{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408017350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3546435","title":"Delay-Controlled Frequency Tuning of a MEMS Sensor for Neuromorphic Acoustic Sensing","display_name":"Delay-Controlled Frequency Tuning of a MEMS Sensor for Neuromorphic Acoustic Sensing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408017350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3546435"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3546435","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3546435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3546435","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111292902","display_name":"Hermann Folke Johann Rolf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3620-1311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hermann Folke Johann Rolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Process Engineering Group, Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Digital Process Engineering Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Process Engineering Group, Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Digital Process Engineering Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041425528","display_name":"Petro Feketa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7799-5996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petro Feketa","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002069913","display_name":"Thomas Meurer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9175-2157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Meurer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Process Engineering Group, Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Digital Process Engineering Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Process Engineering Group, Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Digital Process Engineering Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111292902"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7736,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65253038,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"38940","last_page":"38951"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9704999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9704999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.8262869119644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microelectromechanical-systems","display_name":"Microelectromechanical systems","score":0.6830506324768066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-sensor","display_name":"Acoustic sensor","score":0.48551154136657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4699941575527191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3881513476371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38233983516693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.33913111686706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.28275829553604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.17349818348884583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15201598405838013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14971590042114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1408156454563141}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.8262869119644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37977207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175561","display_name":"Microelectromechanical systems","level":2,"score":0.6830506324768066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986501211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustic sensor","level":2,"score":0.48551154136657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4699941575527191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3881513476371765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38233983516693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.33913111686706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.28275829553604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.17349818348884583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15201598405838013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14971590042114258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1408156454563141}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3546435","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3546435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:de0f9e6284d24c9194ee83202afc6c2c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/de0f9e6284d24c9194ee83202afc6c2c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 38940-38951 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3546435","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3546435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2754380967","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project-ID 434434223 ? SFB 1461","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65023969","https://openalex.org/W1606432814","https://openalex.org/W1881387605","https://openalex.org/W1918831237","https://openalex.org/W1967617761","https://openalex.org/W1968479909","https://openalex.org/W1978218230","https://openalex.org/W1991925581","https://openalex.org/W2000915153","https://openalex.org/W2005952275","https://openalex.org/W2008918850","https://openalex.org/W2019628853","https://openalex.org/W2029040258","https://openalex.org/W2032953221","https://openalex.org/W2035695789","https://openalex.org/W2059787629","https://openalex.org/W2069122861","https://openalex.org/W2074217687","https://openalex.org/W2078010402","https://openalex.org/W2089468210","https://openalex.org/W2089876099","https://openalex.org/W2110216011","https://openalex.org/W2123083460","https://openalex.org/W2125824105","https://openalex.org/W2136771910","https://openalex.org/W2164653071","https://openalex.org/W2180830783","https://openalex.org/W2284554822","https://openalex.org/W2415746319","https://openalex.org/W2525143841","https://openalex.org/W2562868632","https://openalex.org/W2899069991","https://openalex.org/W3090438003","https://openalex.org/W3132198746","https://openalex.org/W4235542224","https://openalex.org/W4238882645","https://openalex.org/W4327639710","https://openalex.org/W4382644231","https://openalex.org/W4392643034","https://openalex.org/W4399880931","https://openalex.org/W4401631825","https://openalex.org/W4403599416","https://openalex.org/W4403927051","https://openalex.org/W6682546782","https://openalex.org/W6844053804"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2986579802","https://openalex.org/W4389237622","https://openalex.org/W3108691306","https://openalex.org/W4385753159","https://openalex.org/W4200152843","https://openalex.org/W4214914769","https://openalex.org/W4387251107","https://openalex.org/W2166309310","https://openalex.org/W4235634544","https://openalex.org/W2296071575"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Frequency":[0],"tunability":[1],"marks":[2],"the":[3,7,48,60,66,100,104,108,129,132,143,152,155,158,166,169,174,191,195,217],"ability":[4],"to":[5,45,78,120,199],"change":[6],"characteristic":[8,49,109],"frequency":[9,35,50,81,110],"of":[10,65,103,111,122,157,168,219],"an":[11,201],"oscillator.":[12],"For":[13],"MEMS":[14,38,67,221],"sensors,":[15],"this":[16,71,112,181,205,220],"is":[17,31,57,84,197],"usually":[18],"achieved":[19],"by":[20,59,98,126,140],"exploiting":[21],"a":[22,26,53,75,88,92],"sophisticated":[23],"geometry":[24,64,218],"with":[25,40,91,142,180],"nonlinear":[27],"stress-strain":[28],"relationship.":[29],"This":[30],"known":[32],"as":[33,194,223,225],"active":[34,80],"tuning.":[36],"However,":[37],"sensors":[39],"such":[41],"geometries":[42],"are":[43,186],"difficult":[44],"manufacture":[46],"and":[47,63,131,145,154],"can":[51,114,137,161,177,207],"have":[52],"lower":[54],"limit,":[55],"which":[56,83,149],"constrained":[58],"material":[61],"constants":[62],"sensor.":[68],"To":[69],"address":[70],"issue,":[72],"we":[73],"propose":[74],"different":[76],"approach":[77,206],"enable":[79],"tunability,":[82],"based":[85],"on":[86],"designing":[87],"feedback":[89,133,147,159,182],"loop":[90],"controllable":[93],"time":[94],"delay.":[95],"We":[96],"show":[97],"analyzing":[99],"necessary":[101],"condition":[102],"Hopf":[105],"theorem":[106],"that":[107,151],"system":[113],"be":[115,138,162,178],"increased":[116],"indefinitely":[117],"or":[118],"decreased":[119],"90%":[121],"its":[123],"original":[124],"value":[125],"appropriately":[127],"adjusting":[128],"delay":[130],"strengths.":[134],"These":[135,184],"observations":[136],"explained":[139],"combining":[141],"undelayed":[144],"delayed":[146],"loop,":[148],"implies":[150],"phase":[153],"amplitude":[156],"signal":[160],"controlled.":[163],"In":[164],"addition,":[165],"gain":[167],"sensor":[170,222],"becomes":[171],"tunable,":[172],"since":[173],"Andronov-Hopf":[175,202],"bifurcation":[176],"controlled":[179],"loop.":[183],"results":[185],"particularly":[187],"interesting":[188],"for":[189,211],"mimicking":[190],"cochlea":[192],"functionality,":[193],"cochlear":[196],"assumed":[198],"exhibit":[200],"bifurcation.":[203],"Hence,":[204],"be,":[208],"e.g.,":[209],"used":[210],"neuromorphic":[212],"acoustic":[213],"sensing,":[214],"while":[215],"keeping":[216],"simple":[224],"possible.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}