{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408125695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547037","title":"Anomaly Detection on Smart Grids With Optimized Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory Model","display_name":"Anomaly Detection on Smart Grids With Optimized Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory Model","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408125695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3547037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547037","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044676642","display_name":"Ahmad N. Alkuwari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad N. Alkuwari","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002005849","display_name":"Saif Al\u2010Kuwari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-7710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saif Al-Kuwari","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048768303","display_name":"Abdullatif Albaseer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6886-6500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullatif Albaseer","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010196813","display_name":"Marwa Qaraqe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0767-2478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwa Qaraqe","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044676642"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":8.8225,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9783936,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"40399","last_page":"40412"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9761999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9761999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9659000039100647,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9602000117301941,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7727452516555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.6609259247779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.6079761981964111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-short-term-memory","display_name":"Long short term memory","score":0.5365123748779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.44512319564819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2944764494895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24422073364257812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.08564004302024841}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7727452516555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.6609259247779846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.6079761981964111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133488467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6673524","display_name":"Long short term memory","level":4,"score":0.5365123748779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44512319564819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2944764494895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24422073364257812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.08564004302024841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3547037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aed727022f0c42c1bfdae90e85eeab91","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aed727022f0c42c1bfdae90e85eeab91","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 40399-40412 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/30306163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3547037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3547037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8697036876","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NPRP12C-33905-SP-67","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","funder_display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332753","display_name":"Qatar National Research Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01svaqq28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983446105","https://openalex.org/W2057903920","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2104933073","https://openalex.org/W2122646361","https://openalex.org/W2212529815","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2608888380","https://openalex.org/W2744079410","https://openalex.org/W2775793919","https://openalex.org/W2911528396","https://openalex.org/W2921261293","https://openalex.org/W2963542245","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2979727854","https://openalex.org/W3019305901","https://openalex.org/W3088839307","https://openalex.org/W3129701133","https://openalex.org/W3217174898","https://openalex.org/W4206151196","https://openalex.org/W4280556474","https://openalex.org/W4288062092","https://openalex.org/W4288064466","https://openalex.org/W4296870225","https://openalex.org/W4307980314","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4400762160","https://openalex.org/W4404787864","https://openalex.org/W6628877408","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6640425456"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2806741695","https://openalex.org/W4290647774","https://openalex.org/W3189286258","https://openalex.org/W3207797160","https://openalex.org/W3210364259","https://openalex.org/W4300558037","https://openalex.org/W2667207928","https://openalex.org/W2912112202","https://openalex.org/W4377864969","https://openalex.org/W3120251014"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,111,165],"integration":[1],"of":[2,15,155,182],"digital":[3],"technologies":[4],"into":[5,21],"traditional":[6,19,117],"power":[7,16],"systems":[8],"has":[9,27],"increased":[10],"the":[11,81,137,169,178],"efficiency":[12],"and":[13,97,123,130,180,185,199],"sustainability":[14],"grids,":[17,184],"transforming":[18],"grids":[20,72],"smart":[22,71,78,183],"grids.":[23],"However,":[24],"this":[25],"transformation":[26],"also":[28],"introduced":[29],"new":[30],"vulnerabilities,":[31],"such":[32],"as":[33],"susceptibility":[34],"to":[35,44,143,190,195],"false":[36],"data":[37],"injection":[38],"(FDI)":[39],"attacks,":[40,106],"which":[41,107],"can":[42],"lead":[43],"significant":[45,188],"energy":[46,74,197],"theft.":[47],"Recent":[48],"reports":[49],"estimate":[50],"that":[51,126,168],"these":[52,163],"attacks":[53],"cost":[54],"utility":[55,191],"providers":[56,192],"approximately":[57],"101":[58],"billion":[59],"dollars":[60],"annually.":[61],"This":[62,94],"study":[63,95],"presents":[64],"an":[65,85],"approach":[66],"for":[67,176],"anomaly":[68],"detection":[69,132],"in":[70,147,161],"through":[73],"consumption":[75],"readings":[76],"from":[77],"meters":[79],"on":[80],"customer":[82],"side":[83],"using":[84],"optimized":[86,138],"lightweight":[87],"convolutional":[88],"long":[89],"short-term":[90],"memory":[91],"(ConvLSTM)":[92],"model.":[93],"benchmarks":[96],"evaluates":[98],"different":[99],"machine":[100,113],"learning":[101,114],"models":[102,115,125,160],"against":[103],"seven":[104],"FDI":[105],"are":[108],"multi-class":[109],"labeled.":[110],"evaluated":[112],"include":[116],"shallow":[118],"detectors,":[119,122],"deep":[120],"learning-based":[121],"hybrid":[124],"employ":[127],"both":[128],"horizontal":[129],"vertical":[131],"strategies.":[133],"Through":[134],"extensive":[135],"experimentation,":[136],"ConvLSTM":[139],"model":[140,171],"is":[141],"shown":[142],"demonstrate":[144],"superior":[145],"performance":[146],"detecting":[148],"attacks;":[149],"it":[150,186],"achieves":[151],"a":[152,173],"high":[153],"accuracy":[154],"91.3%":[156],"compared":[157],"with":[158],"other":[159],"classifying":[162],"attacks.":[164],"results":[166],"indicate":[167],"proposed":[170],"provides":[172],"robust":[174],"solution":[175],"improving":[177],"security":[179],"reliability":[181],"offers":[187],"benefits":[189],"who":[193],"seek":[194],"mitigate":[196],"theft":[198],"enhance":[200],"grid":[201],"resilience.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
