{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406457670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3530412","title":"Model-Based Variation-Aware Optimization for Offset Calibration and Pre-Sensing in DRAM Sense Amplifiers","display_name":"Model-Based Variation-Aware Optimization for Offset Calibration and Pre-Sensing in DRAM Sense Amplifiers","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406457670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3530412"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3530412","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3530412","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3530412","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086131469","display_name":"Dongyeong Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5942-329X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongyeong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5942-329X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058095549","display_name":"Geon Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100365923","display_name":"Su Yeon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4837-9916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4837-9916","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025014116","display_name":"Jewon Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7366-8840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jewon Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7366-8840","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075409881","display_name":"S.Y. Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sinwook Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3052-1293","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071811568","display_name":"Hyeonji Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6659-6853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyeona Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chaehyuk Lim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaehyuk Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101941932","display_name":"So Won Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7256-1160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sowon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012941299","display_name":"Juwon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0213-6721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juwon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jeonghyeon Yun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeonghyeon Yun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089501248","display_name":"Hyerin Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyerin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083624265","display_name":"Jinseok Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7743-4112"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinseok Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7743-4112","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101858279","display_name":"Yong\u2010Bok Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9539-8298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongbok Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101690470","display_name":"Seungchan Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-9660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seungchan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9959-9660","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101443849","display_name":"Myoung Jin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-3801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myoungjin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-3801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Electronics and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwanju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":15,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.2134,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93838332,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"14165","last_page":"14176"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.7980620265007019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.7272666692733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6392914652824402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.5605155229568481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5568109750747681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current-sense-amplifier","display_name":"Current sense amplifier","score":0.5462713241577148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sense","display_name":"Sense (electronics)","score":0.4329664707183838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.37683922052383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.19176360964775085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-amplifier","display_name":"Operational amplifier","score":0.19032955169677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.18004202842712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11423924565315247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.10838332772254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09532025456428528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07922950387001038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07768288254737854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.7980620265007019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7272666692733765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6392914652824402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.5605155229568481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5568109750747681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182442803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5195113","display_name":"Current sense amplifier","level":5,"score":0.5462713241577148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143141573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7450971","display_name":"Sense (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4329664707183838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.37683922052383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.19176360964775085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145366948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178947","display_name":"Operational amplifier","level":4,"score":0.19032955169677734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.18004202842712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11423924565315247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.10838332772254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09532025456428528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07922950387001038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07768288254737854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3530412","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3530412","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6682ff6fe2e64af1b9605c1348329531","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6682ff6fe2e64af1b9605c1348329531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 14165-14176 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3530412","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3530412","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3153707972","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2022-00156385","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3413165127","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2024-00156287","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970598944","https://openalex.org/W1993302120","https://openalex.org/W2012303613","https://openalex.org/W2046515116","https://openalex.org/W2071413176","https://openalex.org/W2099320289","https://openalex.org/W2105963142","https://openalex.org/W2118601026","https://openalex.org/W2125878364","https://openalex.org/W2140823559","https://openalex.org/W2142111686","https://openalex.org/W2150938923","https://openalex.org/W2158615273","https://openalex.org/W2163834728","https://openalex.org/W2168101540","https://openalex.org/W2171400667","https://openalex.org/W2886007594","https://openalex.org/W2886157646","https://openalex.org/W2955838247","https://openalex.org/W2962332074","https://openalex.org/W3006717577","https://openalex.org/W3189580312","https://openalex.org/W4214541424","https://openalex.org/W4242610597","https://openalex.org/W4310663256","https://openalex.org/W4312271788","https://openalex.org/W4366668142","https://openalex.org/W4394677098"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W994323718","https://openalex.org/W200089558","https://openalex.org/W2022738546","https://openalex.org/W2024941792","https://openalex.org/W1594109447","https://openalex.org/W1585300074","https://openalex.org/W2032596396","https://openalex.org/W2477444208","https://openalex.org/W4239524903","https://openalex.org/W4300697327"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,231],"proposes":[2],"a":[3],"new":[4],"mathematical":[5],"model":[6,100,127,160,187],"that":[7],"accurately":[8,113,144,237],"predicts":[9],"statistical":[10,78,202],"margin":[11],"characteristics":[12,243],"of":[13,109,157,197],"bit-line":[14],"sense":[15],"amplifiers":[16],"(BLSAs)":[17],"with":[18,151,259],"offset":[19,242],"calibration":[20],"(OC)":[21],"and":[22,60,70,94,106,117,143,174,224,240,252],"pre-sensing":[23],"(PS),":[24],"while":[25],"providing":[26],"techniques":[27,62],"to":[28,66,112,215,245],"improve":[29],"sensing":[30,43,50],"margins.":[31],"In":[32,228],"particular,":[33],"threshold":[34],"voltage":[35],"mismatch":[36],"caused":[37],"by":[38,192,236],"reduced":[39],"transistor":[40,95,146,253],"sizes":[41],"introduces":[42],"offsets,":[44],"further":[45],"degrading":[46],"the":[47,101,158,195,205],"already":[48],"limited":[49],"margins":[51],"under":[52],"low-voltage":[53],"conditions.":[54],"While":[55,167],"various":[56,122,216],"BLSAs":[57,111],"incorporating":[58],"OC":[59,86,221],"PS":[61,107,225],"have":[63,72],"been":[64,73],"proposed":[65,159],"address":[67],"these":[68],"challenges,":[69],"studies":[71],"conducted":[74],"on":[75,220],"models":[76],"predicting":[77,238],"offset,":[79],"previous":[80,141],"research":[81],"has":[82],"not":[83,138],"adequately":[84],"considered":[85,139],"timing":[87],"(<inline-formula":[88],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[89,130,247],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[90,131,248],"<tex-math":[91,132,249],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$t_{OC}$":[92,133,250],"</tex-math></inline-formula>)":[93],"size":[96,147,254],"effects.":[97],"We":[98],"independently":[99],"OC,":[102],"charge":[103],"sharing":[104],"(CS),":[105],"operations":[108],"DRAM":[110],"predict":[114],"both":[115],"deterministic":[116,239],"stochastic":[118,241],"offsets":[119],"resulting":[120],"from":[121],"operation":[123,226],"combinations.":[124],"Notably,":[125],"our":[126,186],"incorporates":[128],"<inline-formula":[129,246],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[134,251],"dependency,":[135],"which":[136],"was":[137],"in":[140,162],"models,":[142],"analyzes":[145],"effects":[148],"through":[149,199,212],"integration":[150],"Pelgrom\u2019s":[152],"equation.":[153],"The":[154],"primary":[155],"advantage":[156],"lies":[161],"its":[163],"design":[164,183,190,234],"optimization":[165],"efficiency.":[166],"HSPICE":[168,260],"simulations":[169],"combining":[170],"Monte":[171],"Carlo":[172],"(MC)":[173],"binary":[175],"search":[176],"methods":[177],"require":[178],"numerous":[179],"iterations":[180],"for":[181],"single":[182],"point":[184],"verification,":[185],"significantly":[188],"reduces":[189],"time":[191],"effectively":[193],"narrowing":[194],"region":[196],"interest":[198],"pre-optimization":[200],"using":[201],"characteristics.":[203],"Furthermore,":[204],"model\u2019s":[206],"general":[207],"form":[208],"demonstrates":[209],"high":[210,257],"practicality":[211],"easy":[213],"application":[214],"BLSA":[217],"types":[218,223],"based":[219],"scheme":[222],"presence.":[227],"conclusion,":[229],"this":[230],"presents":[232],"optimal":[233],"guidelines":[235],"according":[244],"ratios,":[255],"showing":[256],"correlation":[258],"MC":[261],"simulation":[262],"results.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
