{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405718135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3521047","title":"Physically-Based Detection Algorithm of Buried Archaeological Remains Using Spectral Signatures","display_name":"Physically-Based Detection Algorithm of Buried Archaeological Remains Using Spectral Signatures","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405718135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3521047"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3521047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3521047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3521047","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045784987","display_name":"Elias Gravanis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5331-6661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163151358","display_name":"Cyprus University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05qt8tf94","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elias Gravanis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5331-6661","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019726212","display_name":"\u0386\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u0391\u03b3\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03bf\u03c5","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163151358","display_name":"Cyprus University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05qt8tf94","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Athos Agapiou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9106-6766","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"],"apc_list":{"value":1995,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1995},"apc_paid":{"value":1995,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1995},"fwci":0.6101,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66567731,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"197217","last_page":"197232"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6301327347755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4221551716327667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6301327347755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4221551716327667}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3521047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3521047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ktisis.cut.ac.cy:20.500.14279/33667","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14279/33667","pdf_url":"https://ktisis.cut.ac.cy/bitstream/20.500.14279/33667/1/Physically-based-detection.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400897","display_name":"Ktisis at Cyprus University of Technology (Cyprus University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I163151358","host_organization_name":"Cyprus University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151358"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:57b1ca6f0c79421288d15d17a421dee9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/57b1ca6f0c79421288d15d17a421dee9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 197217-197232 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3521047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3521047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1719339880","display_name":"CIVIL ENGINEERING AND GEOMATICS INNOVATIVE RESEARCH ON HERITAGE","funder_award_id":"101079377","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5235597554","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10050486","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7377208166","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101079377","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310605","display_name":"Cyprus University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05qt8tf94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313981","display_name":"University of Cyprus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qjrjx09"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116253160","https://openalex.org/W196321102","https://openalex.org/W248389711","https://openalex.org/W633320881","https://openalex.org/W765758661","https://openalex.org/W778590144","https://openalex.org/W1822483748","https://openalex.org/W1932825008","https://openalex.org/W1967150870","https://openalex.org/W1972081555","https://openalex.org/W1987552279","https://openalex.org/W1988869669","https://openalex.org/W2054497277","https://openalex.org/W2056352756","https://openalex.org/W2071454092","https://openalex.org/W2073226970","https://openalex.org/W2090958907","https://openalex.org/W2101010747","https://openalex.org/W2104638284","https://openalex.org/W2114535331","https://openalex.org/W2116635928","https://openalex.org/W2120636518","https://openalex.org/W2121025745","https://openalex.org/W2124937378","https://openalex.org/W2140571362","https://openalex.org/W2161491521","https://openalex.org/W2165124968","https://openalex.org/W2167556755","https://openalex.org/W2556395180","https://openalex.org/W2755091472","https://openalex.org/W2756190765","https://openalex.org/W2782772130","https://openalex.org/W2801699037","https://openalex.org/W2806394060","https://openalex.org/W2830912868","https://openalex.org/W2883610912","https://openalex.org/W2899571623","https://openalex.org/W2907047183","https://openalex.org/W2943316090","https://openalex.org/W2946683773","https://openalex.org/W2970127736","https://openalex.org/W3020525923","https://openalex.org/W3047680252","https://openalex.org/W3048490984","https://openalex.org/W3049655825","https://openalex.org/W3124539583","https://openalex.org/W3159756736","https://openalex.org/W4200384333","https://openalex.org/W4220680148","https://openalex.org/W4287148643","https://openalex.org/W4304098281","https://openalex.org/W4313200335","https://openalex.org/W4316039759","https://openalex.org/W4380372970","https://openalex.org/W4388563346","https://openalex.org/W4392435065","https://openalex.org/W4396859750","https://openalex.org/W6804445554"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detection":[0],"of":[1,8,45,80,83,140,148,168,171,196],"buried":[2,46,131],"archaeological":[3,9,23,47],"remains":[4,48],"based":[5],"on":[6],"identification":[7],"proxies,":[10],"such":[11,22],"as":[12,190,192],"cropmarks,":[13],"has":[14],"been":[15],"widely":[16],"used.":[17],"Nevertheless,":[18],"physically-based":[19,78],"models":[20],"for":[21,42],"prospection":[24],"surveys":[25],"are":[26,202],"still":[27],"missing":[28],"from":[29,89],"the":[30,43,66,101,106,141,146,165,169,193,197],"literature.":[31],"In":[32],"this":[33],"work":[34],"we":[35],"present":[36],"a":[37,149,176],"spectral":[38,81],"classification":[39,108],"criterion":[40,60],"procedure":[41],"detection":[44,155],"(cropmarks)":[49],"using":[50,64],"remote":[51],"sensing":[52],"techniques,":[53],"in":[54,71,127,157,179,199],"particular":[55],"top-of-canopy":[56],"hyperspectral":[57,121],"data.":[58],"The":[59,138,185],"is":[61,111],"built":[62],"by":[63,113,130],"(1)":[65],"radiative":[67],"transfer":[68],"model":[69],"PROSAIL":[70],"inverse":[72],"and":[73,93,105,124,182,188],"forward":[74],"mode":[75],"to":[76,99,134],"produce":[77],"simulations":[79],"signatures":[82,128],"an":[84,90],"observed":[85],"cropmark":[86],"dataset":[87,118],"captured":[88],"artificial":[91],"test-field,":[92],"(2)":[94],"machine-learning":[95],"methods":[96],"(decision":[97],"trees)":[98],"identify":[100],"highest":[102],"importance":[103],"wavelengths":[104],"associated":[107],"thresholds.":[109],"This":[110],"done":[112],"statistically":[114],"analyzing":[115],"different":[116,125,200],"simulated":[117],"size":[119],"(synthetic":[120],"image":[122],"size)":[123],"contents":[126],"affected":[129],"\u2018remains\u2019":[132],"relatively":[133],"healthy":[135],"crop":[136],"signatures.":[137],"analysis":[139],"results":[142],"does":[143],"indeed":[144],"allow":[145],"formulation":[147],"well-performing":[150],"criterion,":[151],"with":[152],"above":[153],"70%":[154],"rate":[156],"test":[158],"synthetic":[159],"datasets.":[160],"Our":[161],"findings":[162],"show":[163],"that":[164],"physical":[166],"reduction":[167],"degrees":[170],"freedom":[172],"forming":[173],"cropmarks":[174],"plays":[175],"significant":[177],"role":[178],"their":[180],"modelling":[181],"successful":[183],"detection.":[184],"underlying":[186],"hypotheses":[187],"issues,":[189],"well":[191],"generalizability":[194],"potential":[195],"method":[198],"conditions":[201],"discussed.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
