{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406947678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3536286","title":"Edge-Preserving Probabilistic Downsampling for Reliable Medical Segmentation in Resource-Constrained Environments","display_name":"Edge-Preserving Probabilistic Downsampling for Reliable Medical Segmentation in Resource-Constrained Environments","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406947678","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3536286"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3536286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3536286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3536286","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078923465","display_name":"Shahzad Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4949-8335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shahzad Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4949-8335","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067221462","display_name":"Yu Rim Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-1448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801673063","display_name":"Kyungpook National University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04qn0xg47","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801673063","https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Rim Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801673063"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801673063"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100430922","display_name":"Soo Young Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4944-4396"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801673063","display_name":"Kyungpook National University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04qn0xg47","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801673063","https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soo Young Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801673063"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801673063"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012779251","display_name":"Won Young Tak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1914-5141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801673063","display_name":"Kyungpook National University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04qn0xg47","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801673063","https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Won Young Tak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801673063"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801673063"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077603212","display_name":"Soon Ki Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0239-6785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soon Ki Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0239-6785","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078923465"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.6157,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7757451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"21620","last_page":"21634"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13248","display_name":"Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring","score":0.8388000130653381,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13248","display_name":"Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring","score":0.8388000130653381,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.7973999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7439139485359192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upsampling","display_name":"Upsampling","score":0.7280477285385132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6954402327537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5133180022239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46849021315574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.45484837889671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.41207355260849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.12388327717781067}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7439139485359192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110384440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143270","display_name":"Upsampling","level":3,"score":0.7280477285385132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6954402327537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5133180022239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46849021315574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.45484837889671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.41207355260849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.12388327717781067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3536286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3536286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:89706417ac7b49c2b77c9dd744aad32f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/89706417ac7b49c2b77c9dd744aad32f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 21620-21634 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3536286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3536286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2526125530","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024-00360226","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6853776375","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2024-RS-2024-00437718","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8403742682","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024-00360226","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513879401","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W2035677848","https://openalex.org/W2051440654","https://openalex.org/W2095075148","https://openalex.org/W2132984323","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2444070604","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2587828787","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2787091153","https://openalex.org/W2788906943","https://openalex.org/W2883780447","https://openalex.org/W2884436604","https://openalex.org/W2913768941","https://openalex.org/W2928133111","https://openalex.org/W2962914239","https://openalex.org/W2963091558","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963418739","https://openalex.org/W2982083293","https://openalex.org/W3011249019","https://openalex.org/W3014974815","https://openalex.org/W3042259426","https://openalex.org/W3131860561","https://openalex.org/W3136212843","https://openalex.org/W3190437803","https://openalex.org/W3196904463","https://openalex.org/W3201524182","https://openalex.org/W3204742737","https://openalex.org/W4284971748","https://openalex.org/W4285504880","https://openalex.org/W4285505627","https://openalex.org/W4285507114","https://openalex.org/W4312114404","https://openalex.org/W4313156423","https://openalex.org/W4313291495","https://openalex.org/W4321327815","https://openalex.org/W4322706642","https://openalex.org/W4366518782","https://openalex.org/W4366828815","https://openalex.org/W4387755063","https://openalex.org/W4388459526","https://openalex.org/W4390874136","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4400697429","https://openalex.org/W6686785280","https://openalex.org/W6743170524","https://openalex.org/W6750469568","https://openalex.org/W6752178629","https://openalex.org/W6774433549","https://openalex.org/W6793164127","https://openalex.org/W6801170583","https://openalex.org/W6850572256","https://openalex.org/W6857522653"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2062399876","https://openalex.org/W2607795551","https://openalex.org/W3155117723","https://openalex.org/W1991429770","https://openalex.org/W1983892167","https://openalex.org/W2281134365","https://openalex.org/W4310746709","https://openalex.org/W4386075645","https://openalex.org/W4385574037","https://openalex.org/W4306309518"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Downsampling,":[0],"often":[1],"necessitated":[2],"due":[3],"to":[4,16,42,58,69,74,122,147,164,218,225],"resource":[5],"constraints":[6],"such":[7],"as":[8],"limited":[9],"memory,":[10],"development":[11],"timelines,":[12],"or":[13],"the":[14,28,54,83,128,152,156,181],"need":[15],"accelerate":[17],"learning":[18],"from":[19],"large":[20],"volumes":[21],"of":[22,30],"unlabeled":[23],"medical":[24,108],"data,":[25],"results":[26,197],"in":[27,66],"loss":[29],"fine-grained":[31],"details,":[32],"including":[33],"small":[34],"objects":[35],"and":[36,61,88,126,136,214,221],"thin":[37],"class":[38,141],"boundaries.":[39],"When":[40],"applied":[41],"ground":[43],"truth":[44],"(GT)":[45],"labels":[46],"without":[47],"proper":[48],"care,":[49],"downsampling":[50,93,103,157,217],"can":[51],"significantly":[52],"impair":[53],"segmentation":[55,89,162],"network\u2019s":[56],"ability":[57],"accurately":[59],"interpret":[60],"predict":[62],"detailed":[63],"features.":[64],"This,":[65],"turn,":[67],"leads":[68],"a":[70,114,144,206],"degraded":[71],"performance":[72,129,190],"compared":[73,224],"networks":[75,132,163],"trained":[76,133],"on":[77,134],"higher-resolution":[78],"labels.":[79],"This":[80,111,159],"situation":[81],"exemplifies":[82],"trade-off":[84],"between":[85,131],"computational":[86],"efficiency":[87],"accuracy,":[90],"with":[91,151],"higher":[92],"factors":[94],"further":[95],"impairing":[96],"performance.":[97],"Preserving":[98],"critical":[99,124],"information":[100],"during":[101],"label":[102],"is":[104],"particularly":[105],"crucial":[106],"for":[107,186,205],"image":[109],"segmentation.":[110],"study":[112],"introduces":[113],"novel":[115],"approach,":[116],"Edge-Preserving":[117],"Probabilistic":[118],"Downsampling":[119],"(EPD),":[120],"designed":[121],"retain":[123],"details":[125,174],"bridge":[127],"gap":[130],"original":[135],"downsampled":[137],"resolutions.":[138,170],"It":[139],"leverages":[140],"uncertainty":[142],"within":[143],"local":[145],"window":[146,153],"produce":[148],"soft":[149],"labels,":[150],"size":[154],"determining":[155],"factor.":[158],"approach":[160],"enables":[161],"maintain":[165],"high-quality":[166],"predictions":[167],"at":[168],"lower":[169],"Beyond":[171],"preserving":[172],"edge":[173],"more":[175],"effectively":[176],"than":[177],"conventional":[178,193,226],"nearest-neighbor":[179],"downsampling,":[180],"proposed":[182],"algorithm,":[183],"when":[184,216],"adapted":[185],"images,":[187],"exhibits":[188],"notable":[189],"improvements":[191],"over":[192,202],"bilinear":[194],"interpolation.":[195],"Experimental":[196],"indicate":[198],"EPD":[199],"improves":[200],"Intersection":[201],"Union":[203],"(IoU)":[204],"multi-class":[207],"abdominal":[208],"CT":[209],"dataset":[210],"by":[211],"2.54%,":[212],"10.66%,":[213],"16.31%":[215],"\u00bd,":[219],"\u00bc,":[220],"\u215b,":[222],"respectively,":[223],"interpolation":[227],"methods.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-13T08:25:38.343686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}