{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406610229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531396","title":"Deep Learning-Based Fully Automatic Segmentation of the Paranasal Sinuses in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients Using Computed Tomographic Images","display_name":"Deep Learning-Based Fully Automatic Segmentation of the Paranasal Sinuses in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients Using Computed Tomographic Images","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406610229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531396"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3531396","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531396","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100449558","display_name":"Yuhang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5181-0271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200","https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072689275","display_name":"Xiaolei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5909-5820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5909-5820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200","https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101939538","display_name":"Weidong Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6231-4484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200","https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032292970","display_name":"Na Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-320X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200","https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115946841","display_name":"Yi Lyv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Lyv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200","https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111970691","display_name":"Keying Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keying Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200","https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100549180","display_name":"Yiyang Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiyang Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200","https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026091828","display_name":"Yuxin Jie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1612-6145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuxin Jie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200","https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011922439","display_name":"Lin Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1668-4422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200","https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111222537","display_name":"Weipiao Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32574673","display_name":"Shantou University","ror":"https://ror.org/01a099706","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32574673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121200","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/035rs9v13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weipiao Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121200","https://openalex.org/I32574673"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.678,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96882709,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"16444","last_page":"16454"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10984","display_name":"Sinusitis and nasal conditions","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2733","display_name":"Otorhinolaryngology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10984","display_name":"Sinusitis and nasal conditions","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2733","display_name":"Otorhinolaryngology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11812","display_name":"Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paranasal-sinuses","display_name":"Paranasal sinuses","score":0.743237316608429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-rhinosinusitis","display_name":"Chronic rhinosinusitis","score":0.6375563144683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.590837299823761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5370648503303528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5255699753761292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5034677386283875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.48058176040649414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computed-tomographic","display_name":"Computed tomographic","score":0.47746017575263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.4665835499763489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computed-tomography","display_name":"Computed tomography","score":0.43605396151542664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3994865119457245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.0823240578174591}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777955602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q281473","display_name":"Paranasal sinuses","level":2,"score":0.743237316608429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019717275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183344","display_name":"Chronic rhinosinusitis","level":2,"score":0.6375563144683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.590837299823761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5370648503303528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5255699753761292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5034677386283875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.48058176040649414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985771010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomographic","level":3,"score":0.47746017575263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.4665835499763489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.43605396151542664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3994865119457245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0823240578174591}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3531396","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:11f3aad101ff45b0befa99d9fd8e18e2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/11f3aad101ff45b0befa99d9fd8e18e2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 