{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406753766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533304","title":"Railway Foreign Object Intrusion Detection Using UAV Images and YOLO-UAT","display_name":"Railway Foreign Object Intrusion Detection Using UAV Images and YOLO-UAT","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406753766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533304"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3533304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533304","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100397467","display_name":"Yang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-4631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328775524","display_name":"Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03893we55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-4631","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhanhao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4365-0386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328775524","display_name":"Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03893we55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanhao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4365-0386","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Junming Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8949-9620"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328775524","display_name":"Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03893we55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junming Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8949-9620","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011064382","display_name":"Haiming Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328775524","display_name":"Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03893we55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiming Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6369-9805","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8817-313X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328775524","display_name":"Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03893we55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8817-313X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100397467"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":10.4284,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98077004,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"18498","last_page":"18509"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6880849599838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5918377637863159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.5808303952217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.543013334274292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5177730321884155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5121157169342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion","display_name":"Intrusion","score":0.5115257501602173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.20693522691726685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.1883653700351715}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6880849599838257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5918377637863159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.5808303952217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.543013334274292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5177730321884155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5121157169342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158251709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q354025","display_name":"Intrusion","level":2,"score":0.5115257501602173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.20693522691726685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.1883653700351715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3533304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:23f6709ff63947a9898ccd713fbf2003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/23f6709ff63947a9898ccd713fbf2003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 18498-18509 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3533304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3533304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1987086238","https://openalex.org/W2050661396","https://openalex.org/W2070449754","https://openalex.org/W2075698530","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2144213317","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2532363096","https://openalex.org/W2763205350","https://openalex.org/W3005521208","https://openalex.org/W3031844275","https://openalex.org/W3034745255","https://openalex.org/W3048744603","https://openalex.org/W3108285725","https://openalex.org/W3120471298","https://openalex.org/W3133321747","https://openalex.org/W3171350965","https://openalex.org/W4211154234","https://openalex.org/W4289752563","https://openalex.org/W4296124875","https://openalex.org/W4296759963","https://openalex.org/W4312199941","https://openalex.org/W4313471968","https://openalex.org/W4318953537","https://openalex.org/W4379931441","https://openalex.org/W4383376040","https://openalex.org/W4390748298","https://openalex.org/W4393088141","https://openalex.org/W4399800756","https://openalex.org/W4400534200","https://openalex.org/W4401809451","https://openalex.org/W4402401456","https://openalex.org/W6668990524","https://openalex.org/W6714138976","https://openalex.org/W6762718338"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357468538","https://openalex.org/W1577110157","https://openalex.org/W2355007334","https://openalex.org/W2906422846","https://openalex.org/W2390009783","https://openalex.org/W4254602698","https://openalex.org/W2394461323","https://openalex.org/W2133389611","https://openalex.org/W4292830139","https://openalex.org/W4319309705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rapidly":[0],"detecting":[1],"foreign":[2,40,54,62,190],"objects":[3,55],"in":[4,44,56,194],"the":[5,37,70,77,109,117,124,130,136,143,151,179,185,204],"railway\u2019s":[6],"natural":[7],"environment":[8,26],"is":[9,67,73,101,120],"crucial":[10],"for":[11,32,113],"safe":[12],"railway":[13,61],"operation":[14],"and":[15,25,27,30,107,132,154,187,201],"passenger":[16],"safety.":[17],"Traditional":[18],"detection":[19,43,89,111,169,193],"methods":[20],"are":[21,28],"limited":[22],"by":[23,147,157],"technology":[24],"costly":[29],"inefficient":[31],"large-scale":[33],"detection.":[34],"To":[35],"improve":[36],"efficiency":[38],"of":[39,81,135,145,171,189,207],"object":[41,63,191],"intrusion":[42,64],"railways,":[45],"this":[46],"study":[47],"proposes":[48],"a":[49,60,84,92,125,137,163,168],"YOLO-UAT":[50,141],"method":[51],"to":[52,75,103,122,150,159],"detect":[53],"railways":[57],"effectively.":[58],"First,":[59],"image":[65],"dataset":[66],"created.":[68],"Then":[69],"EfficientNet":[71],"network":[72,80],"employed":[74],"replace":[76],"backbone":[78],"extraction":[79,106],"YOLOv5s,":[82],"achieving":[83],"lightweight":[85],"model":[86,182],"that":[87,178],"enhances":[88,184],"speed.":[90],"Secondly,":[91],"C<inline-formula":[93],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[94],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[95],"<tex-math":[96],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$3\\_$":[97],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[98],"CBAM":[99],"module":[100],"constructed":[102],"enhance":[104,108],"feature":[105],"model\u2019s":[110],"ability":[112],"small-scale":[114],"targets.":[115],"Concurrently,":[116],"K-means++":[118],"algorithm":[119],"introduced":[121],"cluster":[123],"priori":[126,138],"frames,":[127],"which":[128],"improves":[129],"accuracy":[131,186],"convergence":[133],"speed":[134,188],"frame":[139],"clustering.":[140],"reduces":[142],"number":[144],"parameters":[146],"36%":[148],"compared":[149],"original":[152],"YOLOv5s":[153,181],"mAP":[155],"increased":[156],"6.1%":[158],"91.5%.":[160],"Implemented":[161],"on":[162],"Jetson":[164],"Nano,":[165],"it":[166],"achieves":[167],"rate":[170],"26.4":[172],"FPS.":[173],"The":[174],"experimental":[175],"results":[176],"demonstrate":[177],"enhanced":[180],"effectively":[183],"encroachment":[192],"railroads":[195],"while":[196],"ensuring":[197],"lightweightness,":[198],"facilitating":[199],"deployment,":[200],"aligning":[202],"with":[203],"operational":[205],"needs":[206],"railroads.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-05-16T08:24:45.110214","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}