{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406610327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531943","title":"Design of Approximate Adder With Reconfigurable Accuracy","display_name":"Design of Approximate Adder With Reconfigurable Accuracy","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406610327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531943"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3531943","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531943","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037344023","display_name":"M. Aalelai Vendhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0366-9522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101034","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Hyderabad Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/014ctt859","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aalelai Vendhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India","Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074594050","display_name":"Syed Ershad Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0333-9387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101034","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Hyderabad Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/014ctt859","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ershad Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India","Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102858177","display_name":"S. Gurunarayanan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-912X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101034","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science - Hyderabad Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/014ctt859","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Gurunarayanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India","Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037344023"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101034","https://openalex.org/I74796645"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.5903,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91878335,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"17030","last_page":"17042"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.7591000199317932,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.7591000199317932,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.7577999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.7009999752044678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.8767691850662231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7168535590171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.4059474766254425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.35851603746414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.3321714401245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15071254968643188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1190953254699707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.8767691850662231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7168535590171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.4059474766254425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.35851603746414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.3321714401245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15071254968643188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1190953254699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3531943","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9219a2eb0aa849a68bd29144b0a91e73","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9219a2eb0aa849a68bd29144b0a91e73","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 17030-17042 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3531943","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003024738","https://openalex.org/W2027526983","https://openalex.org/W2045294186","https://openalex.org/W2096227378","https://openalex.org/W2120992127","https://openalex.org/W2143132439","https://openalex.org/W2165303371","https://openalex.org/W2169245181","https://openalex.org/W2172161464","https://openalex.org/W2336252118","https://openalex.org/W2492938846","https://openalex.org/W2746211228","https://openalex.org/W2786402899","https://openalex.org/W2958071401","https://openalex.org/W3152748076","https://openalex.org/W3154835647","https://openalex.org/W3195986120","https://openalex.org/W4318823514","https://openalex.org/W4377103692","https://openalex.org/W4387053903","https://openalex.org/W4391305024","https://openalex.org/W4393356095","https://openalex.org/W4394698857"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4390550886","https://openalex.org/W3217463396","https://openalex.org/W2516396101","https://openalex.org/W2790557758","https://openalex.org/W3204929712","https://openalex.org/W2013839957","https://openalex.org/W3196607417"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Arithmetic":[0],"circuits":[1],"such":[2],"as":[3],"adders":[4,19,190],"are":[5,16],"fundamental":[6],"components":[7],"in":[8,74,105,134,196],"implementing":[9],"image":[10],"processing":[11],"applications.":[12],"Since":[13],"these":[14],"applications":[15,64],"error-tolerant,":[17],"the":[18,47,56,60,75,86,131,136,160,168,172,187,197],"can":[20],"be":[21],"approximated":[22],"to":[23,41,58,91,99],"improve":[24],"their":[25],"PDP":[26],"(Power-Delay-Product)":[27],"metric":[28],"while":[29,179],"maintaining":[30],"accuracy":[31,101,108,155,173],"within":[32],"tolerance":[33],"limits.":[34],"This":[35],"paper":[36],"proposes":[37],"a":[38,71,80,164],"segmentation":[39],"technique":[40,73],"design":[42,133],"ternary":[43],"approximate":[44,77,87,118,138,152],"adders,":[45,78],"where":[46],"entire":[48],"adder":[49,120,140,154,170,178],"chain":[50],"is":[51],"split":[52],"into":[53],"segments,":[54],"with":[55,130],"intent":[57],"reduce":[59],"delay.":[61,149],"Next,":[62],"for":[63],"that":[65,83],"require":[66],"tunable":[67],"accuracy,":[68,89],"we":[69],"incorporate":[70],"reconfiguration":[72,166],"segmented":[76],"using":[79,116,194],"divide-and-conquer":[81],"methodology":[82,113],"dynamically":[84],"optimizes":[85],"adder\u2019s":[88],"leading":[90],"efficient":[92],"computation.":[93],"Also,":[94],"an":[95,106,117,175,181],"algorithm":[96],"was":[97,114,156],"proposed":[98,112,137,151,169,188],"compute":[100],"and":[102,125,146],"hardware":[103],"complexity":[104],"N-trit":[107],"reconfigurable":[109,161],"adder.":[110],"The":[111,150],"validated":[115,192],"6-trit":[119,139,153,177,189],"on":[121],"its":[122],"power":[123,144],"consumption":[124,145],"delay":[126],"performance":[127],"metrics.":[128],"Compared":[129],"best":[132],"literature,":[135],"exhibits":[141],"63%":[142],"lesser":[143,148],"69%":[147],"progressively":[157],"enhanced":[158],"through":[159],"method.":[162],"After":[163],"few":[165],"stages,":[167],"matched":[171],"of":[174],"exact":[176],"achieving":[180],"improved":[182],"power-delay":[183],"product":[184],"(PDP).":[185],"Finally,":[186],"were":[191],"by":[193],"them":[195],"image-blending":[198],"application.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
