{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406727990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3532775","title":"Dual-Channel Deepfake Audio Detection: Leveraging Direct and Reverberant Waveforms","display_name":"Dual-Channel Deepfake Audio Detection: Leveraging Direct and Reverberant Waveforms","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406727990","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3532775"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3532775","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3532775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3532775","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gunwoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4185-5626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141371507","display_name":"Soongsil University","ror":"https://ror.org/017xnm587","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gunwoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4185-5626","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100629464","display_name":"Jung Min Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8033-0725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141371507","display_name":"Soongsil University","ror":"https://ror.org/017xnm587","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungmin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109616230","display_name":"Minkyo Jung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141371507","display_name":"Soongsil University","ror":"https://ror.org/017xnm587","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minkyo Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Joseph Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3817-0514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141371507","display_name":"Soongsil University","ror":"https://ror.org/017xnm587","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3817-0514","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062053307","display_name":"Kihun Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-3630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141371507","display_name":"Soongsil University","ror":"https://ror.org/017xnm587","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kihun Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-3630","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031598830","display_name":"Souhwan Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2676-3412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141371507","display_name":"Soongsil University","ror":"https://ror.org/017xnm587","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Souhwan Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2676-3412","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027171928","display_name":"Yoseob Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0382-7826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141371507","display_name":"Soongsil University","ror":"https://ror.org/017xnm587","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoseob Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0382-7826","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":8.5122,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97711312,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"18040","last_page":"18052"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9570000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9330000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7735402584075928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.6739855408668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.5619680285453796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5313397645950317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.44643110036849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1851102113723755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7735402584075928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.6739855408668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.5619680285453796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5313397645950317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.44643110036849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1851102113723755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3532775","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3532775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:657c7498ddb84b75ae49abf1828b682a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/657c7498ddb84b75ae49abf1828b682a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 18040-18052 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3532775","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3532775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1032545434","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2024-2020-0-01602","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6633920390","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.RS-2023-00263037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327302","display_name":"Ministry of Information and Communications Technology, Iran","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013996527","https://openalex.org/W2301937176","https://openalex.org/W2558151185","https://openalex.org/W2808631503","https://openalex.org/W2886564777","https://openalex.org/W2911424785","https://openalex.org/W2936802426","https://openalex.org/W2939855790","https://openalex.org/W2942074357","https://openalex.org/W2963460857","https://openalex.org/W2963539064","https://openalex.org/W2964243274","https://openalex.org/W2972786657","https://openalex.org/W2972811785","https://openalex.org/W2973164265","https://openalex.org/W2984700035","https://openalex.org/W3003838795","https://openalex.org/W3034301684","https://openalex.org/W3081492798","https://openalex.org/W3093077034","https://openalex.org/W3096084197","https://openalex.org/W3096893582","https://openalex.org/W3108854358","https://openalex.org/W3163596559","https://openalex.org/W3170179936","https://openalex.org/W3174508664","https://openalex.org/W3175342695","https://openalex.org/W3203673582","https://openalex.org/W4205858138","https://openalex.org/W4210426155","https://openalex.org/W4224920249","https://openalex.org/W4293092748","https://openalex.org/W4307286264","https://openalex.org/W4312095900","https://openalex.org/W4312743281","https://openalex.org/W4375868976","https://openalex.org/W4386257516","https://openalex.org/W4391855470","https://openalex.org/W4402825096","https://openalex.org/W6748409065","https://openalex.org/W6752888775","https://openalex.org/W6778823374","https://openalex.org/W6796464841","https://openalex.org/W6797657831","https://openalex.org/W6799942944","https://openalex.org/W6845479124","https://openalex.org/W6849109464"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1974895211","https://openalex.org/W2129841057","https://openalex.org/W3040712279","https://openalex.org/W2176409448","https://openalex.org/W2364769705","https://openalex.org/W2056136368","https://openalex.org/W2952912015"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deepfake":[0],"content-including":[1],"audio,":[2],"video,":[3],"images,":[4],"and":[5,56,66,89,113,137],"text-synthesized":[6],"or":[7],"modified":[8],"using":[9],"artificial":[10],"intelligence":[11],"is":[12,144],"designed":[13],"to":[14,49,71],"convincingly":[15],"mimic":[16],"real":[17],"content.":[18,106],"As":[19],"deepfake":[20,25,40,51,81],"generation":[21],"technology":[22],"advances,":[23],"detecting":[24],"content":[26],"presents":[27],"significant":[28,127],"challenges.":[29],"While":[30],"recent":[31],"progress":[32],"has":[33],"been":[34],"made":[35],"in":[36,129],"detection":[37,83,101],"techniques,":[38],"identifying":[39],"audio":[41,57,67,82,95],"remains":[42],"particularly":[43],"challenging.":[44],"Previous":[45],"approaches":[46],"have":[47],"attempted":[48],"capture":[50],"features":[52],"by":[53,119],"combining":[54],"video":[55,65,105],"content;":[58],"however,":[59],"these":[60],"methods":[61],"are":[62,68],"ineffective":[63],"when":[64],"mismatched":[69],"due":[70],"occlusion.":[72],"To":[73],"address":[74],"this,":[75],"we":[76],"propose":[77],"a":[78],"novel":[79],"dual-channel":[80,124],"model":[84,125],"that":[85],"leverages":[86],"the":[87,122,140],"direct":[88],"reverberant":[90],"components":[91],"extracted":[92],"from":[93],"raw":[94],"signals,":[96],"focusing":[97],"exclusively":[98],"on":[99,104],"audio-based":[100],"without":[102],"reliance":[103],"Across":[107],"various":[108],"datasets,":[109],"including":[110],"ASVspoof2019,":[111],"FakeAVCeleb,":[112],"sport":[114],"press":[115],"conference":[116],"datasets":[117],"collected":[118],"our":[120],"group,":[121],"proposed":[123],"demonstrates":[126],"improvements":[128],"quantitative":[130],"metrics":[131],"such":[132],"as":[133],"equal":[134],"error":[135],"rate":[136],"area":[138],"under":[139],"curve.":[141],"The":[142],"implementation":[143],"available":[145],"at":[146],"<uri":[147],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[148],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">https://github.com/gunwoo5034/Dual-Channel-Audio-Deepfake-Detection</uri>.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}