{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406812022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3534098","title":"Advancing Underwater Vision: A Survey of Deep Learning Models for Underwater Object Recognition and Tracking","display_name":"Advancing Underwater Vision: A Survey of Deep Learning Models for Underwater Object Recognition and Tracking","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406812022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3534098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3534098","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3534098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3534098","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088884073","display_name":"Mahmoud Elmezain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mahmoud Elmezain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014483434","display_name":"Lyes Saad Saoud","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lyes Saad Saoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111133225","display_name":"Atif Sultan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6110-5554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atif Sultan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114799519","display_name":"Mohamed Heshmat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0153-8131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Heshmat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074862138","display_name":"Lakmal Seneviratne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6405-8402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lakmal Seneviratne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023802518","display_name":"Irfan Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2759-0306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irfan Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khalifa University Center for Autonomous and Robotic Systems, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088884073"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":117.0557,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":1.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"17830","last_page":"17867"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9664000272750854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9664000272750854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9527999758720398,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9505000114440918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.8052506446838379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7134343385696411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7034398317337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6391157507896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5559758543968201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5168359875679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-neuroscience-of-visual-object-recognition","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","score":0.4900135099887848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.45001310110092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.4425845146179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.27536243200302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1837715208530426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.07413831353187561}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.8052506446838379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7134343385696411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7034398317337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6391157507896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5559758543968201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5168359875679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.4900135099887848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.45001310110092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4425845146179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.27536243200302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1837715208530426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.07413831353187561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3534098","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3534098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:18ecdeff21e44b2dbba904715f284bdf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/18ecdeff21e44b2dbba904715f284bdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 17830-17867 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3534098","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3534098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3991023057","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"8434000534","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322924","funder_display_name":"Changsha University of Science\u00a0and\u00a0Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5865695991","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CIRA-2021-085","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322924","funder_display_name":"Changsha University of Science\u00a0and\u00a0Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6563581932","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RC1-2018-KUCARS","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322924","funder_display_name":"Changsha University of Science\u00a0and\u00a0Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322924","display_name":"Changsha University of