16444-16454 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3531396","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3531396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2309487602","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82020108016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3902967183","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515220183","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","funder_display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5076579578","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023A1515220183","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337111","display_name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1762605472","https://openalex.org/W1885435857","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1983049258","https://openalex.org/W2008945707","https://openalex.org/W2026616100","https://openalex.org/W2044166933","https://openalex.org/W2057882295","https://openalex.org/W2059917187","https://openalex.org/W2136013674","https://openalex.org/W2165726810","https://openalex.org/W2300353401","https://openalex.org/W2464708700","https://openalex.org/W2515977513","https://openalex.org/W2517954747","https://openalex.org/W2561981131","https://openalex.org/W2592929672","https://openalex.org/W2783845858","https://openalex.org/W2962914239","https://openalex.org/W2964159641","https://openalex.org/W2996290406","https://openalex.org/W3014974815","https://openalex.org/W3074741277","https://openalex.org/W3127751679","https://openalex.org/W3154628833","https://openalex.org/W3210165781","https://openalex.org/W4205121737","https://openalex.org/W4220945329","https://openalex.org/W4224279734","https://openalex.org/W4282944536","https://openalex.org/W4292266381","https://openalex.org/W4302287947","https://openalex.org/W4321232185","https://openalex.org/W4387214918","https://openalex.org/W4389225795","https://openalex.org/W4405439378","https://openalex.org/W6724804524","https://openalex.org/W6739696289","https://openalex.org/W6771608404","https://openalex.org/W6808959957"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2390963450","https://openalex.org/W2315808131","https://openalex.org/W4224221214","https://openalex.org/W2884606283","https://openalex.org/W2404402029","https://openalex.org/W2401212995","https://openalex.org/W2125020146","https://openalex.org/W2427187145","https://openalex.org/W4240257336","https://openalex.org/W25884120"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chronic":[0],"rhinosinusitis":[1],"with":[2,84,144],"nasal":[3,13],"polyps":[4],"(CRSwNP),":[5],"as":[6],"one":[7],"of":[8,24,55,70,75,109,142,158,171,178,190,209,230,235,238,241,245,272],"the":[9,22,53,117,123,129,153,176,198,204,218,222,270],"most":[10],"common":[11],"chronic":[12],"inflammations,":[14],"has":[15],"been":[16],"a":[17,85,98,147,163,226],"major":[18],"research":[19],"focus":[20],"in":[21,49,122,175,184,262],"field":[23,177],"rhinology":[25],"due":[26],"to":[27,88,103,115,269],"its":[28,172],"complex":[29,191],"and":[30,34,52,73,77,91,120,156,187,206,243,267],"varied":[31],"pathophysiological":[32],"features":[33,208],"suboptimal":[35],"clinical":[36,273],"treatment":[37,57,79],"outcomes.":[38],"However,":[39],"existing":[40],"diagnostic":[41,130],"methods":[42],"still":[43],"face":[44],"many":[45],"challenges,":[46],"especially":[47,183],"shortcomings":[48],"accurate":[50,188],"typing":[51],"development":[54],"individualized":[56],"plans.":[58],"Currently,":[59],"sinus":[60,110,199,211,253],"CT":[61,212],"is":[62],"an":[63],"essential":[64],"non-invasive":[65],"tool":[66],"for":[67,132,152],"preoperative":[68],"assessment":[69],"CRSwNP":[71,93,150,252,265],"endotypes,":[72],"formulation":[74],"personalized":[76],"precise":[78],"strategies.":[80],"It":[81],"provides":[82],"otolaryngologists":[83],"valuable":[86],"means":[87],"successfully":[89],"diagnose":[90],"treat":[92],"patients.":[94],"This":[95,247],"paper":[96],"introduces":[97],"3D":[99,107,165,179,210],"semantic":[100],"segmentation":[101,108,189,223,254,258],"technology":[102],"achieve":[104],"fully":[105,250],"automatic":[106,251],"lesion":[111],"regions,":[112],"allowing":[113],"physicians":[114],"observe":[116],"anatomical":[118],"structures":[119],"lesions":[121],"sinuses":[124],"more":[125],"clearly,":[126],"thereby":[127],"improving":[128],"accuracy":[131,237],"CRSwNP.":[133],"The":[134,193],"study":[135],"involved":[136],"242":[137],"Computed":[138],"Tomography":[139],"(CT)":[140],"images":[141],"patients":[143],"CRSwNP,":[145],"constructing":[146],"high-quality":[148],"professional":[149],"database":[151],"training,":[154],"validation,":[155],"testing":[157],"neural":[159],"networks.":[160],"We":[161],"chose":[162],"custom":[164],"nnU-Net":[166],"v2":[167],"network":[168],"model":[169,194,219,255],"because":[170],"excellent":[173,257],"performance":[174],"medical":[180],"image":[181],"segmentation,":[182],"automated":[185],"training":[186],"structures.":[192],"can":[195],"accurately":[196,220],"segment":[197],"cavity":[200],"by":[201],"deeply":[202],"learning":[203],"microstructure":[205],"deep":[207,248],"images.":[213],"Testing":[214],"results":[215],"demonstrated":[216],"that":[217],"identified":[221],"areas,":[224],"achieving":[225],"Dice":[227],"Similarity":[228],"Coefficient":[229],"92.8%,":[231],"Intersection":[232],"over":[233],"Union":[234],"86.64%,":[236],"99.69%,":[239],"precision":[240],"92.63%,":[242],"recall":[244],"93.22%.":[246],"learning-based":[249],"exhibits":[256],"performance,":[259],"aiding":[260],"clinicians":[261],"further":[263],"diagnosing":[264],"endotypes":[266],"contributing":[268],"advancement":[271],"application":[274],"deployment.":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}