Classification Using Scanning Electron Microscope Petrography","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408564360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552626"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3552626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552626","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033655491","display_name":"Mohammed Yaqoob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6335-6923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92528248","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05","country_code":"QA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Yaqoob","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6335-6923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083793269","display_name":"Mohammed Yusuf Ansari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6123-3893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92528248","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05","country_code":"QA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Yusuf Ansari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066193405","display_name":"Mohammed Ishaq Ansari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-6541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92528248","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05","country_code":"QA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Ishaq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-6541","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092843579","display_name":"Issac Sujay Anand John Jayachandran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1681-926X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121196025","display_name":"Qatar Petroleum (Qatar)","ror":"https://ror.org/02g4n1614","country_code":"QA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121196025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58152225","display_name":"Texas A&M University at Qatar","ror":"https://ror.org/03vb4dm14","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58152225","https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92528248","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05","country_code":"QA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Issac Sujay Anand John Jayachandran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Petroleum Engineering Program, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","Petroleum Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Petroleum Engineering Program, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121196025","https://openalex.org/I58152225","https://openalex.org/I92528248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Petroleum Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mohammed S. Hashim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0061-980X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66958751","display_name":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution","ror":"https://ror.org/03zbnzt98","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66958751"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed S. Hashim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA","Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0061-980X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66958751"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66958751"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020836438","display_name":"Thomas Seers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-1864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121196025","display_name":"Qatar Petroleum (Qatar)","ror":"https://ror.org/02g4n1614","country_code":"QA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121196025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58152225","display_name":"Texas A&M University at Qatar","ror":"https://ror.org/03vb4dm14","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58152225","https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92528248","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05","country_code":"QA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Daniel Seers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Petroleum Engineering Program, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","Petroleum Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Petroleum Engineering Program, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121196025","https://openalex.org/I58152225","https://openalex.org/I92528248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Petroleum Engineering, Texas A&#x0026;M University at Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.2384,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94598373,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"53865","last_page":"53884"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10836","display_name":"Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies","score":0.9652000069618225,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10836","display_name":"Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies","score":0.9652000069618225,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.9417999982833862,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13409","display_name":"Paleopathology and ancient diseases","score":0.919700026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7623886466026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scanning-electron-microscope","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","score":0.5563541650772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petrography","display_name":"Petrography","score":0.5420000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5130380392074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4269738793373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4024159610271454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.32158589363098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1853485405445099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineralogy","display_name":"Mineralogy","score":0.15912437438964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.08812516927719116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7623886466026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.5563541650772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59235061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289600","display_name":"Petrography","level":2,"score":0.5420000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5130380392074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4269738793373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4024159610271454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.32158589363098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1853485405445099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.15912437438964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.08812516927719116}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3552626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/30393235","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/MicroCrystalNet_An_Efficient_and_Explainable_Convolutional_Neural_Network_for_Microcrystal_Classification_Using_Scanning_Electron_Microscope_Petrography/30393235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c3b25dc60a174e5189da10afd560c5e2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c3b25dc60a174e5189da10afd560c5e2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 53865-53884 