Science\u00a0and\u00a0Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03yph8055"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":262,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965378093","https://openalex.org/W1994922096","https://openalex.org/W2039605579","https://openalex.org/W2102166818","https://openalex.org/W2124781496","https://openalex.org/W2181646778","https://openalex.org/W2317160870","https://openalex.org/W2474516010","https://openalex.org/W2781762404","https://openalex.org/W2799058067","https://openalex.org/W2890678738","https://openalex.org/W2892249564","https://openalex.org/W2896652510","https://openalex.org/W2916780012","https://openalex.org/W2963529609","https://openalex.org/W2963868681","https://openalex.org/W2964217490","https://openalex.org/W2967435012","https://openalex.org/W2968177401","https://openalex.org/W2970828071","https://openalex.org/W2990176100","https://openalex.org/W2990618871","https://openalex.org/W2997763120","https://openalex.org/W3003490096","https://openalex.org/W3006352710","https://openalex.org/W3006777311","https://openalex.org/W3009406242","https://openalex.org/W3016600231","https://openalex.org/W3025419883","https://openalex.org/W3027362665","https://openalex.org/W3035511673","https://openalex.org/W3040838455","https://openalex.org/W3081662690","https://openalex.org/W3086436251","https://openalex.org/W3089524665","https://openalex.org/W3090990827","https://openalex.org/W3092556883","https://openalex.org/W3099861882","https://openalex.org/W3100476583","https://openalex.org/W3110224449","https://openalex.org/W3120613243","https://openalex.org/W3125889112","https://openalex.org/W3128536698","https://openalex.org/W3130497466","https://openalex.org/W3132413796","https://openalex.org/W3157637780","https://openalex.org/W3159459366","https://openalex.org/W3161884313","https://openalex.org/W3162634104","https://openalex.org/W3163594517","https://openalex.org/W3165770337","https://openalex.org/W3165909822","https://openalex.org/W3172446114","https://openalex.org/W3172986704","https://openalex.org/W3176071058","https://openalex.org/W3176831374","https://openalex.org/W3182849571","https://openalex.org/W3183339502","https://openalex.org/W3183900906","https://openalex.org/W3191445440","https://openalex.org/W3197256147","https://openalex.org/W3198640376","https://openalex.org/W3205291758","https://openalex.org/W3206722531","https://openalex.org/W3209001318","https://openalex.org/W3210992925","https://openalex.org/W3212669838","https://openalex.org/W3216047872","https://openalex.org/W4206592042","https://openalex.org/W4210716599","https://openalex.org/W4214759957","https://openalex.org/W4214868979","https://openalex.org/W4225307988","https://openalex.org/W4225832925","https://openalex.org/W4226125618","https://openalex.org/W4226320643","https://openalex.org/W4229052888","https://openalex.org/W4281700191","https://openalex.org/W4281712252","https://openalex.org/W4281879287","https://openalex.org/W4285025661","https://openalex.org/W4285128854","https://openalex.org/W4285158235","https://openalex.org/W4285604405","https://openalex.org/W4286776269","https://openalex.org/W4292553302","https://openalex.org/W4295013851","https://openalex.org/W4296569592","https://openalex.org/W4297337166","https://openalex.org/W4300818583","https://openalex.org/W4304892696","https://openalex.org/W4307900253","https://openalex.org/W4310208883","https://openalex.org/W4310480301","https://openalex.org/W4311772445","https://openalex.org/W4312325222","https://openalex.org/W4312332331","https://openalex.org/W4312394403","https://openalex.org/W4312532041","https://openalex.org/W4312616002","https://openalex.org/W4313027465","https://openalex.org/W4313476004","https://openalex.org/W4313641268","https://openalex.org/W4315498985","https://openalex.org/W4318960948","https://openalex.org/W4319324211","https://openalex.org/W4319878739","https://openalex.org/W4319922474","https://openalex.org/W4319925185","https://openalex.org/W4320033720","https://openalex.org/W4320494387","https://openalex.org/W4321194910","https://openalex.org/W4321498029","https://openalex.org/W4321609187","https://openalex.org/W4321645680","https://openalex.org/W4322576906","https://openalex.org/W4323647665","https://openalex.org/W4324319296","https://openalex.org/W4360993800","https://openalex.org/W4361217583","https://openalex.org/W4361801238","https://openalex.org/W4362602498","https://openalex.org/W4362653528","https://openalex.org/W4363674365","https://openalex.org/W4365479090","https://openalex.org/W4366504003","https://openalex.org/W4366989262","https://openalex.org/W4367555001","https://openalex.org/W4367663208","https://openalex.org/W4367663477","https://openalex.org/W4376467068","https://openalex.org/W4377079715","https://openalex.org/W4378084077","https://openalex.org/W4378804701","https://openalex.org/W4379054039","https://openalex.org/W4379386427","https://openalex.org/W4379531919","https://openalex.org/W4380201099","https://openalex.org/W4381198963","https://openalex.org/W4382300288","https://openalex.org/W4382403031","https://openalex.org/W4383220250","https://openalex.org/W4383558169","https://openalex.org/W4383751150","https://openalex.org/W4383752898","https://openalex.org/W4385214506","https://openalex.org/W4385301593","https://openalex.org/W4385301850","https://openalex.org/W4385338471","https://openalex.org/W4385381237","https://openalex.org/W4385486288","https://openalex.org/W4385539485","https://openalex.org/W4386071708","https://openalex.org/W4386189450","https://openalex.org/W4386577709","https://openalex.org/W4386634522","https://openalex.org/W4386766981","https://openalex.org/W4386826409","https://openalex.org/W4386914050","https://openalex.org/W4386918896","https://openalex.org/W4387263615","https://openalex.org/W4387395821","https://openalex.org/W4387491703","https://openalex.org/W4387722547","https://openalex.org/W4387802577","https://openalex.org/W4387986959","https://openalex.org/W4387987031","https://openalex.org/W4388294785","https://openalex.org/W4388361609","https://openalex.org/W4388520298","https://openalex.org/W4388571559","https://openalex.org/W4388602228","https://openalex.org/W4388713821","https://openalex.org/W4388979245","https://openalex.org/W4389331836","https://openalex.org/W4389495270","https://openalex.org/W4389512175","https://openalex.org/W4389613622","https://openalex.org/W4389665719","https://openalex.org/W4389665914","https://openalex.org/W4389666942","https://openalex.org/W4389723167","https://openalex.org/W4389723367","https://openalex.org/W4390042290","https://openalex.org/W4390204266","https://openalex.org/W4390276929","https://openalex.org/W4390291904","https://openalex.org/W4390501748","https://openalex.org/W4390654520","https://