{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406354154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3529754","title":"Path Planning for Fully Autonomous UAVs-A Taxonomic Review and Future Perspectives","display_name":"Path Planning for Fully Autonomous UAVs-A Taxonomic Review and Future Perspectives","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406354154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3529754"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3529754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3529754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3529754","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101853262","display_name":"Geeta Sharma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142231","display_name":"Central University of Jammu","ror":"https://ror.org/03nw1rg94","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142231"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geeta Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India","Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu, and Kashmir, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9594-3226","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142231"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu, and Kashmir, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142231"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010342319","display_name":"Sanjeev Jain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1574-0522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142231","display_name":"Central University of Jammu","ror":"https://ror.org/03nw1rg94","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142231"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjeev Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India","Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu, and Kashmir, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1574-0522","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142231"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, Central University of Jammu, Samba, Jammu, and Kashmir, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142231"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049702683","display_name":"Radhe Shyam Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-6265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121405","display_name":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics","ror":"https://ror.org/01xnbq218","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340206300","https://openalex.org/I4210121405","https://openalex.org/I4210150591"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9579091","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Mandi","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9r2f34","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Radhe Shyam Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India","Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, IIT Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-6265","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, IIT Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9579091","https://openalex.org/I4210121405"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":17.7639,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99358272,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"13356","last_page":"13379"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11615","display_name":"Control and Dynamics of Mobile Robots","score":0.968500018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9577999711036682,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6504206657409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-planning","display_name":"Motion planning","score":0.590166449546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.5022521018981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remotely-operated-underwater-vehicle","display_name":"Remotely operated underwater vehicle","score":0.4475119411945343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3887372314929962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.2554388642311096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22369685769081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.18697187304496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.16298836469650269}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6504206657409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81074085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366872","display_name":"Motion planning","level":3,"score":0.590166449546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5022521018981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145424490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618465","display_name":"Remotely operated underwater vehicle","level":4,"score":0.4475119411945343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3887372314929962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.2554388642311096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22369685769081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.18697187304496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.16298836469650269}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3529754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3529754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f8bd8f2666cf4ba9ade238e39283fbe3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f8bd8f2666cf4ba9ade238e39283fbe3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 13356-13379 