{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406793986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533915","title":"Identifying the Factors Affecting Student Academic Performance and Engagement Prediction in MOOC Using Deep Learning: A Systematic Literature Review","display_name":"Identifying the Factors Affecting Student Academic Performance and Engagement Prediction in MOOC Using Deep Learning: A Systematic Literature Review","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406793986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533915"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3533915","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533915","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shahzad Rizwan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5236-4207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143923087","display_name":"Sultan Idris Education University","ror":"https://ror.org/005bjd415","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143923087"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahzad Rizwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Tanjung Malim, Malaysia","Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5236-4207","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Tanjung Malim, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143923087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143923087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087443328","display_name":"Ken Nee Chee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-604X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143923087","display_name":"Sultan Idris Education University","ror":"https://ror.org/005bjd415","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143923087"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chee Ken Nee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Tanjung Malim, Malaysia","Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-604X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Tanjung Malim, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143923087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143923087"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037997581","display_name":"Salem Garfan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1310-6931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143923087","display_name":"Sultan Idris Education University","ror":"https://ror.org/005bjd415","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143923087"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salem Garfan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Tanjung Malim, Malaysia","Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1310-6931","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Tanjung Malim, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143923087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing &#x0026; Meta-Technology, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143923087"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143923087"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.6605,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96305419,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"18952","last_page":"18982"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6273817420005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic review","score":0.5095651149749756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-engagement","display_name":"Student engagement","score":0.5000941753387451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-analytics","display_name":"Learning analytics","score":0.42885300517082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.3697507977485657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3575386106967926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3333955407142639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1702025830745697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.10294616222381592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.07232901453971863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6273817420005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.5095651149749756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194519906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7627827","display_name":"Student engagement","level":2,"score":0.5000941753387451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845208","display_name":"Learning analytics","level":2,"score":0.42885300517082214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3697507977485657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3575386106967926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3333955407142639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1702025830745697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.10294616222381592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.07232901453971863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3533915","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d756b679e7c14c8684964e8a3d3ee88a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d756b679e7c14c8684964e8a3d3ee88a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 18952-18982 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3533915","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7124504147","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FRGS/1/2023/SSI07/UPSI/02/31","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321709","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321709","display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/05mcs2t73"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":137,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W883434633","https://openalex.org/W1509067259","https://openalex.org/W1896083716","https://openalex.org/W1983412528","https://openalex.org/W2016610750","https://openalex.org/W2026561779","https://openalex.org/W2040722235","https://openalex.org/W2076582092","https://openalex.org/W2076931351","https://openalex.org/W2101956459","https://openalex.org/W2112284093","https://openalex.org/W2161072671","https://openalex.org/W2198290531","https://openalex.org/W2294742077","https://openalex.org/W2482241541","https://openalex.org/W2493379773","https://openalex.org/W2608120015","https://openalex.org/W2735315095","https://openalex.org/W2758217569","https://openalex.org/W2769342982","https://openalex.org/W2786829963","https://openalex.org/W2791021147","https://openalex.org/W2802054559","https://openalex.org/W2804302410","https://openalex.org/W2884112086","https://openalex.org/W2884834684","https://openalex.org/W2897614747","https://openalex.org/W2897765576","https://openalex.org/W2910811057","https://openalex.org/W2913552320","https://openalex.org/W2942549445","https://openalex.org/W2942934428","https://openalex.org/W2942994009","https://openalex.org/W2949139916","https://openalex.org/W2954741109","https://