{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407304521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3540202","title":"Complex-Valued Multi-Domain Features and Its Application in Motor Imagery Classification","display_name":"Complex-Valued Multi-Domain Features and Its Application in Motor Imagery Classification","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407304521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3540202"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3540202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3540202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3540202","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101760417","display_name":"Yabing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7521-1804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yabing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074205878","display_name":"Zhenbo Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0313-1877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenbo Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100395219","display_name":"Zhenhua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6603-2019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenhua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058572289","display_name":"Kun Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9491-8861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78978612","display_name":"Yangzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tqb8s11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78978612"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78978612"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101760417"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00987298,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"46710","last_page":"46719"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6897894740104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5310158133506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.505669355392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-imagery","display_name":"Motor imagery","score":0.4985167980194092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40046313405036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.13092505931854248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.10580068826675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10364490747451782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.0790753960609436}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6897894740104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5310158133506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.505669355392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54808283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6918191","display_name":"Motor imagery","level":4,"score":0.4985167980194092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40046313405036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.13092505931854248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.10580068826675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10364490747451782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0790753960609436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3540202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3540202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f945413fe50f439eb7a2056a0d865c77","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f945413fe50f439eb7a2056a0d865c77","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 46710-46719 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3540202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3540202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G387930520","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022JQ-598","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6160195436","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62106215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076346683","https://openalex.org/W2100409538","https://openalex.org/W2101629643","https://openalex.org/W2126629248","https://openalex.org/W2162394719","https://openalex.org/W2169038408","https://openalex.org/W2183603928","https://openalex.org/W2342608407","https://openalex.org/W2512441693","https://openalex.org/W2566384625","https://openalex.org/W2754361766","https://openalex.org/W2767333869","https://openalex.org/W2898291782","https://openalex.org/W2898666732","https://openalex.org/W2910206545","https://openalex.org/W2939344111","https://openalex.org/W2940585064","https://openalex.org/W2960600329","https://openalex.org/W3037757657","https://openalex.org/W3092389862","https://openalex.org/W3107253611","https://openalex.org/W3166896099","https://openalex.org/W3176250192","https://openalex.org/W3188073078","https://openalex.org/W3196839637","https://openalex.org/W3204482166","https://openalex.org/W3211685300","https://openalex.org/W4205314786","https://openalex.org/W4280540084","https://openalex.org/W4293768209","https://openalex.org/W4295725750","https://openalex.org/W4312135719","https://openalex.org/W4321484024","https://openalex.org/W4321767928","https://openalex.org/W4324145574","https://openalex.org/W4360618955","https://openalex.org/W4380738420","https://openalex.org/W4386546247","https://openalex.org/W4386878265","https://openalex.org/W4386896535","https://openalex.org/W4392472054","https://openalex.org/W4392652852","https://openalex.org/W4400094796","https://openalex.org/W6606712637","https://openalex.org/W6697281062"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2041547723","https://openalex.org/W4399901117","https://openalex.org/W2951280790","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,192,212],"extraction":[1,21,69],"of":[2,15,49,58,105,130,168,186,205],"features":[3,59,87,109,113,159,218],"from":[4,182],"electroencephalography":[5],"(EEG)":[6],"signals":[7,25],"is":[8,71],"a":[9,65,72,80,148],"vital":[10],"step":[11],"in":[12,46,143,203,219,230,234],"the":[13,34,47,100,127,140,162,166,169,183,217,220,235],"classification":[14,207],"motor":[16,101,189],"imagery.":[17],"However,":[18],"traditional":[19],"feature":[20,68,141],"methods":[22,202],"for":[23,157],"EEG":[24],"either":[26,28],"focus":[27],"on":[29,76,122,177],"amplitude":[30],"or":[31,33],"frequency,":[32],"rich":[35],"phase":[36,43,61,128],"information.":[37],"This":[38],"inability":[39],"to":[40,63,98,137],"simultaneously":[41],"integrate":[42],"information":[44,129],"results":[45,164],"loss":[48],"certain":[50],"implicit":[51],"details.":[52],"Hence,":[53],"effectively":[54],"merging":[55],"multiple":[56],"pieces":[57],"with":[60,139,199],"data":[62],"establish":[64],"complex":[66,118,144,221],"value":[67],"model":[70,194],"significant":[73],"challenge.":[74],"Based":[75],"this,":[77],"we":[78,146,172],"propose":[79],"new":[81],"hybrid":[82],"framework":[83],"combining":[84],"complex-value":[85],"multi-domain":[86,108],"(CVF)":[88],"and":[89,133,152,160,209],"complex-valued":[90],"extreme":[91],"learning":[92],"machine":[93],"network":[94],"(CVELM),":[95],"namely,":[96],"CVF-CVELM":[97],"classify":[99],"imagery":[102,190],"tasks.":[103],"First":[104],"all,":[106],"some":[107],"are":[110,114,155],"extracted.":[111],"These":[112],"then":[115],"encoded":[116],"into":[117],"domain":[119,222],"space":[120],"based":[121],"phase-locked":[123],"value,":[124],"which":[125,226],"captures":[126],"specific":[131],"channels":[132],"time":[134],"points.":[135],"Furthermore,":[136],"align":[138],"vectors":[142],"space,":[145],"developed":[147],"CVELM.":[149],"Significance":[150],"testing":[151],"separability":[153],"analysis":[154],"employed":[156],"real-value":[158],"CVF,":[161],"experimental":[163],"manifest":[165],"effectiveness":[167],"CVF.":[170],"Meanwhile,":[171],"evaluate":[173],"our":[174],"proposed":[175,193],"method":[176],"two":[178],"publicly":[179],"available":[180],"datasets":[181],"representative":[184],"fields":[185],"BCI,":[187],"notably":[188],"decoding.":[191],"yielded":[195],"better":[196],"performance":[197],"compared":[198],"existing":[200],"state-of-the-art":[201],"terms":[204],"overall":[206],"accuracy":[208],"kappa":[210],"coefficient.":[211],"empirical":[213],"evaluations":[214],"demonstrate":[215],"that":[216],"contain":[223],"richer":[224],"information,":[225],"could":[227],"be":[228],"utilized":[229],"online":[231],"BCI":[232],"systems":[233],"future.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}