openalex.org/W4390787977","https://openalex.org/W4390817324","https://openalex.org/W4390848322","https://openalex.org/W4390871858","https://openalex.org/W4390874273","https://openalex.org/W4390874505","https://openalex.org/W4390874575","https://openalex.org/W4391022531","https://openalex.org/W4391074841","https://openalex.org/W4391129023","https://openalex.org/W4391177843","https://openalex.org/W4391345063","https://openalex.org/W4391422742","https://openalex.org/W4391528212","https://openalex.org/W4391582559","https://openalex.org/W4391697013","https://openalex.org/W4392008122","https://openalex.org/W4392230062","https://openalex.org/W4392230988","https://openalex.org/W4392511248","https://openalex.org/W4392824157","https://openalex.org/W4392901627","https://openalex.org/W4392939547","https://openalex.org/W4392977038","https://openalex.org/W4393176572","https://openalex.org/W4393305393","https://openalex.org/W4394002325","https://openalex.org/W4394008379","https://openalex.org/W4394564209","https://openalex.org/W4394593017","https://openalex.org/W4394597717","https://openalex.org/W4394597831","https://openalex.org/W4394699178","https://openalex.org/W4394711249","https://openalex.org/W4394976586","https://openalex.org/W4395688050","https://openalex.org/W4395695600","https://openalex.org/W4396218016","https://openalex.org/W4396573991","https://openalex.org/W4396584291","https://openalex.org/W4396707872","https://openalex.org/W4396808563","https://openalex.org/W4396835554","https://openalex.org/W4396909956","https://openalex.org/W4396910019","https://openalex.org/W4398160560","https://openalex.org/W4399021799","https://openalex.org/W4399178219","https://openalex.org/W4400588994","https://openalex.org/W4400985751","https://openalex.org/W4401854385","https://openalex.org/W4402435852","https://openalex.org/W4402534498","https://openalex.org/W4402660119","https://openalex.org/W4402660125","https://openalex.org/W4402742664","https://openalex.org/W4402915777","https://openalex.org/W4403122821","https://openalex.org/W4403145930","https://openalex.org/W4403193902","https://openalex.org/W4403674752","https://openalex.org/W4403833098","https://openalex.org/W4404147611","https://openalex.org/W4405847194","https://openalex.org/W6678158860","https://openalex.org/W6739696289","https://openalex.org/W6764816812","https://openalex.org/W6765415427","https://openalex.org/W6780657112","https://openalex.org/W6780698457","https://openalex.org/W6791353385","https://openalex.org/W6802990793","https://openalex.org/W6875464920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388412763","https://openalex.org/W1999583034","https://openalex.org/W3168963531","https://openalex.org/W2591930867","https://openalex.org/W2949096641","https://openalex.org/W2970686063","https://openalex.org/W4320729701","https://openalex.org/W4254103348","https://openalex.org/W3210378990","https://openalex.org/W3034745255"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Underwater":[0],"computer":[1,221],"vision":[2,160,222],"plays":[3],"a":[4,71],"vital":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,46,54,100,133],"ocean":[8,226],"research,":[9],"enabling":[10,59,169],"autonomous":[11],"navigation,":[12],"infrastructure":[13],"inspections,":[14],"and":[15,31,65,85,94,104,116,122,131,150,171,197,204,211,230],"marine":[16],"life":[17],"monitoring.":[18],"However,":[19],"the":[20,37,183],"underwater":[21,81,106,135,159,220],"environment":[22],"presents":[23],"unique":[24],"challenges,":[25],"including":[26,90],"color":[27],"distortion,":[28],"limited":[29],"visibility,":[30],"dynamic":[32,134],"light":[33],"conditions,":[34,168],"which":[35,153],"hinder":[36],"performance":[38,165],"of":[39,74],"traditional":[40],"image":[41,63],"processing":[42],"methods.":[43],"Recent":[44],"advancements":[45],"deep":[47,76],"learning":[48,77],"(DL)":[49],"have":[50,96],"demonstrated":[51],"remarkable":[52],"success":[53],"overcoming":[55],"these":[56],"challenges":[57],"by":[58],"robust":[60],"feature":[61],"extraction,":[62],"enhancement,":[64],"object":[66,82,107],"recognition.":[67],"This":[68],"review":[69,141,215],"provides":[70,216],"comprehensive":[72],"analysis":[73],"cutting-edge":[75],"architectures":[78,193],"designed":[79],"for":[80,185,194,218],"detection,":[83],"segmentation,":[84],"tracking.":[86],"State-of-the-art":[87],"(SOTA)":[88],"models,":[89],"AGW-YOLOv8,":[91],"Feature-Adaptive":[92],"FPN,":[93],"Dual-SAM,":[95],"shown":[97],"substantial":[98],"improvements":[99],"addressing":[101],"occlusions,":[102],"camouflaging,":[103],"small":[105],"detection.":[108],"For":[109],"tracking":[110],"tasks,":[111],"transformer-based":[112],"models":[113],"like":[114],"SiamFCA":[115],"FishTrack":[117],"leverage":[118],"hierarchical":[119],"attention":[120],"mechanisms":[121],"convolutional":[123],"neural":[124],"networks":[125],"(CNNs)":[126],"to":[127,157,189,201,224],"achieve":[128],"high":[129],"accuracy":[130],"robustness":[132],"environments.":[136],"Beyond":[137],"optical":[138],"imaging,":[139,149],"this":[140,214],"explores":[142],"alternative":[143],"modalities":[144],"such":[145],"as":[146],"sonar,":[147],"hyperspectral":[148],"event-based":[151],"vision,":[152],"provide":[154],"complementary":[155],"data":[156,199],"enhance":[158,202],"systems.":[161],"These":[162],"approaches":[163],"improve":[164,190],"under":[166],"challenging":[167],"richer":[170],"more":[172],"informative":[173],"scene":[174],"interpretation.":[175],"Promising":[176],"future":[177],"directions":[178],"are":[179],"also":[180],"discussed,":[181],"emphasizing":[182],"need":[184],"domain":[186],"adaptation":[187],"techniques":[188],"generalizability,":[191],"lightweight":[192],"real-time":[195],"performance,":[196],"multi-modal":[198],"fusion":[200],"interpretability":[203],"robustness.":[205],"By":[206],"critically":[207],"evaluating":[208],"current":[209],"methodologies":[210],"highlighting":[212],"gaps,":[213],"insights":[217],"advancing":[219],"systems":[223],"support":[225],"exploration,":[227],"ecological":[228],"conservation,":[229],"disaster":[231],"management.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":49}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
