{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406137583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526828","title":"Manifold Energy Projection Twin Support Vector Machine for Semi-Supervised Classification","display_name":"Manifold Energy Projection Twin Support Vector Machine for Semi-Supervised Classification","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406137583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3526828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526828","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jia-Nan Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8839-8724"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147759","display_name":"Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/055gyn525","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147759"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia-Nan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Business College, Institute of Electronic Commerce, Hangzhou, China","Institute of Electronic Commerce, Zhejiang Business College, Hangzhou, P.R.China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8839-8724","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Business College, Institute of Electronic Commerce, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147759"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronic Commerce, Zhejiang Business College, Hangzhou, P.R.China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101788168","display_name":"Zhilin Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9400-7515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Lin Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhijiang College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Shaoxing, China","Zhijiang College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Shaoxing, P.R.China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhijiang College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Shaoxing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhijiang College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Shaoxing, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.5311,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79919225,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"6704","last_page":"6728"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.84170001745224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.84170001745224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.746258020401001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.6841350197792053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6247155070304871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5703661441802979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-projection","display_name":"Vector projection","score":0.5565106868743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5466523766517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance-vector-machine","display_name":"Relevance vector machine","score":0.4865364134311676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","score":0.47721749544143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4751862585544586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structured-support-vector-machine","display_name":"Structured support vector machine","score":0.4612727165222168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection-pursuit","display_name":"Projection pursuit","score":0.45548194646835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32223913073539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2354622483253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23029521107673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.0781756043434143}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.746258020401001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6841350197792053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6247155070304871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5703661441802979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45354692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2734388","display_name":"Vector projection","level":2,"score":0.5565106868743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5466523766517639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14948415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310972","display_name":"Relevance vector machine","level":3,"score":0.4865364134311676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529865628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","level":2,"score":0.47721749544143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4751862585544586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125168437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7625184","display_name":"Structured support vector machine","level":3,"score":0.4612727165222168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118038509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382970","display_name":"Projection pursuit","level":2,"score":0.45548194646835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32223913073539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2354622483253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23029521107673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0781756043434143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3526828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d097f33b11134d5386cc6eceff388540","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d097f33b11134d5386cc6eceff388540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 6704-6728 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3526828","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1297762896","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61070113","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3929590337","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61502425","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4896777378","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LY13F020027","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1882168827","https://openalex.org/W1963733777","https://openalex.org/W1976437208","https://openalex.org/W1980800761","https://openalex.org/W1987769400","https://openalex.org/W1993660315","https://openalex.org/W2001474526","https://openalex.org/W2017368465","https://openalex.org/W2039073241","https://openalex.org/W2042184006","https://openalex.org/W2042561770","https://openalex.org/W2056811412","https://openalex.org/W2057918986","https://openalex.org/W2077563243","https://openalex.org/W2081215732","https://openalex.org/W2088246901","https://openalex.org/W2090089568","https://openalex.org/W2090603553","https://openalex.org/W2093265755","https://openalex.org/W2132425109","https://openalex.org/W2159937720","https://openalex.org/W2170860445","https://openalex.org/W2184222852","https://openalex.org/W2528144111","https://openalex.org/W2767220140","https://openalex.org/W2771031721","https://openalex.org/W2782482279","https://openalex.org/W2883946950","https://openalex.org/W2910391817","https://openalex.org/W2912918611","https://openalex.org/W2964401628","https://openalex.org/W2978031561","https://openalex.org/W3003529114","https://openalex.org/W3157698638","https://openalex.org/W3203004730","https://openalex.org/W4206751844","https://openalex.org/W4285290503","https://openalex.org/W4309763130","https://openalex.org/W4360995338","https://openalex.org/W4389789261","https://openalex.org/W4392672403","https://openalex.org/W4393136624"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4291214623","https://openalex.org/W2119118554","https://openalex.org/W2352397209","https://openalex.org/W2528215262","https://openalex.org/W2189588699","https://openalex.org/W2683383161","https://openalex.org/W2565312173","https://openalex.org/W147281455","https://openalex.org/W2019129831","https://openalex.org/W2534908496"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,182],"Projection":[1,62],"Twin":[2,63],"Support":[3],"Vector":[4],"Machine":[5],"(PTSVM)":[6],"and":[7,50,77,111,161,167,179,195],"its":[8,185],"variant,":[9],"the":[10,84,100,105,114,125,152,165],"Least":[11],"Squares":[12],"PTSVM":[13],"(LSPTSVM),":[14],"have":[15],"demonstrated":[16,172],"significant":[17],"effectiveness":[18,166],"in":[19,39,187],"supervised":[20],"classification":[21,120,159,193],"tasks":[22],"due":[23],"to":[24,95,191],"their":[25,30,37],"strong":[26],"generalization":[27],"capabilities.":[28],"However,":[29],"reliance":[31],"on":[32,176],"fully":[33],"labeled":[34,45,110],"data":[35,127,190],"limits":[36],"applicability":[38],"real-world":[40,180],"scenarios,":[41],"where":[42],"obtaining":[43],"complete":[44],"datasets":[46],"is":[47],"often":[48],"challenging":[49],"expensive.":[51],"To":[52],"overcome":[53],"this":[54],"limitation,":[55],"we":[56],"propose":[57],"a":[58,117,133],"novel":[59],"Manifold":[60],"Energy":[61],"SVM":[64],"(MEPTSVM)":[65],"model":[66,115],"for":[67,124,144],"semi-supervised":[68],"learning,":[69],"which":[70],"extends":[71],"PTSVMs":[72],"by":[73],"integrating":[74,108],"manifold":[75,93],"regularization":[76,94],"energy-based":[78,142],"margins.":[79],"Our":[80],"proposed":[81],"MEPTSVM":[82,91,139,170],"offers":[83],"following":[85],"advancements":[86],"over":[87],"traditional":[88],"PTSVMs:":[89],"Firstly,":[90],"incorporates":[92],"leverage":[96],"unlabeled":[97,112,189],"data,":[98],"capturing":[99],"underlying":[101],"geometric":[102],"structure":[103],"of":[104,131,155,169],"dataset.":[106],"By":[107],"both":[109,177],"samples,":[113],"derives":[116],"more":[118],"generalizable":[119],"boundary":[121],"that":[122],"accounts":[123],"global":[126],"distribution.":[128],"Secondly,":[129],"instead":[130],"employing":[132],"fixed":[134],"distance":[135],"margin":[136,143],"between":[137],"classes,":[138,157],"introduces":[140],"an":[141],"each":[145],"projection.":[146],"This":[147],"adaptive":[148],"approach":[149],"better":[150],"captures":[151],"discriminative":[153],"characteristics":[154],"different":[156],"enhancing":[158],"performance":[160],"improving":[162],"generalization.":[163],"Finally,":[164],"practicality":[168],"are":[171],"through":[173],"extensive":[174],"experiments":[175],"synthetic":[178],"datasets.":[181],"results":[183],"validate":[184],"superiority":[186],"leveraging":[188],"improve":[192],"accuracy":[194],"robustness.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}