{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405778890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3522587","title":"Wind Turbine Fault Identification in Sample Imbalance Scenarios Using FRBCS With GAN Oversampling and Metric Learning","display_name":"Wind Turbine Fault Identification in Sample Imbalance Scenarios Using FRBCS With GAN Oversampling and Metric Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405778890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3522587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3522587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3522587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3522587","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054563037","display_name":"Changsheng Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108904480","display_name":"Shenyang Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02pfsj857","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changsheng Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3994-7834","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101838691","display_name":"Xiaoyi Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3926-6813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108904480","display_name":"Shenyang Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02pfsj857","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyi Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3926-6813","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lixin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9281-0249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108904480","display_name":"Shenyang Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02pfsj857","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9281-0249","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ziheng Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5596-5734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108904480","display_name":"Shenyang Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02pfsj857","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziheng Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5596-5734","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052477740","display_name":"Shuai Guan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108904480","display_name":"Shenyang Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02pfsj857","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077280762","display_name":"Yi Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5368-3595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108904480","display_name":"Shenyang Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02pfsj857","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100835203","display_name":"Wenyao Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108904480","display_name":"Shenyang Institute of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02pfsj857","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenyao Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Power Grid Energy Conservation and Control, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108904480"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.5682,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69688798,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"78864","last_page":"78874"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11052","display_name":"Energy Load and Power Forecasting","score":0.9735000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9110999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oversampling","display_name":"Oversampling","score":0.7880446314811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.6856810450553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6362862586975098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5387166142463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5336601734161377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbine","display_name":"Turbine","score":0.5052569508552551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.5003368854522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22085601091384888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.1746228039264679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12722653150558472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10127022862434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.0934649407863617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197323446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331222","display_name":"Oversampling","level":3,"score":0.7880446314811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6856810450553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6362862586975098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5387166142463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5336601734161377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.5052569508552551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5003368854522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22085601091384888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.1746228039264679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12722653150558472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10127022862434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0934649407863617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3522587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3522587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0ceb5840f6c34eb6ac9936097a31f084","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0ceb5840f6c34eb6ac9936097a31f084","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 78864-78874 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3522587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3522587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G310531023","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LJKQZ2021085","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327799","funder_display_name":"Scientific Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Education Department"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4377275917","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LJ222411632051","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327799","funder_display_name":"Scientific Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Education Department"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327799","display_name":"Scientific Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Education Department","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563938718","https://openalex.org/W2989219518","https://openalex.org/W3025967384","https://openalex.org/W3135874320","https://openalex.org/W3211388698","https://openalex.org/W4212922948","https://openalex.org/W4225494991","https://openalex.org/W4285125972","https://openalex.org/W4296103744","https://openalex.org/W4313398399","https://openalex.org/W4317038442","https://openalex.org/W4360862180","https://openalex.org/W4366753689","https://openalex.org/W4376457081","https://openalex.org/W4377234385","https://openalex.org/W4378233791","https://openalex.org/W4380478870","https://openalex.org/W4383371592","https://openalex.org/W4385437253","https://openalex.org/W4387766349","https://openalex.org/W4391554661","https://openalex.org/W4392266851","https://openalex.org/W4392979562","https://openalex.org/W4393028950","https://openalex.org/W4394061092","https://openalex.org/W4399044490","https://openalex.org/W4399540489","https://openalex.org/W4399563410","https://openalex.org/W4399995434","https://openalex.org/W4400409034","https://openalex.org/W4400953536","https://openalex.org/W4402121157","https://openalex.org/W4402629787"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2766503024","https://openalex.org/W2781247653","https://openalex.org/W4206637278","https://openalex.org/W4386005305","https://openalex.org/W4386214543","https://openalex.org/W3082051559","https://openalex.org/W1969988626","https://openalex.org/W1682621979","https://openalex.org/W2141301039","https://openalex.org/W2375547256"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,55],"operation":[1],"data":[2],"from":[3],"different":[4,82],"wind":[5],"turbines":[6],"(WTs)":[7],"is":[8,59,75],"not":[9],"universal,":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,61,77,96],"the":[13,31,63,66,70,79,86,98,101,104,108,117],"influence":[14],"of":[15,65,81,85,91,100,119],"installation,":[16],"location,":[17],"and":[18,24,29,52,69],"environmental":[19],"conditions,":[20],"which":[21],"caused":[22],"incomplete":[23],"imbalanced":[25,120],"fault":[26,32,83,113,121],"sample":[27],"data,":[28],"influenced":[30],"identification":[33,114],"accuracy.":[34],"Therefore,":[35],"this":[36],"paper":[37],"proposes":[38],"a":[39],"fuzzy":[40],"rule-based":[41],"classification":[42],"system":[43],"(FRBCS)":[44],"based":[45],"on":[46],"generative":[47],"adversarial":[48],"network":[49],"(GAN)":[50],"oversampling":[51,57],"metric":[53,71],"learning.":[54],"GAN":[56],"algorithm":[58,73],"introduced":[60],"eliminate":[62],"imbalance":[64],"actual":[67],"samples,":[68],"learning":[72],"(MLA)":[74],"adopted":[76],"improve":[78],"separability":[80],"samples":[84],"FRBCS.":[87],"10":[88],"common":[89],"faults":[90],"megawatt-level":[92],"WTs":[93],"are":[94],"used":[95],"validate":[97],"effectiveness":[99],"proposed":[102,109],"method,":[103],"results":[105],"show":[106],"that":[107],"method":[110],"effectively":[111],"improves":[112],"accuracy":[115],"in":[116],"presence":[118],"samples.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2024-12-25T00:00:00"}