{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406094306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526332","title":"Cyclic Learning Rate-Based Co-Training for Image Classification With Noisy Labels","display_name":"Cyclic Learning Rate-Based Co-Training for Image Classification With Noisy Labels","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406094306","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526332"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3526332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526332","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ying Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9993-7643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154004","display_name":"Shandong Provincial Water Resources Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04ndr7251","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","Shandong Province Water Transfer Project Operation and Maintenance Center, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9993-7643","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Province Water Transfer Project Operation and Maintenance Center, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yu Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1941-6668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154004","display_name":"Shandong Provincial Water Resources Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04ndr7251","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Province Water Transfer Project Operation and Maintenance Center, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1941-6668","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Province Water Transfer Project Operation and Maintenance Center, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pingping Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7665-4911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154004","display_name":"Shandong Provincial Water Resources Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04ndr7251","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pingping Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Province Water Transfer Project Operation and Maintenance Center, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7665-4911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Province Water Transfer Project Operation and Maintenance Center, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Dong Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8167-369X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107285","display_name":"Jiangsu Provincial Water Survey & Design Institute (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01gpm9f56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107285"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Company Ltd., Jinan, China","Shandong Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Co. LTD, Jinan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8167-369X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Company Ltd., Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107285"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute Co. LTD, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107285"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113277413","display_name":"Siqi Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siqi Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071995587","display_name":"Xin Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-2070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-2070","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0406-5936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163340411","display_name":"Hohai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wd4xt90","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0406-5936","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information, Hohai University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163340411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.792,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89531809,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"6292","last_page":"6305"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.8356000185012817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.8356000185012817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7428016066551208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.6340028643608093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5968871116638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.5207642912864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.49548637866973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-training","display_name":"Co-training","score":0.43229392170906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.41469189524650574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.36666572093963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3211522102355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-supervised-learning","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","score":0.14592111110687256}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7428016066551208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.6340028643608093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5968871116638184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.5207642912864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.49548637866973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776959682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005296","display_name":"Co-training","level":3,"score":0.43229392170906067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41469189524650574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36666572093963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3211522102355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58973888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1041418","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","level":2,"score":0.14592111110687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3526332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:939dc708791f48d8b28af6c13b47012c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/939dc708791f48d8b28af6c13b47012c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 6292-6305 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3526332","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3526332","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514928307","https://openalex.org/W1921293667","https://openalex.org/W2048679005","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2566079294","https://openalex.org/W2577784528","https://openalex.org/W2592335154","https://openalex.org/W2606901057","https://openalex.org/W2887842788","https://openalex.org/W2964274690","https://openalex.org/W2988966271","https://openalex.org/W3034185248","https://openalex.org/W3100137005","https://openalex.org/W3109620645","https://openalex.org/W3135179859","https://openalex.org/W3190486510","https://openalex.org/W3202897408","https://openalex.org/W4287947470","https://openalex.org/W4312766345","https://openalex.org/W4319299742","https://openalex.org/W4381618813","https://openalex.org/W4386071515","https://openalex.org/W4387848879","https://openalex.org/W4389060416","https://openalex.org/W6678280073","https://openalex.org/W6726497184","https://openalex.org/W6738471490","https://openalex.org/W6740005241","https://openalex.org/W6751420435","https://openalex.org/W6753772092","https://openalex.org/W6758632346","https://openalex.org/W6761059766","https://openalex.org/W6771630921","https://openalex.org/W6773005947","https://openalex.org/W6789476682"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W230091440","https://openalex.org/W2233261550","https://openalex.org/W2810751659","https://openalex.org/W258997015","https://openalex.org/W2098708659","https://openalex.org/W2997094352","https://openalex.org/W3216976533","https://openalex.org/W100620283","https://openalex.org/W2496736947","https://openalex.org/W3023393241"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"learning":[1,32,60],"has":[2],"excelled":[3],"in":[4,10,119,145],"image":[5,143],"classification,":[6],"but":[7],"noisy":[8,76,149],"labels":[9],"large":[11],"datasets":[12,90],"pose":[13],"a":[14,26],"significant":[15],"challenge,":[16],"impacting":[17],"performance":[18],"and":[19,55,68,75,84,94,99,106,117,127],"generalization.":[20],"To":[21],"tackle":[22],"this,":[23],"we":[24],"propose":[25],"novel":[27],"co-training":[28],"method":[29,35],"using":[30],"cyclic":[31,59],"rates.":[33],"This":[34],"trains":[36],"two":[37],"networks":[38,63],"simultaneously,":[39],"each":[40],"selecting":[41],"clean":[42,74],"samples":[43],"based":[44],"on":[45,89,97],"loss":[46],"values":[47],"to":[48,64],"optimize":[49],"the":[50,71,110,137,146],"other\u2019s":[51],"parameters,":[52],"reducing":[53],"overfitting":[54],"confirmation":[56],"bias.":[57],"The":[58],"rate":[61],"allows":[62],"oscillate":[65],"between":[66,73],"underfitting":[67],"overfitting,":[69],"enhancing":[70],"distinction":[72],"samples.":[77],"Our":[78],"approach":[79],"improves":[80],"noise":[81,88,104,125,132],"detection":[82],"accuracy":[83,129],"robustness":[85],"against":[86],"label":[87],"like":[91],"CIFAR-10,":[92],"CIFAR-100,":[93],"Clothing1M.":[95],"Especially":[96],"CIFAR-10":[98],"CIFAR-100":[100],"with":[101],"40%":[102],"symmetric":[103],"ratio,":[105],"Clothing1M,":[107],"it":[108],"outperforms":[109],"most":[111],"relevant":[112],"O2U-Net":[113],"by":[114],"2.59%,":[115],"6.11%,":[116],"0.57%":[118],"test":[120],"accuracy,":[121],"respectively,":[122],"demonstrating":[123],"superior":[124],"resistance":[126],"classification":[128,144],"under":[130],"various":[131],"conditions.":[133],"Comprehensive":[134],"experiments":[135],"confirm":[136],"effectiveness":[138],"of":[139,148],"our":[140],"method,":[141],"advancing":[142],"presence":[147],"labels.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}