{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405934521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3524594","title":"On the Design of a High Band-Ratio Mid-Section Crossed Dual-Band Branch-Line Coupler With Arbitrary Power Division Ratio Using Perturbation Factor","display_name":"On the Design of a High Band-Ratio Mid-Section Crossed Dual-Band Branch-Line Coupler With Arbitrary Power Division Ratio Using Perturbation Factor","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405934521","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3524594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3524594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3524594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3524594","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035984425","display_name":"Ahammad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137317281","display_name":"Washington State University Vancouver","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2fk805","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137317281","https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5869-8398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137317281"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059078942","display_name":"Asif Iftekhar Omi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2784-6885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asif Iftekhar Omi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2784-6885","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002965941","display_name":"Md Hedayatullah Maktoomi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5138-2358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185641255","display_name":"Virginia Military Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01ngnm118","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185641255"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad H. Maktoomi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5138-2358","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185641255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024827974","display_name":"Mohammad A. Maktoomi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-3954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185641255","display_name":"Virginia Military Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01ngnm118","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185641255"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad A. Maktoomi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5344-3954","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185641255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011440927","display_name":"Praveen Kumar Sekhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4669-535X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137317281","display_name":"Washington State University Vancouver","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2fk805","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137317281","https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Praveen K. Sekhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4669-535X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137317281"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035984425"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137317281"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.1968,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54780276,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"4609","last_page":"4620"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9581000208854675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9581000208854675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.9200000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-band-device","display_name":"Multi-band device","score":0.6054024696350098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/division","display_name":"Division (mathematics)","score":0.49851083755493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.48505276441574097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perturbation","display_name":"Perturbation (astronomy)","score":0.48415809869766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.42920973896980286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3347816467285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3122153878211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2040438950061798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.17200756072998047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.08710703253746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134546842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756885","display_name":"Multi-band device","level":3,"score":0.6054024696350098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60798267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1226939","display_name":"Division (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49851083755493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.48505276441574097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177918212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q803623","display_name":"Perturbation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.48415809869766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.42920973896980286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3347816467285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3122153878211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2040438950061798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.17200756072998047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.08710703253746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3524594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3524594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:16b92340ecb84fa2a7dde661d7e0b54a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/16b92340ecb84fa2a7dde661d7e0b54a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 4609-4620 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3524594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3524594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5089551874","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2104513","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977244987","https://openalex.org/W1984704951","https://openalex.org/W2017167718","https://openalex.org/W2022377823","https://openalex.org/W2042328230","https://openalex.org/W2047499471","https://openalex.org/W2057756681","https://openalex.org/W2060743694","https://openalex.org/W2096145314","https://openalex.org/W2099415770","https://openalex.org/W2105898250","https://openalex.org/W2107506709","https://openalex.org/W2116199868","https://openalex.org/W2117338291","https://openalex.org/W2119782630","https://openalex.org/W2135715607","https://openalex.org/W2140163936","https://openalex.org/W2202646186","https://openalex.org/W2322389206","https://openalex.org/W2512235669","https://openalex.org/W2537093914","https://openalex.org/W2573241436","https://openalex.org/W2592694087","https://openalex.org/W2655454820","https://openalex.org/W2752529368","https://openalex.org/W2788887112","https://openalex.org/W2799726837","https://openalex.org/W2902637715","https://openalex.org/W2915869305","https://openalex.org/W2941926790","https://openalex.org/W2989904523","https://openalex.org/W3016307642","https://openalex.org/W3094094261","https://openalex.org/W3171569184","https://openalex.org/W3197630140","https://openalex.org/W3202114753","https://openalex.org/W3217268077","https://openalex.org/W4324290709","https://openalex.org/W4365450957","https://openalex.org/W4384159559","https://openalex.org/W4386472829","https://openalex.org/W4399369998","https://openalex.org/W4400727559","https://openalex.org/W4400851406"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2087502554","https://openalex.org/W3042882560","https://openalex.org/W2330973770","https://openalex.org/W4252317921","https://openalex.org/W2038973998","https://openalex.org/W4236696036","https://openalex.org/W4213091376","https://openalex.org/W1979495818","https://openalex.org/W1975640583"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,15,32,37,80,92,101,119,152,160],"Mid-section":[4],"crossed":[5,38],"dual-band":[6,191],"Branch-Line":[7],"Coupler":[8],"(MBLC)":[9],"with":[10,14,36,151,171,176],"port":[11,172],"extensions,":[12],"along":[13],"new":[16,178],"design":[17,69,74,179],"methodology":[18,180],"for":[19,71,132,144,184],"both":[20,145],"complex":[21],"and":[22,58,129,134,141,159,189],"conventional":[23,33],"structured":[24],"branch-Line":[25],"couplers.":[26,193],"The":[27,83,139],"proposed":[28,88,112,169],"MBLC":[29,89,170],"structure":[30],"features":[31],"branch-line":[34,192],"coupler":[35,78],"line":[39],"at":[40,51,126],"the":[41,73,77,87,108,111,168,177,185],"center,":[42],"as":[43,45],"well":[44],"an":[46,148],"L-section":[47],"impedance":[48],"matching":[49],"network":[50],"all":[52],"four":[53],"ports,":[54],"which":[55],"facilitates":[56],"analysis":[57,63,84],"design.":[59],"A":[60],"comprehensive":[61],"theoretical":[62],"is":[64],"performed":[65],"to":[66,98],"derive":[67],"closed-form":[68],"equations":[70],"determining":[72],"parameters":[75],"of":[76,96,110,155,163,187],"using":[79],"perturbation":[81],"factor.":[82],"demonstrates":[85],"that":[86],"can":[90],"support":[91],"wide":[93],"band":[94],"ratio":[95],"up":[97],"11,":[99],"indicating":[100],"broad":[102],"operating":[103,125],"frequency":[104],"range.":[105],"To":[106],"evaluate":[107],"performance":[109],"MBLC,":[113],"two":[114],"prototypes":[115,146],"were":[116],"fabricated":[117],"on":[118],"62":[120],"mil":[121],"Rogers":[122],"4003C":[123],"substrate,":[124],"1":[127],"GHz":[128,131],"2":[130],"equal":[133],"unequal":[135],"power":[136],"division":[137],"cases.":[138],"simulated":[140],"measured":[142],"results":[143,183],"showed":[147],"excellent":[149],"match,":[150],"magnitude":[153],"imbalance":[154,162],"less":[156,164],"than":[157,165],"4%":[158],"phase":[161],"2%.":[166],"Overall,":[167],"extensions":[173],"in":[174],"conjunction":[175],"demonstrated":[181],"promising":[182],"development":[186],"efficient":[188],"effective":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