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3529754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3529754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":100,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525029243","https://openalex.org/W1988615714","https://openalex.org/W2078441129","https://openalex.org/W2081794857","https://openalex.org/W2098206081","https://openalex.org/W2163096432","https://openalex.org/W2396274919","https://openalex.org/W2582222835","https://openalex.org/W2623923152","https://openalex.org/W2755553401","https://openalex.org/W2756429360","https://openalex.org/W2782715402","https://openalex.org/W2808115698","https://openalex.org/W2810024636","https://openalex.org/W2868446404","https://openalex.org/W2883226036","https://openalex.org/W2885320369","https://openalex.org/W2888116234","https://openalex.org/W2891228419","https://openalex.org/W2896481994","https://openalex.org/W2898054279","https://openalex.org/W2898070459","https://openalex.org/W2904121432","https://openalex.org/W2907916537","https://openalex.org/W2914830997","https://openalex.org/W2921643950","https://openalex.org/W2921656333","https://openalex.org/W2956137806","https://openalex.org/W2963516936","https://openalex.org/W2971481292","https://openalex.org/W2973027264","https://openalex.org/W2973184394","https://openalex.org/W2978276956","https://openalex.org/W2981460880","https://openalex.org/W2981762858","https://openalex.org/W2988592481","https://openalex.org/W3005955064","https://openalex.org/W3006279940","https://openalex.org/W3016709002","https://openalex.org/W3017479192","https://openalex.org/W3018656899","https://openalex.org/W3035500766","https://openalex.org/W3040669448","https://openalex.org/W3047375952","https://openalex.org/W3088798727","https://openalex.org/W3091001089","https://openalex.org/W3093365091","https://openalex.org/W3113254760","https://openalex.org/W3119164649","https://openalex.org/W3124152587","https://openalex.org/W3126526612","https://openalex.org/W3132105662","https://openalex.org/W3153066392","https://openalex.org/W3155005676","https://openalex.org/W3164652846","https://openalex.org/W3176039641","https://openalex.org/W3187046409","https://openalex.org/W3201187133","https://openalex.org/W3201272818","https://openalex.org/W3209724132","https://openalex.org/W3213966068","https://openalex.org/W4200118636","https://openalex.org/W4206551848","https://openalex.org/W4206593941","https://openalex.org/W4206834792","https://openalex.org/W4207016512","https://openalex.org/W4220885386","https://openalex.org/W4223954537","https://openalex.org/W4224288782","https://openalex.org/W4226364616","https://openalex.org/W4254101930","https://openalex.org/W4281693658","https://openalex.org/W4282836858","https://openalex.org/W4282923860","https://openalex.org/W4285117889","https://openalex.org/W4293054053","https://openalex.org/W4293220993","https://openalex.org/W4296908516","https://openalex.org/W4304080571","https://openalex.org/W4312922633","https://openalex.org/W4316038501","https://openalex.org/W4318483688","https://openalex.org/W4319755436","https://openalex.org/W4321599785","https://openalex.org/W4366966656","https://openalex.org/W4381987765","https://openalex.org/W4386814316","https://openalex.org/W4387118767","https://openalex.org/W4389319247","https://openalex.org/W4389401702","https://openalex.org/W4389666571","https://openalex.org/W4390670349","https://openalex.org/W4391936119","https://openalex.org/W6725708968","https://openalex.org/W6743802245","https://openalex.org/W6747473740","https://openalex.org/W6748554570","https://openalex.org/W6748866174","https://openalex.org/W6776142756","https://openalex.org/W6804038194"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2359600231","https://openalex.org/W2380019117","https://openalex.org/W3138952546","https://openalex.org/W1987886368","https://openalex.org/W1660309994","https://openalex.org/W2369187583","https://openalex.org/W3197207153"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Autonomous":[0],"Unmanned":[1],"Aerial":[2],"Vehicles":[3],"(UAVs)":[4],"rely":[5],"on":[6,97,113],"advanced":[7],"path":[8,27,51,65,81,136,197],"planning":[9,66,82,137],"to":[10,39,90,178,191],"operate":[11],"independently,":[12],"especially":[13],"in":[14,80,155],"unfamiliar":[15],"settings":[16],"without":[17],"human":[18],"intervention.":[19],"The":[20],"process":[21],"typically":[22],"involves":[23],"localization,":[24],"mapping,":[25],"optimal":[26],"selection,":[28],"motion":[29],"planning,":[30],"and":[31,53,128,166,182],"control.":[32],"Achieving":[33],"autonomous":[34],"navigation":[35],"from":[36,87],"one":[37],"point":[38],"another":[40],"requires":[41],"balancing":[42],"various":[43,110],"factors,":[44],"such":[45,150],"as":[46,151],"energy":[47,167],"efficiency,":[48,123],"speed,":[49],"cost,":[50],"length,":[52],"computation":[54],"time.":[55],"In":[56],"this":[57],"study,":[58],"a":[59,94,106],"novel":[60],"taxonomy":[61],"that":[62,131],"categorizes":[63],"UAV":[64,135,196],"into":[67],"four":[68],"distinct":[69],"classifications":[70],"is":[71,100],"introduced.":[72],"A":[73],"systematic":[74],"review":[75,104],"of":[76,109,194],"the":[77,85,192],"technological":[78],"advancements":[79],"methodologies,":[83],"tracking":[84],"evolution":[86],"classical":[88],"techniques":[89],"cutting-edge":[91],"solutions,":[92],"with":[93],"particular":[95],"focus":[96],"dynamic":[98,156],"environments":[99],"also":[101,139],"represented.":[102],"This":[103,175],"includes":[105],"comparative":[107],"analysis":[108],"methods":[111],"based":[112],"factors":[114],"including":[115],"approach":[116],"utilized,":[117],"testing":[118],"platform,":[119],"environment":[120],"type,":[121],"time":[122],"etc.":[124],"Various":[125],"relevant":[126],"parameters":[127],"benchmark":[129],"datasets":[130],"are":[132,138],"crucial":[133],"for":[134,186],"explored.":[140],"Despite":[141],"widespread":[142],"use,":[143],"current":[144],"methodologies":[145],"still":[146],"face":[147],"significant":[148],"challenges,":[149],"handling":[152],"unknown":[153],"threats":[154],"environments,":[157],"effective":[158],"obstacle":[159],"avoidance,":[160],"limited":[161],"payload":[162],"capacity,":[163],"real-time":[164,195],"responsiveness,":[165],"consumption.":[168],"These":[169],"issues":[170],"limit":[171],"their":[172],"overall":[173],"usefulness.":[174],"study":[176],"aims":[177],"highlight":[179],"these":[180],"challenges":[181],"suggest":[183],"potential":[184],"directions":[185],"future":[187],"research,":[188],"ultimately":[189],"contributing":[190],"advancement":[193],"planning.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}