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3552626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3552626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1737210254","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP12S-0302-190194","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4942533295","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP10-0104-170104","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334468","display_name":"Qatar National Library","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv93662"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":112,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W888781497","https://openalex.org/W1524992328","https://openalex.org/W1966398869","https://openalex.org/W1983124425","https://openalex.org/W1991965950","https://openalex.org/W1992631863","https://openalex.org/W2002569884","https://openalex.org/W2013684694","https://openalex.org/W2018283893","https://openalex.org/W2022018587","https://openalex.org/W2027461913","https://openalex.org/W2028109196","https://openalex.org/W2036022495","https://openalex.org/W2042650924","https://openalex.org/W2049659474","https://openalex.org/W2052970068","https://openalex.org/W2056913218","https://openalex.org/W2056915518","https://openalex.org/W2071105512","https://openalex.org/W2077078718","https://openalex.org/W2081106398","https://openalex.org/W2081518347","https://openalex.org/W2086484327","https://openalex.org/W2088443052","https://openalex.org/W2088938774","https://openalex.org/W2090795837","https://openalex.org/W2110940238","https://openalex.org/W2134147094","https://openalex.org/W2153248254","https://openalex.org/W2154997609","https://openalex.org/W2157395426","https://openalex.org/W2193351427","https://openalex.org/W2257662138","https://openalex.org/W2259823555","https://openalex.org/W2302256669","https://openalex.org/W2314785379","https://openalex.org/W2344134086","https://openalex.org/W2535571295","https://openalex.org/W2564318674","https://openalex.org/W2595308132","https://openalex.org/W2596324163","https://openalex.org/W2606826376","https://openalex.org/W2773339937","https://openalex.org/W2790058162","https://openalex.org/W2807436399","https://openalex.org/W2807448149","https://openalex.org/W2884727152","https://openalex.org/W2896561515","https://openalex.org/W2898817085","https://openalex.org/W2908536461","https://openalex.org/W2919016321","https://openalex.org/W2919352650","https://openalex.org/W2921264260","https://openalex.org/W2923594842","https://openalex.org/W2930735433","https://openalex.org/W2936504543","https://openalex.org/W2939354476","https://openalex.org/W2940313213","https://openalex.org/W2954829003","https://openalex.org/W2958537367","https://openalex.org/W2963008249","https://openalex.org/W2976771530","https://openalex.org/W2981958599","https://openalex.org/W2989766452","https://openalex.org/W2997604048","https://openalex.org/W3003841907","https://openalex.org/W3013307165","https://openalex.org/W3014355492","https://openalex.org/W3092557588","https://openalex.org/W3128697108","https://openalex.org/W3140147396","https://openalex.org/W3193146913","https://openalex.org/W3198060142","https://openalex.org/W3202026352","https://openalex.org/W4225110256","https://openalex.org/W4225114460","https://openalex.org/W4281397563","https://openalex.org/W4285232409","https://openalex.org/W4312769131","https://openalex.org/W4313192411","https://openalex.org/W4313270771","https://openalex.org/W4321240716","https://openalex.org/W4322491013","https://openalex.org/W4366974992","https://openalex.org/W4376642941","https://openalex.org/W4381555093","https://openalex.org/W4381683239","https://openalex.org/W4381736723","https://openalex.org/W4386824854","https://openalex.org/W4386836424","https://openalex.org/W4387847058","https://openalex.org/W4389392982","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4392883923","https://openalex.org/W4400335482","https://openalex.org/W4401325906","https://openalex.org/W6601003528","https://openalex.org/W6629992195","https://openalex.org/W6637157444","https://openalex.org/W6680096826","https://openalex.org/W6687539769","https://openalex.org/W6696879442","https://openalex.org/W6708430069","https://openalex.org/W6727554596","https://openalex.org/W6741047420","https://openalex.org/W6749029207","https://openalex.org/W6756542712","https://openalex.org/W6772996321","https://openalex.org/W6784835399","https://openalex.org/W6810652688","https://openalex.org/W6830186332","https://openalex.org/W6856515857"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2083876416","https://openalex.org/W561675821","https://openalex.org/W2063845072","https://openalex.org/W1991475175","https://openalex.org/W152258655","https://openalex.org/W2150140375","https://openalex.org/W2165230971","https://openalex.org/W1491005635","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Morphological":[0],"characterization":[1],"of":[2,15,68,85,90,122,133,208],"microcrystalline":[3],"rock":[4],"textures":[5],"typically":[6],"relies":[7],"upon":[8],"the":[9,78,206],"visual":[10,192],"interpretation":[11],"and":[12,29,46,76,118,120,157,179],"manual":[13,195],"measurement":[14],"scanning":[16],"electron":[17],"microscopy":[18],"(SEM)":[19],"imagery:":[20],"a":[21,34,65,107,131,143,163],"practice":[22],"fraught":[23],"with":[24,130,191],"subjectivity,":[25],"inefficiency,":[26],"sampling":[27],"bias,":[28],"data":[30],"loss.":[31],"We":[32],"introduce":[33],"state-of-the-art":[35],"computer":[36],"vision":[37],"pipeline,":[38],"built":[39],"on":[40],"deep":[41],"learning":[42],"architectures,":[43],"for":[44],"segmenting":[45],"classifying":[47],"individual":[48,98],"microcrystals":[49],"from":[50,93],"SEM":[51,83],"images.":[52],"Initially":[53],"applied":[54],"to":[55,106,127,194],"low-Mg":[56],"calcite":[57,92],"carbonate":[58,87],"rocks,":[59],"instance":[60],"segmentation":[61],"is":[62],"achieved":[63],"using":[64],"custom-tuned":[66],"version":[67],"Meta\u2019s":[69],"Segment":[70],"Anything":[71],"Model":[72],"(SAM).":[73],"To":[74],"train":[75],"test":[77],"classifier,":[79],"we":[80],"utilized":[81],"48":[82],"images":[84,198],"diverse":[86],"microtextures":[88],"composed":[89],"Low-Mg":[91],"studies":[94],"performed":[95],"worldwide.":[96],"Each":[97],"microcrystal":[99],"(1852":[100],"in":[101,205],"total)":[102],"was":[103],"labelled":[104],"according":[105],"bipartite":[108],"classification":[109,140],"scheme,":[110],"encompassing":[111],"both":[112],"crystal":[113,123],"shape":[114],"(rhombic,":[115],"polyhedral,":[116],"amorphous,":[117],"spherical),":[119],"degree":[121],"facet":[124],"definition":[125],"(euhedral":[126],"subhedral,":[128],"anhedral),":[129],"total":[132],"four":[134],"distinct":[135],"classes.":[136],"MicroCrystalNet:":[137],"our":[138],"proposed":[139],"model":[141],"employs":[142],"convolutional":[144],"neural":[145],"network":[146],"architecture,":[147],"incorporating":[148],"advanced":[149],"feature":[150,159],"map":[151],"processing":[152],"(feature":[153],"normalization,":[154],"dimensionality":[155],"reduction,":[156],"sparse":[158],"selection),":[160],"integrated":[161],"within":[162],"novel":[164],"Normalized":[165],"Sparse":[166],"Reduction":[167],"block.":[168],"Performance":[169],"metrics":[170],"reveal":[171],"excellent":[172],"average":[173],"precision":[174],"scores":[175],"(AP":[176],"=":[177,186],"0.93-0.98)":[178],"Area":[180],"Under":[181],"Receiver-Operator":[182],"Curve":[183],"values":[184],"(AUC":[185],"0.95-0.99)":[187],"across":[188],"all":[189],"classes,":[190],"comparison":[193],"ground":[196],"truth":[197],"demonstrating":[199],"powerful":[200],"inter-class":[201],"discriminatory":[202],"power,":[203],"even":[204],"presence":[207],"occlusions.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
