{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408100152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547626","title":"Energy-Efficient DC Power Traction Network Systems for Urban Mass Transportation: A Comparative Study of Optimization Algorithms","display_name":"Energy-Efficient DC Power Traction Network Systems for Urban Mass Transportation: A Comparative Study of Optimization Algorithms","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408100152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547626"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3547626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547626","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102791124","display_name":"Dongxian Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1026-1434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166499","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongxian Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Modern Information Technology, Henan Polytechnic, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Modern Information Technology, Henan Polytechnic, Zhengzhou, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102007230","display_name":"Zhixin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0843-3882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90727586","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055vj5234","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90727586"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhixin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Business Administration, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics Dongfang College, Haining, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Business Administration, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics Dongfang College, Haining, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90727586"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100436163","display_name":"Lei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-791X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141776","display_name":"China XD Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ceqst84","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141776"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital and Intelligent Management Department, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","Digital and Intelligent Management Department of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital and Intelligent Management Department, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141776"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital and Intelligent Management Department of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039036208","display_name":"Zaihui Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0352-7708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192868223","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01qjyzh50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192868223"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaihui Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Art and Design, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Art and Design, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192868223"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108000895","display_name":"Hamdolah Aliev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-4856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132631111","display_name":"Technological University of Tajikistan","ror":"https://ror.org/00y792711","country_code":"TJ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132631111"]}],"countries":["TJ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamdolah Aliev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Energy, Tajik Technical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-4856","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Energy, Tajik Technical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132631111"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.7135,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89296581,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"45653","last_page":"45668"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14276","display_name":"Power Systems and Technologies","score":0.9585999846458435,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9146999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6309804916381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traction-power-network","display_name":"Traction power network","score":0.5107043385505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traction","display_name":"Traction (geology)","score":0.5059179663658142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.45146867632865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-transportation","display_name":"Mass transportation","score":0.44582828879356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4260617792606354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.39954736828804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20936578512191772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1716887652873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.12914681434631348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09780514240264893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.09415209293365479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-transport","display_name":"Public transport","score":0.09407281875610352}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6309804916381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186697258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q361842","display_name":"Traction power network","level":3,"score":0.5107043385505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38834483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17000223","display_name":"Traction (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5059179663658142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.45146867632865906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993719964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Mass transportation","level":3,"score":0.44582828879356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4260617792606354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.39954736828804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20936578512191772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1716887652873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.12914681434631348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09780514240264893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09415209293365479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.09407281875610352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3547626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:29db024954bc4805aacf949b5dea3b0b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/29db024954bc4805aacf949b5dea3b0b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 45653-45668 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3547626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547626","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1575021706","https://openalex.org/W1972188796","https://openalex.org/W1994570261","https://openalex.org/W2036204838","https://openalex.org/W2061438946","https://openalex.org/W2144166211","https://openalex.org/W2259071945","https://openalex.org/W2514873345","https://openalex.org/W2594608321","https://openalex.org/W2600783485","https://openalex.org/W2612905725","https://openalex.org/W2624577972","https://openalex.org/W2789803884","https://openalex.org/W2899050798","https://openalex.org/W2901376795","https://openalex.org/W2901551017","https://openalex.org/W2903088748","https://openalex.org/W2903347933","https://openalex.org/W2904057093","https://openalex.org/W2905363724","https://openalex.org/W2913506153","https://openalex.org/W2993393753","https://openalex.org/W3012055441","https://openalex.org/W3029892226","https://openalex.org/W3036257754","https://openalex.org/W3069768664","https://openalex.org/W3106672809","https://openalex.org/W3110766518","https://openalex.org/W3118489878","https://openalex.org/W3126827013","https://openalex.org/W3129597523","https://openalex.org/W3159550051","https://openalex.org/W3168827200","https://openalex.org/W4205206993","https://openalex.org/W4205230704","https://openalex.org/W4206927724","https://openalex.org/W4285081969","https://openalex.org/W4389319304","https://openalex.org/W4391697087","https://openalex.org/W4402449754","https://openalex.org/W4405488693","https://openalex.org/W6728813242","https://openalex.org/W6756361178","https://openalex.org/W6964153114"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348844719","https://openalex.org/W2378395890","https://openalex.org/W2941561822","https://openalex.org/W2982832781","https://openalex.org/W939818596","https://openalex.org/W2945408169","https://openalex.org/W3094242385","https://openalex.org/W2747265040","https://openalex.org/W4247086536","https://openalex.org/W2919078597"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"electric":[1,170],"rail":[2,171],"systems,":[3,7,46],"such":[4,126],"as":[5,127],"metro":[6,45],"are":[8],"crucial":[9],"in":[10,73,168],"reducing":[11],"air":[12],"pollution":[13],"and":[14,33,50,77,106,132,147,165],"alleviating":[15],"traffic":[16],"congestion.":[17],"However,":[18],"their":[19],"significant":[20],"energy":[21,51,163],"consumption":[22,52,164],"necessitates":[23],"careful":[24],"system":[25,42,166],"design.":[26],"This":[27,92],"paper":[28],"addresses":[29],"the":[30,62,86,97,101,111,116,119,128,145,150,155,158],"optimal":[31],"design":[32,167],"simulation":[34],"of":[35,65,100,118,149,157],"a":[36,82],"direct":[37],"current":[38],"(DC)":[39],"power-pulling":[40],"network":[41],"(PTNS)":[43],"for":[44],"to":[47,143,161],"minimize":[48],"costs":[49],"while":[53],"ensuring":[54],"adequate":[55],"power":[56],"supply":[57],"capacity":[58],"(PSC).":[59],"To":[60,109],"model":[61],"complex":[63],"dynamics":[64],"urban":[66,169],"mass":[67],"transport":[68],"systems":[69],"(UMTS),":[70],"including":[71],"variations":[72],"speed,":[74],"acceleration,":[75],"load,":[76],"train":[78],"position,":[79],"we":[80,114],"employ":[81],"novel":[83],"approach":[84,160],"using":[85],"Gray":[87],"Wolf":[88],"Optimizer":[89,130],"(GWO)":[90],"algorithm.":[91],"optimization":[93,124],"technique":[94],"efficiently":[95],"determines":[96],"governing":[98],"equations":[99],"network,":[102],"enhancing":[103],"computational":[104],"efficiency":[105],"convergence":[107],"speed.":[108],"validate":[110],"proposed":[112,159],"method,":[113],"compare":[115],"performance":[117],"GWO":[120],"algorithm":[121],"with":[122],"other":[123],"techniques,":[125],"Teaching-Learning-Based":[129],"(TLBO)":[131],"Differential":[133],"Evolution":[134],"(DE).":[135],"A":[136],"real-world":[137],"case":[138],"study":[139],"is":[140],"simulated":[141],"further":[142],"demonstrate":[144],"feasibility":[146],"robustness":[148],"method.":[151],"The":[152],"results":[153],"confirm":[154],"potential":[156],"optimize":[162],"systems.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}