openalex.org/W2962723807","https://openalex.org/W2967815566","https://openalex.org/W2970682499","https://openalex.org/W2976513180","https://openalex.org/W2977073872","https://openalex.org/W2980082618","https://openalex.org/W2983382509","https://openalex.org/W2985331920","https://openalex.org/W2991064644","https://openalex.org/W2995203910","https://openalex.org/W2995799559","https://openalex.org/W2995956123","https://openalex.org/W3000321022","https://openalex.org/W3013602125","https://openalex.org/W3021872003","https://openalex.org/W3030214482","https://openalex.org/W3035894427","https://openalex.org/W3039616064","https://openalex.org/W3048614748","https://openalex.org/W3048632235","https://openalex.org/W3087302936","https://openalex.org/W3091847065","https://openalex.org/W3094183191","https://openalex.org/W3111056695","https://openalex.org/W3115052822","https://openalex.org/W3118035009","https://openalex.org/W3120327154","https://openalex.org/W3127770520","https://openalex.org/W3154719182","https://openalex.org/W3157673564","https://openalex.org/W3175302149","https://openalex.org/W3181096080","https://openalex.org/W3181710640","https://openalex.org/W3182238897","https://openalex.org/W3201153983","https://openalex.org/W3201461977","https://openalex.org/W3205116799","https://openalex.org/W3213316413","https://openalex.org/W4205213829","https://openalex.org/W4206069377","https://openalex.org/W4206939650","https://openalex.org/W4207010077","https://openalex.org/W4210781869","https://openalex.org/W4210891154","https://openalex.org/W4214579115","https://openalex.org/W4214821456","https://openalex.org/W4220849944","https://openalex.org/W4220899704","https://openalex.org/W4225143721","https://openalex.org/W4225709073","https://openalex.org/W4280592718","https://openalex.org/W4280609180","https://openalex.org/W4285250231","https://openalex.org/W4288059444","https://openalex.org/W4296640294","https://openalex.org/W4296908463","https://openalex.org/W4297676737","https://openalex.org/W4302156646","https://openalex.org/W4306315129","https://openalex.org/W4307156482","https://openalex.org/W4307288397","https://openalex.org/W4308630743","https://openalex.org/W4309396526","https://openalex.org/W4309582780","https://openalex.org/W4311494492","https://openalex.org/W4312078689","https://openalex.org/W4313414442","https://openalex.org/W4317931240","https://openalex.org/W4317933068","https://openalex.org/W4322630064","https://openalex.org/W4327595980","https://openalex.org/W4362696168","https://openalex.org/W4362731107","https://openalex.org/W4366223229","https://openalex.org/W4372055729","https://openalex.org/W4378715220","https://openalex.org/W4381511804","https://openalex.org/W4385429976","https://openalex.org/W4385660041","https://openalex.org/W4385777586","https://openalex.org/W4386000437","https://openalex.org/W4386432240","https://openalex.org/W4386453460","https://openalex.org/W4386742444","https://openalex.org/W4386963044","https://openalex.org/W4387423997","https://openalex.org/W4388185561","https://openalex.org/W4388771083","https://openalex.org/W4388964184","https://openalex.org/W4389917715","https://openalex.org/W4390346716","https://openalex.org/W4390431554","https://openalex.org/W4390637361","https://openalex.org/W4391534859","https://openalex.org/W4391879376","https://openalex.org/W4391918296","https://openalex.org/W4393396135","https://openalex.org/W4394784365","https://openalex.org/W6729597402","https://openalex.org/W6743509132","https://openalex.org/W6750862512","https://openalex.org/W6852184005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559004430","https://openalex.org/W2808843019","https://openalex.org/W1485952063","https://openalex.org/W4388428898","https://openalex.org/W2525379498","https://openalex.org/W3114046518","https://openalex.org/W2317805324","https://openalex.org/W2944985468","https://openalex.org/W4282026859","https://openalex.org/W2382208514"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,79,139],"increasing":[1],"reliance":[2],"on":[3,121],"Massive":[4],"Open":[5],"Online":[6],"Courses":[7],"(MOOCs)":[8],"has":[9],"transformed":[10],"the":[11,17,25,82,142,196,221],"landscape":[12],"of":[13,27,112,124,144,201,223],"education,":[14],"particularly":[15],"during":[16],"COVID-19":[18],"pandemic,":[19],"where":[20],"e-learning":[21,193,218],"became":[22],"essential.":[23],"However,":[24],"effectiveness":[26],"MOOCs":[28],"in":[29,72,147],"enhancing":[30],"student":[31,66,125,149],"academic":[32,67,99],"performance":[33,68,126],"and":[34,45,69,89,107,127,136,155,162,180,191,203,216,220],"engagement":[35,70],"remains":[36],"a":[37,51,58,184],"key":[38,122],"challenge,":[39],"compounded":[40],"by":[41,182,210],"high":[42],"dropout":[43],"rates":[44],"low":[46,204],"retention.":[47],"This":[48,207],"study":[49],"presents":[50],"systematic":[52],"literature":[53],"review":[54,80,140],"(SLR)":[55],"conducted":[56],"over":[57],"five-year":[59],"period":[60],"(2019\u20132024)":[61],"to":[62,165,228],"identify":[63],"factors":[64],"affecting":[65],"prediction":[71],"MOOCs,":[73],"utilizing":[74],"Deep":[75],"Learning":[76],"(DL)":[77],"methods.":[78],"follows":[81],"Preferred":[83],"Reporting":[84],"Items":[85],"for":[86,117,160,187,195,213],"Systematic":[87],"Reviews":[88],"Meta-Analyses":[90],"(PRISMA)":[91],"guidelines,":[92],"systematically":[93],"analyzing":[94],"articles":[95,114],"from":[96],"five":[97],"major":[98],"databases:":[100],"ScienceDirect,":[101],"SpringerLink,":[102],"Scopus,":[103],"Taylor":[104],"&":[105],"Francis,":[106],"Wiley":[108],"Online.":[109],"A":[110],"total":[111],"70":[113],"were":[115],"selected":[116],"in-depth":[118],"analysis,":[119],"focusing":[120],"predictors":[123],"engagement,":[128,156],"including":[129],"demographic":[130],"data,":[131],"behavioral":[132],"patterns,":[133],"learning":[134,168],"activities,":[135],"clickstream":[137],"data.":[138],"highlights":[141],"capabilities":[143],"DL":[145],"techniques":[146],"predicting":[148],"outcomes,":[150],"such":[151],"as":[152],"retention,":[153],"dropout,":[154],"offering":[157],"valuable":[158],"insights":[159],"educators":[161],"policymakers":[163],"aiming":[164],"improve":[166],"MOOC-based":[167],"environments.":[169],"By":[170],"conducting":[171],"SLR":[172],"using":[173],"PRISMA":[174],"model,":[175],"we":[176],"identified":[177],"research":[178],"findings":[179],"gaps":[181],"proposing":[183],"conceptual":[185],"framework":[186],"developing":[188],"future":[189,214],"personalized":[190,215],"adaptive":[192,217],"environment":[194],"inclusive":[197],"MOOC":[198],"based":[199],"hard":[200],"hearing":[202],"vision":[205],"learners.":[206],"paper":[208],"concludes":[209],"discussing":[211],"implications":[212],"environments":[219],"necessity":[222],"comprehensive":[224],"teacher":[225],"training":[226],"programs":[227],"navigate":[229],"these":[230],"evolving":[231],"educational":[232],"technologies.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":29}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
